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質問

After crossing the flooded Broembeek at the confluence with the Steenbeek near St Jean, just before the point where the Steenbeek becomes the St Jansbeek, through a wide and shallow depression filled with mud, the 2e Division d'Infanterie captured the villages of St Jean, Veldhoek and Mangelaere on the outskirts of the forest and drove back the Germans from several fortified farms and pillboxes. The average depth of the advance was 1.25 mi (2.01 km) and was accomplished in four hours, despite the ground conditions, with fewer than 500 casualties; I Corps took 300 prisoners. Despite rain, low cloud and high winds, French airmen had flown low, strafed German infantry and carried out tactical reconnaissance. On the right of the French, the British Guards Division co-operated in the capture of Koekuit, having also had to cross the mud of the Broembeek. German counter-attacks recovered a strong point on at the north end of the French attack front, until a local counter-attack by the French recovered the position. On the left flank of the Franco-British offensive, complete success had been gained and the troops were able to consolidate their positions. The bright dry weather at Ypres during September ended and high winds, rain and low cloud obscured the battlefield on 4 October. Heavy rain fell on 7 and 8 October and severely hampered air operations and no artillery observation was achieved by the British from 5–9 October. German artillery behind the Passchendaele Ridge and Gheluvelt Plateau was not detected and very little British counter-battery fire was achieved. Wire cutting by the artillery which did get into action was inadequate, in the areas where there was no ground observation. Little flying was attempted during 9 October but II and V brigade aircrews, managed fifteen contact and seventeen counter-attack patrols at very low level. The progress of the attack was reported with some accuracy and 354 zone calls were made against German artillery and parties of infantry, 21 German artillery batteries were engaged for destruction and 33 for neutralisation.

回答No.1

Nakay702 · ベストアンサー

＞After crossing the flooded Broembeek at the confluence with the Steenbeek near St Jean, just before the point where the Steenbeek becomes the St Jansbeek, through a wide and shallow depression filled with mud, the 2e Division d'Infanterie captured the villages of St Jean, Veldhoek and Mangelaere on the outskirts of the forest and drove back the Germans from several fortified farms and pillboxes. The average depth of the advance was 1.25 mi (2.01 km) and was accomplished in four hours, despite the ground conditions, with fewer than 500 casualties; I Corps took 300 prisoners.
⇒氾濫したブルームベークは、サン・ジーンの近くでシュテーンベークと合流するが、それはシュテーンベーク（小川）がサン・ヤンスベーク（大川）になる直前の地点である。フランス軍の第2歩兵師団は、泥に満たされた広く浅いその窪地を横切って森林郊外のサン・ジーン、ヴェルデホーク、およびマンジェレーレの各村を攻略し、強化された幾つかの農場とピルボックスからドイツ軍を追い出した。進軍の平均的な深さは1.25マイル（2.01キロ）であり、地面の悪条件にもかかわらず、死傷者数500人以下で、4時間で完遂された。第I軍団は300人の囚人を捕縛した。

＞Despite rain, low cloud and high winds, French airmen had flown low, strafed German infantry and carried out tactical reconnaissance. On the right of the French, the British Guards Division co-operated in the capture of Koekuit, having also had to cross the mud of the Broembeek. German counter-attacks recovered a strong point on at the north end of the French attack front, until a local counter-attack by the French recovered the position.
⇒雨、低い雲、強風にもかかわらず、フランス軍の飛行士は低空飛行してドイツ軍歩兵隊を機銃掃射し、戦術のための斥候調査を実行した。フランス軍の右翼では、英国軍護衛師団がコエクイト攻略のために協力していたが、彼らもブルームベークの泥地を横切らなければならなかった。ドイツの反撃は、フランス軍の攻撃前線の北端に強化地点を続けて回復したが、結局は、フランス軍が局地の反撃でその陣地をまた回復した。

＞On the left flank of the Franco-British offensive, complete success had been gained and the troops were able to consolidate their positions. The bright dry weather at Ypres during September ended and high winds, rain and low cloud obscured the battlefield on 4 October. Heavy rain fell on 7 and 8 October and severely hampered air operations and no artillery observation was achieved by the British from 5–9 October. German artillery behind the Passchendaele Ridge and Gheluvelt Plateau was not detected and very little British counter-battery fire was achieved.
⇒仏英国軍の左側面では、完全な成功が得られて、軍隊は自軍の陣地を強化統合することができた。9月の間のイープルの明るく乾燥した天候は終わり、強風、雨、低い雲が10月4日の戦場を覆い隠した。激しい雨が10月7日、8日と降り、航空作戦行動は厳しく妨げられ、英国軍による砲兵隊の観察は、10月5日－9日は全然達成されなかった。パッシェンデール・リッジとゲルヴェルト高原背後のドイツ軍の大砲は検出されず、英国軍の反撃砲火はほとんど達成されなかった。

＞Wire cutting by the artillery which did get into action was inadequate, in the areas where there was no ground observation. Little flying was attempted during 9 October but II and V brigade aircrews, managed fifteen contact and seventeen counter-attack patrols at very low level. The progress of the attack was reported with some accuracy and 354 zone calls were made against German artillery and parties of infantry, 21 German artillery batteries were engaged for destruction and 33 for neutralisation.
⇒砲兵隊による通信線切断は、地面観察が全然なかった地域では不十分であった。わずかな飛行が10月9日に試みられたけれども、第II、第V旅団の飛行隊は15回の接触パトロールおよび17回の反撃パトロールを何とか行ったが、いずれも極めて低レベルの試みであった。攻撃の進軍は幾分精度よく報告されて、354か所の地帯でドイツ軍砲兵隊や歩兵分隊に対する（攻撃）召集がかけられたが、それはドイツ軍砲兵隊と交戦して21個中隊を破壊し、33個中隊を無力化するためであった。

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