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質問

A battalion was detached to the 12th Brigade at Le Gheer during the move. Only one battalion was available, because of the need to send battalions to weak points in the line, since the corps was holding a 12 mi (19 km) line, while under attack by two German corps. At 5:15 a.m. under cover of the morning mist, the Germans attacked the 12th Brigade at Le Gheer and overran the defences of a battalion on the left, that retreated for 400 yd (370 m). When established in Le Gheer, the German infantry fired on the British defences to the south, nearly caused a panic and outflanked the Cavalry Corps to the north from St Yves to Messines. A counter-attack was made just after 9:00 a.m. by one battalion and two squadrons of lancers, which drove back the Germans and inflicted many losses, regaining the captured trench, except near the village of Le Touquet. Forty-five British prisoners were liberated and 134 German prisoners taken. More attacks were made to complete the recapture of the rest of the trench during the day and at dusk two companies succeeded, the 12th Brigade losing 468 casualties in the fighting. German infantry made demonstrations on the rest of the 4th Division front into the night but did not attack again. Concern at General Headquarters about the state of the Cavalry Corps to the north, led to III Corps being ordered to provide reinforcements and two infantry companies and part of an engineer company were sent to Messines in the afternoon. The 12th Brigade moved its left boundary from the Lys to the Warnave stream near Ploegsteert Wood and the 11th Brigade took over part of the wood, which shortened the Cavalry Corps line by 1 mi (1.6 km). Despite frequent bombardment, no German attacks were made on the 6th Division front during the day, then at 6:00 p.m. the centre of the division was attacked by Reserve Infantry Regiment 122 of the 25th Reserve Division, which was repulsed. German infantry seen alighting from trains on the La Vallée–Armentières line were engaged with machine-gun fire and German field artillery firing from near Ennetières were driven off.

British officers with French 75 at Bas Maesnil, 21 October
On the southern flank of III Corps around Fromelles, the 19th Brigade and the French cavalry took over, with the British occupying the north end of the gap between II and III corps from Le Maisnil to Fromelles and the French from the south of the village to Aubers and the junction with the 3rd Division. Around 11:00 a.m. German artillery began to bombard Le Maisnil as part of an attack on II Corps to the south. In the afternoon the village was attacked until nightfall, when a gap was forced in the Anglo-French defences and the defenders of Le Maisnil withdrew about 1,200 yd (1,100 m) to a reserve position at Bas Mesnil, leaving behind 300 men who were taken prisoner, including their wounded.

回答No.1

Nakay702 · ベストアンサー

＞A battalion was detached ～ from St Yves to Messines.
⇒（北への）移動中にル・ゲールの第12旅団内に1個大隊の分遣隊が派遣された。戦線中の弱い複数地点に数個大隊を送る必要があるので1個大隊しか用立てられなかったのである。それというのも、2個のドイツ軍団による攻撃を受けている間、当軍団は12マイル（19キロ）の戦線を保持していたからであった。朝の霧に包まれた午前5時15分、ドイツ軍はル・ゲールで第12旅団を攻撃して左翼の守備大隊を蹂躙し、400ヤード（370 m）後退させた。ドイツ軍歩兵隊がル・ゲールに設立された時、英国軍の南防御隊に発砲してパニック状態を引き起こし、サン・イーヴからメシーヌまでの北側で騎兵隊の側面を包囲した。

＞A counter-attack was made ～ Messines in the afternoon.
⇒午前9時過ぎの直後、歩兵1個大隊と槍騎兵2個大隊による反撃が行われ、ドイツ軍を襲撃して多くの損害を与えた。45人の英国軍囚人が解放され、134人のドイツ軍囚人が捕縛された。日中に残りの塹壕の奪還を完了するためさらに攻撃が行われ、夕暮れ時には2個中隊が成功したが、第12旅団はこの戦闘で468人の犠牲者を失った。ドイツ軍歩兵隊は夜にかけて第4師団前線の残り部分で示威活動を行ったが、再び攻撃することはなかった。北部方面の騎兵隊の状態に関する総司令部の懸念は、第III軍団が増援隊を提供するように命じられる状況につながり、それで歩兵2個中隊と工兵1個中隊の一部が午後メシーヌに派遣された。

＞The 12th Brigade moved ～ Ennetières were driven off.
⇒第12旅団は左翼の境界部隊をリィスからプロエグステート・ウッド近くのワルナベ川に移動し、第11旅団は森の一部を引き継ぎ、それによって騎兵隊の戦線が1マイル（1.6キロ）短くなった。頻繁な砲撃にもかかわらず、その日の日中は第6師団へのドイツ軍の攻撃は行われなかった。その後午後6時、師団の中央部隊が（前に）撃退した第25予備師団の予備歩兵連隊第122隊に攻撃された。ラ・ヴァレー‐アルマンティエール線の列車から降りるのが見られたドイツ軍歩兵隊と機関銃射撃で交戦したが、エネティエール近郊からのドイツ軍野戦砲兵は追い返された。

＞British officers with French 75 at Bas Maesnil, 21 October
　On the southern flank ～ including their wounded.
⇒□バ・マエスニルでの英国軍とフランス軍将校75人、10月21日
　フロメイェ周辺の第III軍団の南側（地帯）は、第19旅団とフランス騎兵隊に引き継がれた。英国軍がル・メニルからフロメイェまでの第II軍と第III軍団の間の北端を占め、そしてこの地の南からオベールまで、および第3師団との交差地点をフランス軍が占めた。午前11時ごろ、ドイツ軍の砲兵隊が南の第II軍団への攻撃の一環としてル・メニルを砲撃し始めた。午後、村は日暮れまで攻撃されたが、その時仏英防衛隊の守備に隙間ができ、ル・メニルの守備陣は、負傷者を含んで捕縛された囚人300人を残してバ・メニル（低地メニル）の予備陣地約まで1,200 ヤード（1,100 m）後退した。

お礼

回答ありがとうございました。