英文訳して下さい -大学の授業の予習なんですが、訳すことができません。わか-

和訳お願いします

大学の予習ですが和訳お願いします。前回の続きなんですがよろしくお願いします。最後の質問も和訳お願いしたいんですが内容から答えがわかればお答えいただきたいです。 http://okwave.jp/qa/q6777999.html http://okwave.jp/qa/q6754442.html Mr Coleman said: “Zimbabwe now has the highest level of public health worker mobility in Africa. It may well account for the drop in HIV infection rates 〔from 24 per cent three years ago to 16 per cent now, according to World Health Organisation figures〕. there isn't a system like this anywhere. It is simple. It is made for Afirica. This is good news for global health. ” There are 529 Riders for Health motorbikes in the Health Ministry, serving every district. In the whole of last year, thanks to the charity's training programme, the only accidents were two fall-offs with minor injuries; there have been no accidents this year. But economic collapse is now causing the extraordinary achievements of the health system to crumble. Fuel and spare parts have become erratically available and EHTs are losing tough with their villages. “In Makoni district 10 out of 14 EHTs were immobilised for lack of fuel,” Mr Nyamandi said. “More and more motorbikes are breaking down. Now a bike can spend six months without being ridden. “We made big gains in the health system. We have to keep that momentum---the Riders system has to be sustainable.” Questions 1.In the Makoni district, how well does the health system function? 2.What percentage of the ministry's vehicles are managed by Riders for health? 3.What does the health system comprise? 4.In 1998, when Zimbabwe faced the economic crisis, what was done to prevent the health system from collapsing? 5.What influence is the economic collapse in Zimbabwe having on its health system? よろしくお願いします。

和訳お願いします

大学の予習なんですが、和訳お願いします。 It comes as a shock to find that almost the only part of Zimbabwe's Government still functioning is the health system in the country's remote, deprived rural areas. It functions so well, syas Victor Nyamandi, a senior Health Ministry official for the Makoni district 170 kilometres (105 miles) east of the capital, Harare, that the monitoring system ensures that tuberculosis medication is taken by every patient to whom it is prescribed. Cholera has been kept away from the district's 300,000 people, who live in scattered villages connected by rutted tracks in the rolling landscape, for seven years. They have not seen a case of measles for more than three years. Measles immunisation days in any part of the district receive a 90 per cent attendance. Even the white-robed, crook-wielding Vapostori(Apostolic) sect, whose religion abhors, Western medicine, are having their children immunised. "It's undoubtedly the best health structure in Africa," said the paediatrician Greg Powell, chairman of the Zimbabwe Child Protection Society. It was functioning in the bush far better than in the urban areas, where hospitals have been overwhelmed by national infrastuctural failure, he added. The system could not work without a highly mobile corps of dedicated health workers who stay in constant contact with rural communities, using a fleet of tough, reliable motorbikrs. "Three quarters of the ministry's vehicles are managed by Riders for Health," Mr Nyamandi said. "They are the key to our success. We cannot do without them." Starting before independence in 1980, and accelerating dramatically afterwards, health autherities created a unique and almost self-contained system of primary preventive healthcare among the country's unsophisticated rural communities, which had been devastated regularly by disease. It comprises a constantly reinforced basic education programme that drives home to nearly every village a recognition of common diseases and their symptoms, the simple steps to prevent them (such as building safe wells and the remarkable Blair toilet, a simple brick structure, named after the state laboratory that designed it, with a deep pit and built-in fly trap, that has wiped out faeces-bearing flies all over the country), a limited range of treatments, and a nutritious diet to strengthen their immune systems. The education is so thorough and simple that it needs outside control only in serious cases and is run virtually by the villagers alone. "When we are not there, our backs are covered," Mr Nyamandi said. "They are quite conscious of their health." The bottom rung of the system's infrastructure comprises thousands of unpaid volunteers drilled in a limited range of specific, simple tasks---home-based care givers who wash Aids sufferers, "chloroquine holders" who hand out malarial prophylactics at the correct intervals, village health workers with basic treatment skills keeping records of illnesses and symptoms, village Aids action committees staging cautionary plays about husbands visiting prostitutes, and garden clubs that grow nutritious foods. The key to their success is their link with the outside world - the environmental health technician(EHT), who is responsible for bringing a steady supply of essential drugs, cement for building lavatories, and the constant surveillance of suspected disease outbreaks. The position also involves mobilising mothers for the immunisation of their children, raising awareness of HIV, and acting as the villagers'principal teacher. Motorbikes were introduced in the 1980s so that the EHTs could move between villages and to the nearest hospital. After 1998, when the country's economic crisis began. the repair and replacement of motorbikes by the Government evaporated, and the rural health system began to stumble.

