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質問

Since January French sappers in the Carency area had tunnelled 1.5 mi (2.4 km), to plant 30 long tons (30 t) of explosives in galleries under the German positions. The main French front of attack was from the chapel on the plateau of Notre Dame de Lorette Spur (Lorette spur) south to the "Labyrnthe", a network covering 2 sq mi (5.2 km2) of trenches, tunnels and dug-outs across the Arras–Lens road north of Ecurie and Roclincourt. The spur was the southern boundary of the plain north of the Béthune–La Bassée Canal, which was 6 mi (9.7 km) long and wooded in parts, except at the east end. From the north the slopes of the ridge were low but on the south side there were steep spurs separated by ravines. West of Ablain St. Nazaire (Ablain) was Spur Mathis and to the east, the Great Spur, the Arabs' Spur, the Spur of the White Way and the Spur of Souchez, which dominated the east edge of Ablain and the sugar refinery between Ablain and Souchez. By 20 March the French had worked their way up to the foot of the Great Spur and by 14 April had closed up to Ablain.
General d'Urbal was appointed to the command of the Tenth Army on 2 April, which had six infantry corps, a cavalry corps and three divisions in reserve. On the right (southern) flank was X Corps with the 19th and 20th divisions, the XVII Corps to the left with the 34th and 33rd divisions, XX Corps with the 11th and 39th divisions, XXXIII Corps with the Moroccan, 70th and 77th divisions, XXI Corps with the 13th and 43rd divisions and IX Corps with the 92nd Territorial Division and the 17th and 58th divisions, covering the ground up to the British First Army 15 mi (24 km) to the north. The IX Corps and XX Corps had been relieved by the British in Flanders and moved south from 9 to 16 April, although the IX Corps headquarters and the 18th, 152nd and 153rd divisions had to be rushed up to Flanders after the German gas attack at the Second Battle of Ypres (21 April – 25 May). Artillery reinforcements increased the quantity of heavy artillery to 293 guns and field artillery to 1,075 guns. Increased production of ammunition had not kept pace with demand and the French artillery remained short of high explosive shells; poor quality ammunition also caused a large number of premature detonations in French artillery. The Tenth Army was to attack on a 9.3 mi (15 km) front, the main attack being made in the centre by the XVII, XX and XXXIII corps on a 6.2 mi (10 km) front, with supporting attacks along the spur south of Bailleul Sire Berthoult and by the XXI Corps with two divisions along the Notre-Dame de Lorette spur. The main attack was to capture Vimy Ridge and then consolidate to prevent German counter-attacks from recapturing the heights.

回答No.1

Nakay702 · ベストアンサー

＞Since January French sappers in the Carency area had tunnelled 1.5 mi (2.4 km), to plant 30 long tons (30 t) of explosives in galleries under the German positions. The main French front of attack was from the chapel on the plateau of Notre Dame de Lorette Spur (Lorette spur) south to the "Labyrnthe", a network covering 2 sq mi (5.2 km2) of trenches, tunnels and dug-outs across the Arras–Lens road north of Ecurie and Roclincourt. The spur was the southern boundary of the plain north of the Béthune–La Bassée Canal, which was 6 mi (9.7 km) long and wooded in parts, except at the east end.
⇒1月以降、カレンシー地域のフランス軍工兵が1.5マイル（2.4キロ）のトンネルを掘り、ドイツ軍の陣地にある地下道に30英トン（30トン）の爆薬を埋め込んだ。フランス軍の攻撃用主要戦線（の領域）は、ノートルダム・ド・ロレット山脚（ロレット山麓）の高台にある礼拝堂から南にかけてエクリーやロクランクール北のアラス‐レンズ道を横切って2平方マイル（5.2平方キロ）の塹壕、トンネル、待避壕などを覆うネットワーク「ラビルンテ（迷宮）」までであった。この山脚は、ベテューン‐ラ・バセ運河北の平野の南側境界線で、長さ6マイル（9.7キロ）にわたっていて東端以外では部分的に樹木が茂っていた。

