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質問

The previous election had been held in 1911 and was won by Borden's Conservatives. Under the law, Canada should have had an election in 1916. However, citing the emergency of the First World War, the government postponed the election largely in hope that a coalition government could be formed, as existed in Britain.
Sir Wilfrid Laurier, head of the Liberal Party of Canada, refused to join the coalition over the issue of conscription, which was strongly opposed in the Liberal heartland of Quebec. Laurier worried that agreeing to Borden's coalition offer would cause that province to abandon the Liberals and perhaps even Canada. Borden proceeded to form a "Unionist" government, and the Liberal Party split over the issue. Many English Canadian Liberal MPs and provincial Liberal parties in English Canada supported the new Unionist government.
To ensure victory for conscription, Borden introduced two laws to skew the voting towards the government. The first, the Wartime Elections Act, disenfranchised conscientious objectors and Canadian citizens if they were born in enemy countries and had arrived after 1902. The law also gave female relatives of servicemen the vote. Thus, the 1917 election was the first federal election in which some women were allowed to vote. The other new law was the Military Voters Act, which allowed soldiers serving abroad to choose which riding their vote would be counted in or to allow the party for which they voted to select the riding in which the vote would be counted. That allowed government officials to guide the strongly pro-conscription soldiers into voting in those ridings where they would be more useful. Servicemen were given a ballot with the simple choice of "Government" or "Opposition".
Soon after these measures were passed, Borden convinced a faction of Liberals (using the name Liberal-Unionists) along with Gideon Decker Robertson, who was described as a "Labour" Senator (but was unaffiliated with any Labour Party) to join with them, forming the Unionist government in October 1917. He then dissolved parliament to seek a mandate in the election, which pitted "Government" candidates, running as the Unionist Party, against the anti-conscription faction of the Liberal Party, which ran under the name Laurier Liberals.

回答No.1

Nakay702 · ベストアンサー

＞The previous election had been held in 1911 and was won by Borden's Conservatives. Under the law, Canada should have had an election in 1916. However, citing the emergency of the First World War, the government postponed the election largely in hope that a coalition government could be formed, as existed in Britain.
⇒前回の選挙は1911年に行われて、その時はボーデンの保守主義派が勝った。カナダは、法律の下では1916年に選挙を行っているべきであった。しかし、政府は第一次世界大戦の緊急事態を引き合いに出して、英国に存在するような連立政府が形成できる可能性を大いに期待して選挙を延期したのである。

＞Sir Wilfrid Laurier, head of the Liberal Party of Canada, refused to join the coalition over the issue of conscription, which was strongly opposed in the Liberal heartland of Quebec. Laurier worried that agreeing to Borden's coalition offer would cause that province to abandon the Liberals and perhaps even Canada. Borden proceeded to form a "Unionist" government, and the Liberal Party split over the issue. Many English Canadian Liberal MPs and provincial Liberal parties in English Canada supported the new Unionist government.
⇒カナダ自由党の頭首ウィルフリッド・ローリエ卿は、徴兵問題との関連で連立政府に参加することを拒絶したが、それというのも、自由党の中心地域ケベック州が徴兵に強く反対していたからであった。ローリエは、ボーデンの連立提案に同意することが、この州に、ひいてはおそらくカナダ（全域）でさえ、自由主義者を捨てさせることになるだろうと心配したのである。ボーデンは、「ユニオニスト」（連邦主義派）政府の形成を続行し、この問題に関して自由党は仲が割れた。イギリス系カナダ人自由主義派MP（議員）およびイギリス系カナダにおける多くの地方自由政党は、新しいユニオニスト政府を支持した。

＞To ensure victory for conscription, Borden introduced two laws to skew the voting towards the government. The first, the Wartime Elections Act, disenfranchised conscientious objectors and Canadian citizens if they were born in enemy countries and had arrived after 1902. The law also gave female relatives of servicemen the vote. Thus, the 1917 election was the first federal election in which some women were allowed to vote.
⇒徴兵に向けた勝利を保証するために、ボーデンは2つの法律を提示して政府への投票を引き寄せた。その第1、「戦時の選挙法」は、良心的な反対者、および敵国で生まれて1902年より後に来たカナダ市民から公民権を剥奪した。この法律はまた、軍人の女性親族にも投票権を与えた。従って、1917年の選挙は、何人かの女性が投票することを許された最初の連邦選挙であった。

＞The other new law was the Military Voters Act, which allowed soldiers serving abroad to choose which riding their vote would be counted in or to allow the party for which they voted to select the riding in which the vote would be counted. That allowed government officials to guide the strongly pro-conscription soldiers into voting in those ridings where they would be more useful. Servicemen were given a ballot with the simple choice of "Government" or "Opposition".
⇒もう１つの新しい法律は、「軍隊有権者法」であった。外国で役務する兵士に自分の票が勘定に入れられる選挙区の選定を可能にし、また彼らが賛成を投じた政党に自分の票が勘定される選挙区の選択認定を可能にした。このことで、政府高官は強い徴兵翼賛的兵士がより有効な選挙区で投票できるような形に誘導することができた。軍人らは「政府」または「反対」だけの、簡単な選択による投票の用紙を与えられた。

＞Soon after these measures were passed, Borden convinced a faction of Liberals (using the name Liberal-Unionists) along with Gideon Decker Robertson, who was described as a "Labour" Senator (but was unaffiliated with any Labour Party) to join with them, forming the Unionist government in October 1917. He then dissolved parliament to seek a mandate in the election, which pitted "Government" candidates, running as the Unionist Party, against the anti-conscription faction of the Liberal Party, which ran under the name Laurier Liberals.
⇒これらの手段が通過したすぐ後に、ボーデンは、ギデオン・デッカー・ロバートソンとともに（「自由ユニオニスト」の名を使って）自由主義者の派閥を納得させた。彼ロバートソンは、「労働党の」上院議員（ただし、いかなる労働党とも提携していなかった）と評され、1917年10月に彼ら自由主義者と合流して、ユニオニスト（連合）政府を形成した。そこで彼は議会を解散し、選挙での命令的権限を追及した。そして、「政府」候補者を統一連合党として立たせて、ローリエ自由主義者の名の下で立候補した自由党に対抗した。

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