英文チェック

英語の勉強をしてます。下の文章の英文法等をチェックしていただけますでしょうか。 In Pakistan, there are problems that combine Poverty, low levels of education, high fertility rate, etc., that is, there is the problem that symbolizes low-developed countries profile. In particular, the access to health service for Women such as reproductive health or pregnancy/delivery care still bad and urban rural gap is large entire health sector. Furthermore, in HDI(0.550, 2015) Pakistan is the 147th out of 188 countries, it is second lowest in Southern Asia countries(from East-South Asia to South-West Asia), only after the Afghanistan(0.479, rank169th)

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What do our customers pay us for? Why do they buy from us? In a competitive, non-monopolistic market, and that is what the world has become, there is absolutely no reason why a customer should buy from you rather than from your competitor. None. He pays you because you give him something that is of value to him. What is it that we get paid for? You may think this is a simple question. It is not. I have now been working with some of the world’s biggest manufacturers, producers, even in Slovenia. I have been asking that question now for a year. We have two kinds of customers: one, of course, is the retailer and, if that soap or that detergent or that mayonnaise is not on the retailer’s shelves, the housewife won’t buy it.

次の英文のthatをどう訳しますか？

The hedgehogs had eaten so much on the streets of Ramat Gan, in Israel’s Tel Aviv District, that it was hard for them to curl up into a ball. thatは関係代名詞か接続詞だと思いますが。

英文の和訳をお願いしますm(__)m

以下の５文を訳してくださいm(__)m ▼Here in this area of overlap between the playing of the child and the Playing of the other person there is a chance to introduce enrichments. ▼The teacher aims at enrichment.By contrast,the therapist is concerned specifically with the child's own growth processes,and with the removal of blocks to development that may have become evident. ▼It is psychoanalytic theory that has made for an understanding of these blocks. ▼At the same time it would be a narrow view to suppose that psychoanalysis is the only way to make therapeutic use of the child's playing. ▼It is good to remember always that playing is itself a therapy.To arrange for children to be able to play is itself a psychotherapy that has immediate and universal application,and it includes the establishment of a positive social attitude towards playing.

至急　この英文の訳をお願いします！

What's the best way to help people in other countries? I used to think it was sending money or food. That type of aid is important, but it is more important to provide long-term help. Recently, two organizations have developed creative ways to do that. The first way of helping people is called "micro-lending". An economics professor won a Nobel Prize for creating a bank that has loaned tiny amounts of money to about 7 million people in rural Bangladesh. By borrowing as little as US $4 form the economist's bank, people were able to start their own small business. (1)　rural women bought cell phones or supplies to make clothing. Some sold clothes in their villages, while others started a new type of business, renting cell phones to villagers who needed to make calls.

Parmenidesについての英文

Parmenides of Elea c. 510–? 440BC ‘One cannot know that which is not –that is impossible’ Little is known of Parmenides’ life and background, and fragments of a poem entitled On Nature are all that survive of his work. Nevertheless, it contains one of the first examples of reasoned argument in which, perhaps as a reaction to Heraclitus, Parmenides attempts to prove that change is impossible and that reality is singular, undivided and homogenous. In the first part of his poem, ‘The Way of Truth’, which was revealed to him, he claims, in meeting with a goddess, Parmenides distinguishes between an inquiry into what is and an inquiry into what is not. The latter, he says, is impossible. ‘One cannot know that which is not –that is impossible –nor utter it; for it is the same thing that can be thought, that is’. The essence of this somewhat cryptic argument is that in order to think of something which is not –let us say, ‘a unicorn’ for example –one must be thinking of something: there must be some idea present to the mind, presumably the idea of a unicorn. But to think of a unicorn means that the unicorn (or the idea of a unicorn) exists in the mind, and therefore it cannot be truly said that unicorns completely fail to exist. The argument turns principally on two complex issues. 冒頭の ‘One cannot know that which is not –that is impossible’ について「人はそれが存在していないことを知ることができない。それは不可能である。」という意味ですか？thatは代名詞、whichは関係代名詞ですか？ ‘One cannot know that which is not –that is impossible –nor utter it; for it is the same thing that can be thought, that is’. について for it is the same thing that can be thought, that is’.のthat isはthat is impossibleですか？最後のit cannot be truly said that unicorns completely fail to exist. について fail toは、～し損なう、という意味だと思うのですが、 fail to existで、「存在し損なう」と訳すと意味が取りにくいです。ここのfail to～はどういう意味合いになるのでしょうか？以下次の英文が続きます。 First, exactly what is meant by ‘exists’ here? What is the difference between existing in the world and existing in the mind? This begins a controversy that will reappear throughout much of the history of philosophy in many different contexts, but most notoriously in Anselm’s ontological argument, some 1500 years later. Second, what are the connections between thoughts, words, and things? If that debate started with Parmenides, it has taxed almost every major thinker ever since, up to and including the seminal works of the twentieth century by philosophers such as Bertrand Russell, Ludwig Wittgenstein and W.V. Quine. よろしくお願いたします。

