Understanding Omphalos: Unraveling the Paradox of Creation

このQ&Aのポイント
  • The argument that strata and fossils were created all at once with the earth, and only present an illusion of elapsed time, challenges our perception of geologic history.
  • A keen naturalist, who has devoted countless hours to studying fossils and exploring geological excursions, would find it difficult to accept that these objects of fascination might not have existed at all.
  • The paradoxical concept that the earth's features and fossils were a grand joke orchestrated by a higher power raises questions about the reliability of scientific evidence.
回答を見る
  • ベストアンサー

英文についての質問です。

To understand Omphalos, we must begin with a paradox. The argument that strata and fossils were created all at once with the earth, and only present an illusion of elapsed time, might be easier to appreciate if its author had been an urban armchair theologian with no feeling or affection for nature's works. But how could a keen naturalist, who had spent days, nay months, on geological excursions, and who had studied fossils hour after hour, learning their distinctions and memorizing their names, possibly be content with the prospect that these objects of his devoted attention had never existed--were, indeed, a kind of grand joke perpetrated upon us by the Lord of All? (Adam's navel by Stephen Jay Gould) 1) The argument that strata and fossils were created all at once with the earth, and only present an illusion of elapsed time, might be easier to appreciate if its author had been an urban armchair theologian with no feeling or affection for nature's works. might be easier to appreciateのappreciateの意味の取り方を教えてください。 認識する?高く評価する?いろいろあってピタッとくるものを選ぶのが難しいです。 また、might beの主語はThe argument that strata and fossilsですか? if its author had been an urban armchair theologian with no feeling or affection for nature's works.で、with no feeling or affection for nature's worksと言っているのはなぜですか? 2)But how could a keen naturalist, who had spent days, nay months, on geological excursions, and who had studied fossils hour after hour, learning their distinctions and memorizing their names, possibly be content with the prospect that these objects of his devoted attention had never existed--were, indeed, a kind of grand joke perpetrated upon us by the Lord of All? 長くて全体の意味を掴むのが大変なのですが、a keen naturalistが主語だと思いますが、それに対する動詞はbe contentのbeになるのでしょうか? --wereの主語は何になるのでしょうか? possiblyから英文の構造がよくわからなくなってしまいました。 どのようになっているのでしょうか? よろしくお願いいたします。

  • 英語
  • 回答数2
  • ありがとう数4

質問者が選んだベストアンサー

  • ベストアンサー
  • 16530
  • ベストアンサー率47% (260/542)
回答No.2

1) The argument that strata and fossils were created all at once with the earth, and only present an illusion of elapsed time, might be easier to appreciate if its author had been an urban armchair theologian with no feeling or affection for nature's works. might be easier to appreciateのappreciateの意味の取り方を教えてください。 認識する?高く評価する?いろいろあってピタッとくるものを選ぶのが難しいです。 → appreciateの主語は、its authorです。そのauthorは、「地層や化石は地球が作られた時にいっぺんに作られたもので、時間の経過があったかのような錯覚を与えるためだけに存在する」と言う論拠の主張者。でもしその主張者が、「都会で一室にこもった、自然のなせる技に何の感情も愛情も抱かない神学者」であったなら。 そうすると、appreciateは、意味的には理解する、評価するが近いですが、ただここではそんな引きこもりの神学者が自分自身の論拠をappreciateしているので、訳としては、「正しいと思う」「真実と考える」と言う感じになるでしょう。 また、might beの主語はThe argument that strata and fossilsですか? → The argument ですね。 if its author had been an urban armchair theologian with no feeling or affection for nature's works.で、with no feeling or affection for nature's worksと言っているのはなぜですか? → 訳はすでに上に書きましたが、ある論拠を主張する人物像を描写する中で、都会から出ることもなく、自然のなせる技に何の感情も愛情も持たない、そんな神学者を想定しています。そんな人が、地層や化石が神による作り物だと想像しても不思議じゃないと言うこと。 2)But how could a keen naturalist, who had spent days, nay months, on geological excursions, and who had studied fossils hour after hour, learning their distinctions and memorizing their names, possibly be content with the prospect that these objects of his devoted attention had never existed--were, indeed, a kind of grand joke perpetrated upon us by the Lord of All? 長くて全体の意味を掴むのが大変なのですが、a keen naturalistが主語だと思いますが、それに対する動詞はbe contentのbeになるのでしょうか? → そうです。ここでは受動態なので be content ととらえても良いと思います。 --wereの主語は何になるのでしょうか? → these objects です。 この文では、一旦、these objects of his devoted attention had never existed で文節をなしていて、-- were は一件主語無しで文節にならないのですが、--の代わりにand があればわかりやすいと思います。文の表現としてあえて、-- で間を作って、同じことを違う様に説明していると思います。 possiblyから英文の構造がよくわからなくなってしまいました。 どのようになっているのでしょうか? → 枝葉を取り除いて書き直してみますね。 How could a keen naturalist possibly be content with the prospect? 「どうして、熱意のある博物学者がそんな見解に満足することなどあり得るでしょうか?」 全体が長くなっているのは、a keen naturalist を説明するwho からname までと、the prospect を説明する that から終わりまでで、一見わかりにくいのですが構文はとてもシンプルです。the prospect の説明は、 that these objects of his devoted attention had never existed 「これら、彼(博物学者)が時間と愛情をを注いだ対象物が、存在したことなど無かったと言う」見解。それと前に説明した、並列で別の言い方でthe prospectを説明する、 --were, indeed, a kind of grand joke perpetrated upon us by the Lord of All 「実際には全能の神が私たちに施した壮大なジョークの様な物であると言う」見解。

chrleyk
質問者

お礼

ご回答ありがとうございました。 非常に詳しく英文を解説していただき、構造が正確に掴めました。 また、ご解説も英文を理解するのに助かりました。 (2つの見解のところが頭の中でよくまとまりました)