＞From the north the slopes of the ridge were low but on the south side there were steep spurs separated by ravines. West of Ablain St. Nazaire (Ablain) was Spur Mathis and to the east, the Great Spur, the Arabs' Spur, the Spur of the White Way and the Spur of Souchez, which dominated the east edge of Ablain and the sugar refinery between Ablain and Souchez. By 20 March the French had worked their way up to the foot of the Great Spur and by 14 April had closed up to Ablain.
⇒尾根の斜面は北側ではなだらかに下るが、南側には渓谷によって区切られた急峻な山脚があった。アブレン西のサン・ナゼール（アブレン）はマティス山脚であり、その東側にはグレート山脚、アラブズ山脚、ホワイト・ウェイ山脚、そしてスーシェ山脚があって、アブレン東端およびアブレンとスーシェの間の砂糖精製場を見下ろしていた。3月20日ごろフランス軍はグレート山脚の裾野まで進み、4月14日までにアブレンへ接近した。

＞General d'Urbal was appointed to the command of the Tenth Army on 2 April, which had six infantry corps, a cavalry corps and three divisions in reserve. On the right (southern) flank was X Corps with the 19th and 20th divisions, the XVII Corps to the left with the 34th and 33rd divisions, XX Corps with the 11th and 39th divisions, XXXIII Corps with the Moroccan, 70th and 77th divisions, XXI Corps with the 13th and 43rd divisions and IX Corps with the 92nd Territorial Division and the 17th and 58th divisions, covering the ground up to the British First Army 15 mi (24 km) to the north.
⇒ドゥルバル将軍は、4月2日に、第6歩兵軍団、騎兵軍団、予備軍の3個師団を擁する第10方面軍の指揮官に任命された。右（南）側面には第19・第20師団の第X軍団、左側面に第34・第33師団の第XVII軍団、第11・第39師団の第XX軍団、モロッコ師団と第70・第77師団の第XXXIII軍団、第13・第43師団の第XXI軍団、および第92国防義勇軍師団と第17・第58師団の第IX軍団が、北15マイル（24キロ）の英国第1方面軍までの地面をカバーしていた。

＞The IX Corps and XX Corps had been relieved by the British in Flanders and moved south from 9 to 16 April, although the IX Corps headquarters and the 18th, 152nd and 153rd divisions had to be rushed up to Flanders after the German gas attack at the Second Battle of Ypres (21 April – 25 May). Artillery reinforcements increased the quantity of heavy artillery to 293 guns and field artillery to 1,075 guns. Increased production of ammunition had not kept pace with demand and the French artillery remained short of high explosive shells; poor quality ammunition also caused a large number of premature detonations in French artillery.
⇒第IX軍団と第XX軍団は、フランドルの英国軍の救援を受けて、4月9日から16日に南に移動したが、「第二次イープルの戦い」（4月21日‐５月25日）でのドイツ軍によるガス攻撃の後、第IX軍団本部、第18・第152・第153師団はフランドルに突進しなければならなかった。砲兵の強化により、重砲の数が293門に、野戦砲の数が1,075門に増加した。（それでも）弾薬の生産量の増加は需要に追いつかず、フランス軍の砲兵隊は高性能の砲弾を欠いていた。弾薬の質の低さのせいで、フランス軍の大砲で多数の異常爆発が引き起こされた。

＞The Tenth Army was to attack on a 9.3 mi (15 km) front, the main attack being made in the centre by the XVII, XX and XXXIII corps on a 6.2 mi (10 km) front, with supporting attacks along the spur south of Bailleul Sire Berthoult and by the XXI Corps with two divisions along the Notre-Dame de Lorette spur. The main attack was to capture Vimy Ridge and then consolidate to prevent German counter-attacks from recapturing the heights.
⇒第10方面軍は9.3マイル（15キロ）の前線で攻撃することになっていたが、主要な攻撃は中心部で、6.2マイル（10キロ）の前線で第XVII、第XXおよび第XXXIII軍団の支援攻撃がベユル・シル・ベルツールの南山脚に沿って行われ、またノートル-ダム・ド・ロレット山脚に沿って第XXI軍団の2個師団の支援攻撃が行われた。主要攻撃隊がヴィミー・リッジを攻略し、ドイツ軍の反撃による高地の奪回を防ぐために、それを強化した。

お礼

回答ありがとうございました。