次の英文はどのように訳せばいいのでしょうか？

次の英文はどのように訳せばいいのでしょうか？うまく訳せなくて困っています。よろしくお願いします。 Sometimes there is a concern for works that are photographed in slide form in such a way that clearly represents a clear focus of the presented image. This could present a problem in showing the artist’s works in the best way possible. It could be a concern for the international community's sensitivity to aesthetic quality.

英文を訳してください

下の英文の訳が上手くできず、行き詰ってます。分かる方よろしくお願いします。 It doesn't get madder than this. Swaziland is in the grip of a famine and receiving emergency food aid. Forty per cent of its people are facing acute food shortages. So what has the government decided to export? Biofuel made from one of its staple crops, cassava. The government has allocated several thousand hectares of farmland to ethanol production in the district of Lavumisa, which happens to be the place worst hit by drought. It would surely be quicker and more humane to refine the Swazi people and put them in our tanks. Doubtless a team of development consultants is already doing the sums. This is one of many examples of a trade that was described last month by Jean Ziegler, the UN's special rapporteur, as "a crime against humanity". Ziegler took up the call first made by this column for a five-year moratorium on all government targets and incentives for biofuel: the trade should be frozen until second-generation fuels - made from wood or straw or waste - become commercially available. Otherwise, the superior purchasing power of drivers in the rich world means that they will snatch food from people's mouths. Run your car on virgin biofuel, and other people will starve.

英文についての質問です。

The scientific study of genius began with the publication in 1869 of Hereditary Genius: An Inquiry into Its Laws and Consequences by Darwin's cousin Francis Galton, the founder of psychology, who conducted detailed research on the backgrounds, lives, and achievements of illustrious individuals and their relatives, deceased and living. But strangely, there is hardly a mention of 'genius' in Galton's book; no attempt is made to define genius; and no entry for 'genius' appears in the book's index( unlike 'intelligence'). When Galton published a second edition in 1892, he regretted his title and wished he could change it to Hereditary Ability. 'There was not the slightest intention on my part to use the word genius in any technical sense, but merely as expressing an ability that was exceptionally high,' he wrote in a new preface. 'There is much that is indefinite in the application of the word genius. It is applied to many a youth by his contemporaries, but more rarely by biographers, who do not always agree among themselves.' この英文の最後の方の内容がよくわかりません。 1）'There is much that is indefinite in the application of the word genius. thatは何を指しているのでしょうか？（天才という言葉を適応するには不明確なことがたくさんある、と訳したのですがthatの部分がわかりませんでした） 2）It is applied to many a youth by his contemporaries, but more rarely by biographers, who do not always agree among themselves.' それは同世代によるたくさんの若者に適応されているが、しかし伝記作者には滅多に適応されない。彼らは（伝記作者たちは）賛成しない。 hisは誰を指しているのでしょうか？(youth?) among themselvesはどうやって訳すのでしょうか？ rarely=まれに、　more rarely=?（訳語がわかりません） 3）最後の部分の意味がとれないのですが、つまり質問の1）と2）の英文を合わせるとどういうことを言っているのでしょうか？伝記作者は天才という言葉を明確に使っている、ということですか？(It is applied to~のitがよくつかめていない感じです）英文と質問が長くて申し訳ないです。お手数ですがよろしくお願いいたします。

