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質問

An Anglo-Indian force consisting of the 17th and 18th Indian Divisions and the 7th and 11th Indian Cavalry Brigades, led by Sir Alexander Cobbe, left Baghdad on October 23, 1918. In just 39 hours they covered 120 kilometres (75 mi) to the Little Zab River, where the "Dicle Group" of the Ottoman Sixth Army, led by İsmail Hakkı Bey, who was the commander of the Ottoman 14th Division, was awaiting them. The Sixth Army had been weakened due to lack of replacements. His forces consisted of the XVIII Corps, which comprised the 14th and 46th Divisions, and the XIII Corps, which comprised the 2nd and 6th Divisions.
Seeing his army's rear threatened, İsmail Hakkı Bey withdrew another 100 kilometers (62 mi) to the north to Sharqat, where Cobbe attacked him on October 29, sending the 11th Cavalry Brigade to pin the Ottoman front while the 17th Division came up to support them. The 17th were delayed in arriving, and the cavalry were shelled by Ottoman guns overnight. In the morning the 13th Hussars charged the hill where the guns were, and made a dismounted charge up it with fixed bayonets, successfully capturing the guns. İsmail Hakkı Bey was aware of the peace talks at Mudros, and decided to spare his men rather than fight or break out. He surrendered on October 30. The 18th Division advanced on Mosul, 50 miles further north, and were 12 miles short of the town when the armistice was declared.
On November 1, 1918, Mosul was peacefully occupied by the 7th and 11th Indian cavalry brigades, after the British forces ignored the request of the Ottoman Commander-in-chief, Ali İhsan (Sâbis), to withdraw to the positions they had held at the armistice.

The Battle of Vittorio Veneto was fought from 24 October to 3 November 1918 near Vittorio Veneto on the Italian Front during World War I. The Italian victory marked the end of the war on the Italian Front, secured the dissolution of the Austro-Hungarian Empire and contributed to the end of the First World War just one week later. The battle led to the capture of 5,000+ artillery pieces and over 350,000 Austro-Hungarian troops, including 120,000 Germans, 83,000 Czechs and Slovaks, 60,000 South Slavs, 40,000 Poles, several tens of thousands of Romanians and Ukrainians, and 7,000 Italians and Friulians.
Some Italian authors see Vittorio Veneto as the final culmination of the Risorgimento nationalist movement, in which Italy was unified.

The Battle of Vittorio Veneto ヴィットリオ・ヴェネトの戦い

回答No.1

Nakay702 · ベストアンサー

＞An Anglo-Indian force consisting of the 17th and 18th Indian Divisions and the 7th and 11th Indian Cavalry Brigades, led by Sir Alexander Cobbe, left Baghdad on October 23, 1918. In just 39 hours they covered 120 kilometres (75 mi) to the Little Zab River, where the "Dicle Group" of the Ottoman Sixth Army, led by İsmail Hakkı Bey, who was the commander of the Ottoman 14th Division, was awaiting them. The Sixth Army had been weakened due to lack of replacements. His forces consisted of the XVIII Corps, which comprised the 14th and 46th Divisions, and the XIII Corps, which comprised the 2nd and 6th Divisions.
⇒第17、第18インド軍師団と第7、第11インド騎兵旅団からなる英領インド軍が、アレクサンダー・コッブ卿に率いられて1918年10月23日にバグダッドを出発した。彼らはわずか39時間で120キロ（75マイル）を踏破してリトルザブ川まで達したが、そこではオスマントルコ軍第14師団の指揮官イズマイル・ハッキ総督が率いるオスマン帝国第6方面軍の「ディクルグループ」が待っていた。その第6方面軍は、補充不足のために弱体化していた。彼の軍団は第14、第46師団で構成される第XVIII軍団、および第2、第6師団で構成する第XIII軍団からなっていた。

＞Seeing his army's rear threatened, İsmail Hakkı Bey withdrew another 100 kilometers (62 mi) to the north to Sharqat, where Cobbe attacked him on October 29, sending the 11th Cavalry Brigade to pin the Ottoman front while the 17th Division came up to support them. The 17th were delayed in arriving, and the cavalry were shelled by Ottoman guns overnight. In the morning the 13th Hussars charged the hill where the guns were, and made a dismounted charge up it with fixed bayonets, successfully capturing the guns. İsmail Hakkı Bey was aware of the peace talks at Mudros, and decided to spare his men rather than fight or break out. He surrendered on October 30. The 18th Division advanced on Mosul, 50 miles further north, and were 12 miles short of the town when the armistice was declared.
⇒イズマイル・ハッキ総督は、彼の方面軍の後衛部が脅かされているのを見て、シャルカットに向かってさらに100キロ（62マイル）後退したが、10月29日コッブに攻撃された。彼コッブは、第17師団が支援のために到着するまでの間オスマン軍前線を釘付けすべく、第11騎兵旅団を派遣した。その第17師団の到着が遅れて、騎兵隊は一晩中オスマン軍の銃砲隊に砲撃された。朝、第13フッサール隊がその銃砲隊のいる丘を攻撃して、下馬の上装着の銃剣で突撃し、守備よく銃砲隊を攻略した。イズマイル・ハッキ総督はムドロスの和平交渉の思いに至り、戦闘や突破よりも部下の兵を救う決心をした。彼は10月30日に降伏した。第18師団は、北に50マイル離れたモスルに進軍したので、休戦が宣言されたときには、町まで12マイルのところに迫っていた。

＞On November 1, 1918, Mosul was peacefully occupied by the 7th and 11th Indian cavalry brigades, after the British forces ignored the request of the Ottoman Commander-in-chief, Ali İhsan (Sâbis), to withdraw to the positions they had held at the armistice.
⇒英国軍団が、休戦前にオスマン軍の維持していた陣地に退去するという（オスマン軍）司令官アリ・イーサン（サビス）の要請を無視した後、1918年11月1日、モスルは、第7、第11インド騎兵旅団によって平和裡に占拠された。

＞The Battle of Vittorio Veneto was fought from 24 October to 3 November 1918 near Vittorio Veneto on the Italian Front during World War I. The Italian victory marked the end of the war on the Italian Front, secured the dissolution of the Austro-Hungarian Empire and contributed to the end of the First World War just one week later. The battle led to the capture of 5,000+ artillery pieces and over 350,000 Austro-Hungarian troops, including 120,000 Germans, 83,000 Czechs and Slovaks, 60,000 South Slavs, 40,000 Poles, several tens of thousands of Romanians and Ukrainians, and 7,000 Italians and Friulians.
⇒「ヴィットリオ・ヴェネトの戦い」は、第一次世界大戦中にイタリア戦線のヴィットリオ・ヴェネト近くで、10月24日から11月3日まで戦われた。イタリア軍の勝利が、イタリア前線における戦いの終結を画し、オーストリア‐ハンガリー帝国の解体を確実にし、ちょうど1週間後の第一次世界大戦の終結に貢献した。この戦いは、ドイツ人120,000人、チェコ・スロバキア軍83,000人、南スラヴ人60,000人、ポーランド人40,000人、ルーマニア・ウクライナ人20,000人、イタリア・フリウリ人7,000人を含むオーストリア‐ハンガリー軍隊350,000人以上と大砲5,000門強の攻略につながった。

＞Some Italian authors see Vittorio Veneto as the final culmination of the Risorgimento nationalist movement, in which Italy was unified.
⇒このヴィットリオ・ヴェネト戦については、イタリア統一という、リソルジメント（全国統一）国家主義運動の最終的な成果である、と見なすイタリア人作家もいる。

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