The Battle at Beersheba

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  • The Battle at Beersheba was a significant event during World War I.
  • Despite initial success, the Turks launched a counterattack, delaying the British advance.
  • The British eventually captured Beersheba, leading to the capture of Jerusalem.
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Despite this success, the Turks did launch a counterattack, ten miles to the north of Beersheba, at Tel el Khuweilfeh, a dominating hill that also commanded a water supply. Fighting continued here from 2 November until the Turks were forced to pull back by the general retreat further west. This fighting, and a water shortage at Beersheba, delayed the second phase of the attack until 6 November. It also restricted the routes available for the cavalry when they came to make their attempts to cut off the Turkish retreat. The Turkish left consisted of a series of fortified positions protecting Sheria, running from Hareira, to Rushdi and then to Kauwukah at the east of the line. The British attack began at 5 a.m. on 6 November. By 4.30pm the eastern two positions had been captured. Hareira and Sheria itself fell early on 7 November. With their left broken, on 7 November the Turks pulled out of Gaza. That day XXI corps on the British left occupied the town. The cavalry envelopment failed to develop as hoped, despite a determined pursuit that lasted until 9 November. Even so, 10,000 Turkish prisoners were taken during the chase, probably somewhere around 25-33% of their total force. The British advance continued into December, and on 9 December captured Jerusalem. The Battle at Beersheba The Light Horse Charge at Beersheba "Then Abraham reproved Abimelech because of a well of water which Abimelech's servants had seized... And he said, You will take these seven ewe lambs from my hand, that they may be my witness that I have dug this well. Therefore he called that place Beersheba, because the two of them swore an oath there." Genesis chapter 21 verses 25 -31   See also Beersheba, a genuine photograph of the charge? See also Photographs of Australian Light Horse going into action at Beersheba.    The village of BIR SABA lay on the northern edge of the Sinai Desert in a shallow saucer at the foot of the judean Hills, Beerhseba was protected by Tel El Saba, a 300 metre feature on the northern bank of the Wadi Saba 3 kilometres to the east. It was a great mound which had a commanding view of the surrounding plain.   The Battle at Beersheba ベエルシェバの戦い

