Casualties and Operations in the Battle of Ypres

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  • A summary of the Battle of Ypres in World War I, including casualties and subsequent operations.
  • The Battle of Ypres resulted in significant casualties for all parties involved, including the Belgians, British, French, and Germans.
  • Following the initial battle, subsequent operations took place in the Ypres area, with the reorganisation of the defence of Flanders and a series of attacks on the Western Front.
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In 1986, Unruh, wrote that 40,761 students had been enrolled in six reserve corps, four of which had been sent to Flanders, leaving a maximum of 30 percent of the reserve corps operating in Flanders made up of volunteers. Only 30 percent of German casualties at Ypres were young and inexperienced student reservists, others being active soldiers, older members of the Landwehr and army reservists. Reserve Infantry Regiment 211 had 166 men in active service, 299 members of the reserve, which was composed of former soldiers from 23–28 years old, 970 volunteers who were inexperienced and probably 18–20 years old, 1,499 Landwehr (former soldiers from 28–39 years old, released from the reserve) and one Ersatzreservist (enrolled but inexperienced). Casualties In 1925, Edmonds recorded that the Belgians had suffered a great number of casualties from 15–25 October, including 10,145 wounded. British casualties from 14 October – 30 November were 58,155, French losses were 86,237 men and of 134,315 German casualties in Belgium and northern France, from 15 October – 24 November, 46,765 losses were incurred on the front from the Lys to Gheluvelt, from 30 October – 24 November. In 2003, Beckett recorded 50,000–85,000 French casualties, 21,562 Belgian casualties, 55,395 British losses and 134,315 German casualties. In 2010, Sheldon recorded 54,000 British casualties, c. 80,000 German casualties, that the French had many losses and that the Belgian army had been reduced to a shadow. Sheldon also noted that Colonel Fritz von Lossberg had recorded that up to 3 November, casualties in the 4th Army were 62,000 men and that the 6th Army had lost 27,000 men, 17,250 losses of which had occurred in Armeegruppe Fabeck from 30 October – 3 November. Subsequent operations Main article: Winter operations 1914–1915 Winter operations from November 1914 to February 1915 in the Ypres area, took place in the Attack on Wytschaete (14 December). A reorganisation of the defence of Flanders had been carried out by the Franco-British from 15–22 November, which left the BEF holding a homogeneous front from Givenchy to Wytschaete 21 mi (34 km) to the north. Joffre arranged for a series of attacks on the Western Front, after receiving information that German divisions were moving to the Russian Front. The Eighth Army was ordered to attack in Flanders and French was asked to participate with the BEF on 14 December. Joffre wanted the British to attack along all of the BEF front and especially from Warneton to Messines, as the French attacked from Wytschaete to Hollebeke. French gave orders to attack from the Lys to Warneton and Hollebeke with II and III Corps, as IV and Indian corps conducted local operations, to fix the Germans to their front.

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＞In 1986, Unruh, wrote ～ Ersatzreservist (enrolled but inexperienced). ⇒1986年に、ウンルフは、40,761人の学生が6個の予備軍団に入隊し、そのうち4個がフランドルに送られ、フランドルで活動している予備軍団の最大30％が志願兵で構成されている、と書いた。イープルでのドイツ軍死傷者のうち若くて経験の浅い学生予備役は30％だけでその他は現役の兵士、ランドヴェル（後備軍）の高齢者、方面軍予備隊であった。第211予備歩兵連隊では166人の現役兵士が活動しているが、（その他の）23‐28歳の元兵士からなる予備隊299人、経験の浅い、おそらく18‐20歳の志願兵からなる970人、ランドヴェル（28‐39歳の予備隊上がりの元兵士）の1,499人、およびエルサッツレゼルビスト（登録されているが経験の浅い補欠予備兵）の1人、が配属されていた。 ＞Casualties 　In 1925, Edmonds recorded ～ from 30 October – 3 November. ⇒死傷者 　1925年、ベルギー軍は10月15日から25日までに負傷した10,145人を含み多数の犠牲を被ったとエドモンズは記録している。10月14日－11月30日の英国軍の死傷者は58,155人、フランス軍の損失は86,237人、11月15日－11月24日のベルギーやフランス北部におけるドイツ軍の死傷者は134,315人で、リースからゲルベルトまでの前線では10月30日－11月24日に46,765人の損失を被った。2003年、ベケットはフランス軍の死傷者50,000人－85,000人、ベルギー軍の死傷者21,562人、英国軍の損失55,395人、およびドイツ軍の死傷者134,315人を記録した。2010年、シェルドンは英国軍の死傷者54,000人、ドイツ軍の死傷者約80,000人を記録し、フランス軍が多くの損失を被り、ベルギー軍は影ばかりになった、と記録した。シェルドンはまた、フリッツ・フォン・ロスベルク大佐が、11月3日までの第4方面軍の死傷者は62,000人であり、第6方面軍は27,000人の兵を失い、そのうち17,250人が10月30日－11月3日に死亡したと記録した、と注記している。 ＞Subsequent operations　Main article: Winter operations 1914–1915 　Winter operations from November ～ the Germans to their front. ⇒後続の作戦　主要記事：1914年－1915年の冬季作戦行動 　1914年11月－1915年2月のイープル地域における冬季作戦行動は、「ウィツシェトの攻撃」（12月14日）となって出来（しゅったい）した。11月15日から22日にかけて仏英軍によってフランドル防衛隊の再編が行われ、ジバンシーから北へ34キロ（21マイル）のウィツシェトまで同質の戦線を確保した。ジョフルは、ドイツ軍の数個師団がロシア前線に移動しているという情報を受けて、西部前線への一連の攻撃を手配した。第8方面軍がフランドルでの攻撃を命じられ、フランス軍は12月14日にBEFに参加するよう求められた。フランス軍がウィツシェトからホルベクにかけて攻撃していたとき、ジョフルは、英国軍がBEFの全前線に沿って、特にワルネトンからメシーヌまで攻撃することを望んだ。フレンチは、ドイツ軍を彼らの前線に固定するため、第IV軍団とインド軍団が局地の作戦行動を遂行するのに合わせて、リースからワルネトンとホルベクにかけて布陣する第II軍団と第III軍団への攻撃を命じた。

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