英文の意味を教えてください。

All of this of course is an assumption that you have made about people. ＊ An appearance before your very eyes that does not exist, in that it does not neeｄ to exist.＊ For the veil which separates you, is a veil that is not of true nature. この＊～＊の意味がよくわからないのですが、特に in that というのは、in appearance と言う意味なんでしょうか？　その後の it もappearance を指しているのでしょうか？

この英文を訳すとどうなるでしょうか

The patent system is indeed in the midst of a challenge. Software technology gives us the GPS in our mobile devices, CT scans that provide early health diagnostics, and other wonders, but circumscribing such technologies in a patent is difficult. Advances in genetics and biotech are critically important to treating many diseases and require huge investments that rely on patent protection, but it is often hard to know where the rights of the inventors end and the public's begin.

英文についての質問です。

Despite his fame and influence, Pablo Picasso's stature as a genius is still debated, for example, as is that of Virginia Woolf in literature. In science, Stephen Hawking, although often regarded by the general public as a contemporary genius comparable with Einstein, is not accepted as such by the physicists who fully understand his work; they regard Hawking as only one of several current luminaries in the field of cosmology. as is that of Virginia Woolf in literatureのthatは何を指しているのでしょうか？ stature as a genius ですか？ as only one of several current luminaries in the field of cosmologyのonly oneの個所は"only one"で"唯一の"の意味よりもonlyは"~に過ぎない"の意味にとって"～の一人に過ぎない"となるのでしょうか？

英文を訳して下さい。

Finally, Evans argued that it is untrue that Versailles caused the premature end of the Republic, instead contending that it was the Great Depression of the early 1930s that put an end to German democracy. He also argued that Versailles was not the "main cause" of National Socialism and the German economy was "only marginally influenced by the impact of reparations". Ewa Thompson points out that the treaty allowed numerous nations in Central and Eastern Europe to liberate themselves from oppressive German rule, a fact that is often neglected by Western historiography, more interested in understanding the German point of view. In nations that found themselves free as the result of the treaty—such as Poles or Czechs—it is seen as a symbol of recognition of wrongs committed against small nations by their much larger aggressive neighbours. Regardless of modern strategic or economic analysis, resentment caused by the treaty sowed fertile psychological ground for the eventual rise of the Nazi Party.[citation needed] The German historian Detlev Peukert wrote that Versailles was far from the impossible peace that most Germans claimed it was during the interwar period, and though not without flaws was actually quite reasonable to Germany. Rather, Peukert argued that it was widely believed in Germany that Versailles was a totally unreasonable treaty, and it was this "perception" rather than the "reality" of the Versailles treaty that mattered. Peukert noted that because of the "millenarian hopes" created in Germany during World War I when for a time it appeared that Germany was on the verge of conquering all of Europe, any peace treaty the Allies of World War I imposed on the defeated German Reich were bound to create a nationalist backlash, and there was nothing the Allies could have done to avoid that backlash. Having noted that much, Peukert commented that the policy of rapprochement with the Western powers that Gustav Stresemann carried out between 1923 and 1929 were constructive policies that might have allowed Germany to play a more positive role in Europe, and that it was not true that German democracy was doomed to die in 1919 because of Versailles. Finally, Peukert argued that it was the Great Depression and the turn to a nationalist policy of autarky within Germany at the same time that finished off the Weimar Republic, not the Treaty of Versailles. French historian Raymond Cartier states that millions of Germans in the Sudetenland and in Posen-West Prussia were placed under foreign rule in a hostile environment, where harassment and violation of rights by authorities are documented.

次の英文を和訳してほしいです。

Methylation is a chemical process in which a methyl(CH3)group is added to an atom or molecule. The resulting compound does not usually dissolve in water and is more easily absorbed into organisms such as plankton. Methylmercury is very dangerous because it enters the food chain as soon as it is absorbed into plankton. Next, it ends up in a fish that eats the contaminated plankton. After the contaminated fish is eaten by another fish, the methylmercury stays in the surviving fish's flesh, and the cycle may be repeated over and over. Once the mercury reaches the top of the food chain, for example in a 300-kilogram tuna, it will stay there for the rest of the fish's life. As a result, people are very worried about the effect of eating fish that are high on the food chain or very old. These fish may have very high accumulations of mercury, and thus may be dangerous to eat. Fish that are lower on the food chain, or younger, are seen as safer. As the article makes clear, an important first step is to discover the exact nature of the ocean's mercury methylation process. After the process is understood, it may be possible to control it. Until we can reduce the amount of mercury that accumulates in the ocean, it would be advisable to avoid fish that may be high on mercury, wouldn't it?

