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質問

A cavalry division was given to each army, to operate with the reserve divisions, two tank battalions were attached to the Second Army and a tank brigade to the Fifth Army to exploit the firmer going, should the advances take place. In the early morning of 4 October, news arrived at British Headquarters (HQ) of the great success of the attack. Brigadier-General Charteris, Chief Intelligence Officer at General Headquarters, was sent from Haig's Advanced HQ to the Second Army HQ to discuss a possible exploitation. Plumer did not agree that exploitation was possible, because eight more uncommitted German divisions were behind the battlefield and there were another six beyond them; Plumer preferred to wait until the expected German counter-attacks that day had been defeated. German artillery fire was still heavy and the Flandern II and Flandern III Stellungen (defence lines) behind the attack front could be occupied by the fresh German divisions. An attack on these defensive lines would need close artillery support, which would be impossible because the British artillery was behind a severely battered strip of muddy ground 2 mi (3.2 km) wide. As the magnitude of the victory became apparent, Plumer had second thoughts but by 2:00 p.m., accepted that the moment had passed. On the Fifth Army front, an attempt to get further forward was ordered by Gough and then cancelled, after a local German counter-attack was reported to have pushed the 4th Division off 19 Metre Hill.
Rain fell again on 4 October, continued on 5 and 6 October then became a downpour on 7 October. On 5 October, General Birdwood commander of I Anzac Corps told Plumer that the exploitation would not be possible, as the Corps light railway and the Westhoek to Zonnebeke road could not carry forward all the artillery necessary. On 7 October Haig cancelled the exploitation attack to the second objectives (red line), intended for the afternoon of 9 October. The rain stopped that night and the ground began to dry on 8 October, until late afternoon when another downpour began. From 4–9 October, over 30 millimetres (1.2 in) of rain fell, in a month when average rainfall was 75 millimetres (3.0 in).

回答No.1

Nakay702 · ベストアンサー

＞A cavalry division was given to each army, to operate with the reserve divisions, two tank battalions were attached to the Second Army and a tank brigade to the Fifth Army to exploit the firmer going, should the advances take place. In the early morning of 4 October, news arrived at British Headquarters (HQ) of the great success of the attack. Brigadier-General Charteris, Chief Intelligence Officer at General Headquarters, was sent from Haig's Advanced HQ to the Second Army HQ to discuss a possible exploitation.
⇒各方面軍は、数個予備師団と作戦行動をともにするために騎兵隊1個師団が与えられていた。第2方面軍には2個の戦車大隊が配属され、第5方面軍には1個の戦車旅団が配属されていた。進軍の必要が起こったときに、よりしっかり通路状態を開発するためであった。10月4日の早朝に、攻撃大成功のニュースが英国軍本部（HQ）に着いた。総司令部の諜報局長官チャータリス准将は、可能な開発利用を議論するために、ヘイグの前進本部から第2方面軍本部へ出向いた。

＞Plumer did not agree that exploitation was possible, because eight more uncommitted German divisions were behind the battlefield and there were another six beyond them; Plumer preferred to wait until the expected German counter-attacks that day had been defeated. German artillery fire was still heavy and the Flandern II and Flandern III Stellungen (defence lines) behind the attack front could be occupied by the fresh German divisions.
⇒プルマーは、未参戦のドイツ軍8個師団が戦場背後にあり、別の6個師団がその向こうに控えていたので、開発利用が可能であることに合意しなかった。プルマーはむしろ、その日に予想されたドイツ軍の反撃が敗退するまで待機することを望んだ。（しかし）ドイツ軍の大砲火はまだ重く、攻撃前線のフランドル第I、第III陣地（防御戦線）は、活気あるドイツ軍師団によって占拠されている可能性があった。

＞An attack on these defensive lines would need close artillery support, which would be impossible because the British artillery was behind a severely battered strip of muddy ground 2 mi (3.2 km) wide. As the magnitude of the victory became apparent, Plumer had second thoughts but by 2:00 p.m., accepted that the moment had passed. On the Fifth Army front, an attempt to get further forward was ordered by Gough and then cancelled, after a local German counter-attack was reported to have pushed the 4th Division off 19 Metre Hill.
⇒これらの防御戦線への攻撃には、近くからの大砲支援が必要であったが、英国軍の野戦砲は、厳しく砲撃乱打された幅2マイル（3.2キロ）のどろどろした傾斜地の背後にあったので、それは不可能だった。勝利の大きさのほどが明白になったので、プルマーは第2の考えを抱いたが、それを着想した午後2時までに時宜は過ぎ去っていた。第5方面軍前線では、さらに前方を取る試みがゴフによって命じられたが、局地ドイツ軍の反撃の後、19メートル・ヒルから第4師団が立ち去ったと報告された後に中止された。

＞Rain fell again on 4 October, continued on 5 and 6 October then became a downpour on 7 October. On 5 October, General Birdwood commander of I Anzac Corps told Plumer that the exploitation would not be possible, as the Corps light railway and the Westhoek to Zonnebeke road could not carry forward all the artillery necessary. On 7 October Haig cancelled the exploitation attack to the second objectives (red line), intended for the afternoon of 9 October. The rain stopped that night and the ground began to dry on 8 October, until late afternoon when another downpour began. From 4–9 October, over 30 millimetres (1.2 in) of rain fell, in a month when average rainfall was 75 millimetres (3.0 in).
⇒10月4日、再び雨になり、10月5日、6日と続いて、10月7日はどしゃ降りになった。10月5日、第Iアンザック軍団の司令官バードウッド将軍がプルマーに、軍団の軽便鉄道やウェストホークからゾンネベケに至る道路で必要な大砲をすべて運ぶことができるわけではないので、開発利用は不可能だろうと語った。10月7日にヘイグは、第2標的（赤線部）への開発利用の攻撃を中止し、それを10月9日の午後とするつもりになった。その（7日の）夜雨がやみ、10月8日に地面は乾燥し始めたが、その日の午後遅くに別のどしゃ降りが始まった。1か月の平均降雨は75ミリ（3インチ）であったが、10月4日－9日（だけ）で30ミリ（1.2インチ）を超える降雨があった。

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回答ありがとうございました。