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＞Despite this success, the Turks did launch a counterattack, ten miles to the north of Beersheba, at Tel el Khuweilfeh, a dominating hill that also commanded a water supply. Fighting continued here from 2 November until the Turks were forced to pull back by the general retreat further west. This fighting, and a water shortage at Beersheba, delayed the second phase of the attack until 6 November. It also restricted the routes available for the cavalry when they came to make their attempts to cut off the Turkish retreat. ⇒この成功にもかかわらず、トルコ軍は、ベールシェバの10マイル北の給水を支配する丘でもあるテル・エル・クウェルフェにあって、反撃を開始することはなかった。戦いは、11月2日からトルコ軍が総撤退によってさらに西へ退却することを強制されるまで、ここで続いた。この戦いとベールシェバでの水不足で、攻撃の第2局面は11月6日まで延期された。騎兵隊がトルコ軍の退却路を断とうとする企ての段では、彼らにとっても利用可能なルートは限定された。 ＞The Turkish left consisted of a series of fortified positions protecting Sheria, running from Hareira, to Rushdi and then to Kauwukah at the east of the line. The British attack began at 5 a.m. on 6 November. By 4.30pm the eastern two positions had been captured. Hareira and Sheria itself fell early on 7 November. ⇒トルコ軍の左翼は、戦線の東でハレイラからラシュディへ、それからさらにカウウカフまで走って、シェリーアを保護する一連の強化陣地から成っていた。英国軍の攻撃は11月6日午前5時に始まった。午後4時30分までに、東の2か所の陣地が攻略された。ハレイラとシェリーア自体はいち早く、11月7日に陥落した。 ＞With their left broken, on 7 November the Turks pulled out of Gaza. That day XXI corps on the British left occupied the town. The cavalry envelopment failed to develop as hoped, despite a determined pursuit that lasted until 9 November. Even so, 10,000 Turkish prisoners were taken during the chase, probably somewhere around 25-33% of their total force. The British advance continued into December, and on 9 December captured Jerusalem. ⇒トルコ軍は、11月7日に彼らの左翼が壊されたのをもって、ガザから出ていった。その日に、英国軍左翼の第XXI軍団が町を占拠した。騎兵の包囲は、11月9日まで続いた決定的な追跡にもかかわらず、望んだような展開をすることに失敗した。そうではあっても、追跡の間に、たぶん軍団全体の約25－33%に当たる10,000人のトルコ軍囚人が捕縛された。英国軍の進軍は12月に入るまで続き、12月9日にエルサレムを攻略した。 ＞The Battle at Beersheba 　The Light Horse Charge at Beersheba "Then Abraham reproved Abimelech because of a well of water which Abimelech's servants had seized... And he said, You will take these seven ewe lambs from my hand, that they may be my witness that I have dug this well. Therefore he called that place Beersheba, because the two of them swore an oath there." Genesis chapter 21 verses 25 -31* ⇒「ベールシェバの戦い」　ベールシェバにおける軽騎兵隊の突撃 「その時、アブラハムは、アビメレチの使用人が掴んだ水の井戸のためにアビメレチを咎めた…。そして、彼はこう言った。あなたはこれらの雌の7匹の子ヒツジを私の手から取るだろうが、それらは、私がこの井戸を掘ったことを証言する者かも知れない。従って、そこで、彼らの2人が誓いを立てたので、彼はその場所をベールシェバと呼んだ」。創世記21章詩句25-31* ＊「アブラハムは、アビメレクとその軍勢の家来たちが、水の井戸を奪い取ったことについてアビメレクを責めた…。（中略）アブラハムは言った。『あなたは私の手からこれらの雌の子羊7頭を受け取って、私がこの井戸を掘ったことの証拠としてください』。これによってその場所をベエルシバと名づけた」。（日本聖書協会『旧約聖書』24～25ページ） ＞See also Beersheba, a genuine photograph of the charge?　See also Photographs of Australian Light Horse going into action at Beersheba. The village of BIR SABA lay on the northern edge of the Sinai Desert in a shallow saucer at the foot of the judean Hills, Beerhseba (→Beersheba?) was protected by Tel El Saba, a 300 metre feature on the northern bank of the Wadi Saba 3 kilometres to the east. It was a great mound which had a commanding view of the surrounding plain. ⇒ベールシェバ、突撃の実物写真も参照されたい。　また、ベールシェバで活動中のオーストラリア軽騎兵隊の写真も参照されたい。 「ビル・サバ」の村は、シナイ半島砂漠の北の縁、ユダヤの丘のふもとの浅い盆地にあり、ベールシェバは、東に3キロのワジ・サバ北岸にある300メートルの（隆起）地形、テル・エル・サバによって守られていた。それは、周囲を見下ろす眺望を得られる大きな塚であった。

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  • お手数ですが、次の英文を訳して下さい。

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    Course of the battle At 21:45 on the night of 27 September, the infantry advance began with a march to the Mushaid Ridge, which they occupied with little opposition. Instead of continuing along the river bank, however, the 12th and 42nd Indian Brigades swung left to the Euphrates Valley Canal between the Euphrates and Lake Habbaniyah. They secured the dam across the canal by 15:00 on 28 September. Their advance in the intense heat was made possible by a water supply chain that Brooking had established using 350 Ford vans, which transported over 63,000 litres (14,000 gallons) of water on 28 September alone. Meanwhile, the 6th Cavalry Brigade had ridden across the desert to the south and west of Ramadi and reached the road 8 km (5 miles) west of the town by 16:00, where they dug in to block any Turkish retreat. With artillery support, British forces advanced up two ridges to the south of Ramadi in the face of Turkish machine gun, rifle and artillery fire. Both were taken by the early afternoon of 28 September. The garrison's last escape route was now the Aziziya Bridge just to the west of Ramadi and, as the battle continued into the night under bright moonlight, a column of Turkish infantry sought to fight its way out of the trap at 03:00 on 29 September. Heavy British machine gun and artillery fire repelled them and drove the survivors back to Ramadi after an hour and half of fighting. The 39th Garhwal Rifles attacked the bridge, charging Turkish guns firing over open sights, and took it by 07:30 despite suffering heavy casualties; only 100 men from the three assaulting companies made it through. The Garhwali advance convinced the Turkish defenders that the battle was lost. At 09:15, large numbers of Turks began surrendering to the Garhwalis at the bridge; by 09:30, as the rest of the British force advanced towards the mud walls of Ramadi, "white flags went up all along the enemy's line". By 11:00 the Turkish commander, Ahmed Bey, and the rest of the garrison had surrendered. The Turkish surrender came just in time, as a powerful sandstorm began shortly afterwards which reduced visibility to a few metres; had it struck earlier, the garrison could easily have slipped away.

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