この英文の訳を教えて下さい

英文は nursing 　Health care profession concerned with providing care to the sick and disabled and with promoting,maintaining,and restoring health.Nurses perform mamy different services,including research,education,andpatient consultation.They often coordinate their services with physicians and other health providers. 　The need for nursing is uniuersal.The International Council of Nurses states that the function of nursing is fourfold-to promote health,prevent illness,restore health,and alleviate suffering-and that inherent in nursing is “the respect for life,dignity and the rights of man. It is unrestricted by considerations of nationality,race,creed,colour,age,sex,politics or social status. Nurses render health services to individuals,the family and the community and co-ordinate their services with those of related groups.” です。訳がわからなくて困っています。よかっから教えて下さい。お願いします。

英文を訳して下さい。

Though Churchill was unable to suggest an alternative, a critical view of the British on the Somme has been influential in English-language writing ever since. As recently as 2016, historian Peter Barton argued in a series of three television programmes that the Battle of the Somme should be regarded as a German defensive victory. A rival conclusion by some historians (Terraine, Sheffield, Duffy, Chickering, Herwig and Philpott et al.) is that there was no strategic alternative for the British in 1916 and that an understandable horror at British losses is insular, given the millions of casualties borne by the French and Russian armies since 1914. This school of thought sets the battle in a context of a general Allied offensive in 1916 and notes that German and French writing on the battle puts it in a continental perspective.

英文の翻訳をお願いします。

•WTO is too powerful, in that it can in effect compel sovereign states to change laws and regulations by declaring these to be in violation of free trade rules. •WTO is run by the rich for the rich and does not give significant weight to the problems of developing countries. For example, rich countries have not fully opened their markets to products from poor countries. •WTO is indifferent to the impact of free trade on workers' rights, child labour, the environment and health. •WTO lacks democratic accountability, in that its hearings on trade disputes are closed to the public and the media. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/country_profiles/2429503.stmより

英文の和訳をお願いします！！

If the focus on cancer sometimes tilts toward its impact in rich, industrialized nations, statistics show that the disease is a scourge all around the world, with 95 percent of cancer deaths occurring in developing countries. Children in poor countries aren't spared. An estimated 90 percent of children with cancer die in the world's 25 poorest countries, compared with just 12 percent in a wealthy country such as Canada, according to statistics from the Global Task Force on Expanded Access to Cancer Care and Control in Developing Countries. That glaring disparity has mobilized a group of Harvard School of Public Health (HSPS) students. The students, together with the HSPH student government, the student group Students in Latino Public Health, and the Harvard Global Equity Initiative, have put together a half-day event to raise awareness and dispel myths about cancer as a global health issue. The event, scheduled for Friday at the School of Public Health's Kresge Building, marks World Cancer Day on Monday. As part of their commitment, students are also gathering signatures for the World Cancer Declaration by the Union for International Cancer Control, which contains a list of 11 cancer-related health priorities. "There is a lot of difference between what happens in low-income countries and what happens in high-income countries," said HSPH student Sebastián Rodríguez Llamazares. Rodriguez said the effort calls attention to the fact that cancer is a serious problem in poor nations and that steps to prevent or treat it—routine in richer countries—should be part of the global health agenda. Associate Professor of Medicine Felicia Knaul, who heads the Harvard Global Equity Initiative, which supports student World Cancer Day efforts, said there are few cancers whose outcomes are similar in both developed and developing countries. Pancreatic cancer is one, because it's equally deadly everywhere. "For every other cancer that can be treated, the outcomes are very different," said Knaul, a breast cancer survivor. There are several reasons for the disparity. People in poor countries seldom hear messages about lifestyle changes—don't smoke, eat a healthy diet, exercise—that have been shown to prevent cancer. Similarly, a vaccine that can prevent one cancer fatal to women, cervical cancer, is not widely distributed. As a result, 90 percent of cervical cancer cases are found in developing countries, Knaul said.

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