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He added that this sets A

He added that this sets Asians, three-quarters of whom are foreign-born, apart previous waves of immigrants. that,whomなどの構文を取りながら説明していただけませんか？>_<

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回答No.3

Asians を代名詞で受けたとして、 three-quarters of them are ～ 「彼らのうちの４分の３は～」 ここで of の後は them という目的格になるように、 Asians を先行詞とする関係代名詞も whom です。 are の主語は three-quarters of ～というかたまり。 だからといって、of の後に主格がくるわけじゃないです。 One of them is ～のような英語を考えれば、 one of them で主語、であっても主格 they になるわけじゃない。 どっちかというと、one とか、ここでは three-quarters (of ～) が主格みたいなもの。 現代英語で主格と目的格の区別があるのは I, he, she, we, they くらいです。 あとは名詞・代名詞をそのまま使えば主語でも目的語でも使うので 主格・目的格などあると気づかないだけ。 こういう英語は There are thirty students, some of whom are from Australia. こういうパターンは one/some/neither/none of whom/which という形で 高校英語で出てきます。 必ず、コンマつきの継続用法。 some of whom で some of them のような主語で、are が続く。 でも、of の後は目的格。 こういう英語はあくまでも例外的で、逆にこういうのだけわかって、 本当の関係代名詞とか疑問詞の役割がわからない人もいるのですが、 普通にはこちらのパターンがわからない人が多いです。

noname#212313
noname#212313
回答No.2

>He added that this sets Asians, three-quarters of whom are foreign-born, apart previous waves of immigrants. 　大雑把にSVOCでカッコを使って分けてみます。 S(He) V(added) O(that this sets Asians, three-quarters of whom are foreign-born, apart from previous waves of immigrants). 　こういう形だとして読んでみると、動詞がset A apart from B（AをBから引き離す、AをBと区別する、等々）でfromが欠落しているようですので、上記では補ってあります。 　Oであるthat節は、that以降は文ですから、それだけを取り出して考えてみます。挿入句のようになっているカンマで挟まれた部分はAsiansにかかると思われます。前置詞句や関係詞節もややこしそうなので、7文型分類で使うM（前置詞句や関係代名詞など、その他）も使ってみます。 S(This) V(sets) O{Asians, ←M(three-quarters of whom are foreign-born), M(apart from previous waves of immigrants). 　しかしwhomが関係代名詞だとすると目的格のはずですが、主格として使われているようです。これがAsiansを説明する挿入句だとすると、 three-quarters of whom are foreign-born →three-quarters of them are foreign-born（そのうち3/4は外国生まれである） と書き換えれば成立します。whomはthemでもいいのだけど、関係詞節的であるのでwhomがしっくりくるので使ってる、と理解するのも一つの手です。しかし、諦めないで分析を続けてみます。 　なぜwhomなのか調べて考えると、この使い方は、どういうわけか調べてみた範囲では辞書にありません。でも、この形はときどき見ます。文法書ではこれに近い用法を説明していることもあります。英文法詳解（杉山忠一）では次のような例文を示しています。 >I saw a mountain the top of which (＝whose top) was covered with snow. >私は頂上が雪に覆われている山を見ました。 　whoseだとすんなり読めそうですが、of whichを使うとややこしい感じになります。それは、ofで所有を表すとtop of the moutainという形になるべきなのに対応して、関係詞代名詞節でもtopが（この場合だとtheまで付け加えて）ofの前に出ざるを得ないわけですね。 　これはof whichですが、人称代名詞ではwhomが対応します。ですので、whoseを使えば、今の英文の該当部分では以下のようになります。 (Asians) whose three-quarters are foreign-born 　こういう所有格をofで言おうとすると、お示しのような英文になります。そう理解すると、 S(three-quarters of whom) V(are) C(foreign-born) という関係代名詞節であると分かってきます。以上をまとめると、以下のようになります。ダッシュ1個（’）で、文のSVOCMどれか一つの要素の中のSVOCMであることを、ダッシュ2個（’’）で、さらにその要素の中のSVOCMであることを表してみました。 S(He) V(added) O[that S(This) V(sets) O{Asians, ←M{S'(three-quarters of whom) V'(are) C'(foreign-born)}, M(apart from previous waves of immigrants). 「彼が付け加えて言ったのは、このことが、3/4が外国生まれであるアジア人を、前回の移民の流行のようにはさせないようにしている、ということだ。」 →「このことが、3/4が外国生まれである今のアジア人を、前回の移民ブームで入ってきたアジア人と異なるものにしている、と彼は付け加えた。」

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回答No.1

１。　　構文 主文 　　　　主語：　　He 　　　　彼は 　　　　動詞：　　added 　　　付け加えた 従属文　　　（that　以下） 　　　　主語：　　　this 　　　これが 　　　　動詞：　　　sets 　　　　　　　とする 　　　　目的語：　Asians, 　アジア人を 　　　　目的語の同格：　three-quarters of whom are foreign-born, 　３／４は外国生まれの 　　　　　副詞句：　apart previous waves of immigrants.　　以前の移民とは違っている ２。　　これが、四分の三が外国生まれであるアジア人を、以前の移民とは異なるものにしている、と彼は付け加えた。

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