その他の回答 (1)

  • SPS700
  • ベストアンサー率46% (15295/33014)
回答No.1

1 might be easier to appreciateのappreciateの意味の取り方を教えてください。 認識する?高く評価する?いろいろあってピタッとくるものを選ぶのが難しいです。  「理解する」「わかる」でいいと思います。地球が出来た時に地層も化石も出来て、時が過ぎた、という考えは、著者が〇〇ならまだ「’理解できる」「わかる」という趣旨でしょう。 2。また、might beの主語はThe argument that strata and fossilsですか?  はい、もっと先の time までです。 3。if its author had been an urban armchair theologian with no feeling or affection for nature's works.で、with no feeling or affection for nature's worksと言っているのはなぜですか?  「自然の力がいかに大きいかということを全然感じたことのない、都会の安楽椅子(からケツをあげたこともない)理論屋ならまだしも、」ということでしょう。 4。But how could a keen naturalist, who had spent days, nay months, on geological excursions, and who had studied fossils hour after hour, learning their distinctions and memorizing their names, possibly be content with the prospect that these objects of his devoted attention had never existed--were, indeed, a kind of grand joke perpetrated upon us by the Lord of All? 長くて全体の意味を掴むのが大変なのですが、a keen naturalistが主語だと思いますが、それに対する動詞はbe contentのbeになるのでしょうか?  はい、そうです。 5。--wereの主語は何になるのでしょうか?  these objects です。 6。possiblyから英文の構造がよくわからなくなってしまいました。 どのようになっているのでしょうか?  主語: a keen naturalist, who had spent days, nay months, on geological excursions, and who had studied fossils hour after hour, learning their distinctions and memorizing their names,  副詞:possibly  動詞:be content  前置詞句:with the prospect   前置詞句の名詞の修飾節1:that these objects of his devoted attention had never existed   前置詞句の名詞の修飾節2(1の言い換え)--were, indeed, a kind of grand joke perpetrated upon us by the Lord of All? 7。愚訳  (自然の力がいかに大きいかということを全然感じたことのない、都会の安楽椅子理論屋ならまだしも)何日も、いや何ヶ月も、地質調査に出、何時間も何時間もかけて化石間の相違点や(化石の)名前の記憶に時間を費やした自然科学者が、(いったい)どうして、彼の献身の対象であったもの(=化石)は存在しなかった、いや実は、神が我々にやった大きないたずらの一種だと言えるのか?  

chrleyk
質問者

お礼

ご回答ありがとうございました。 最後に訳をいただき、ご解説と合わせて、全体的にこの英文がどういうことを言っているのかがよく理解できました。(~ならまだしも、のくだりで前半と後半の英文がつながりました)

関連するQ&A

  • 英文についての質問です。

    The ample fig leaf served our artistic forefathers well as a botanical shield against indecent exposure for Adam and Eve, our naked parents in the primeval bliss and innocence of Eden. Yet, in many ancient paintings, foliage hides more than Adam's genitalia; a wandering vine covers his navel as well. If modesty enjoined the genital shroud, a very different motive-mystery-placed a plant over his belly. In a theological debate more portentous than the old argument about angels on pinpoints, many earnest people of faith had wondered whether Adam had a navel. He was, after all, not born of a woman and required no remnant of his nonexistent umbilical cord. Yet, in creating a prototype, would not God make his first man like all the rest to follow? Would God, in other words, not create with the appearance of pre-existence? In the absence of definite guidance to resolve this vexatious issue, and not wishing to incur anyone's wrath, many painters literally hedged and covered Adam's belly. A few centuries later, as the nascent science of geology gathered evidence for the earth's enormous antiquity, some advocates of biblical literalism revived this old argument for our entire planet. The strata and their entombed fossils surely seem to represent a sequential record of countless years, but wouldn't God create his earth with the appearance of pre-existence? Why should we not believe that he created strata and fossils to give modern life a harmonious order by granting it a sensible (if illusory) past? As God provided Adam with a navel to stress continuity with future men, so too did he endow a pristine world with the appearance of an ordered history. Thus, the earth might be but a few thousand years old, as Genesis literally affirmed, and still record an apparent tale of untold eons. (Adam's navel by Stephen Jay Gould) 1) 3段落目にThe strata and their entombed fossils surely seem to represent a sequential record of countless years, but wouldn't God create his earth with the appearance of pre-existence? Why should we not believe that he created strata and fossils to give modern life a harmonious order by granting it a sensible (if illusory) past? とあるのですが、 but wouldn't God create his earth ~とWhy should we not believe that he created strata ~の個所は修辞疑問文ですか?また、この疑問文は聖書の直訳主義の一部の主唱者の意見ですか? 2) Thus, the earth might be but a few thousand years old, as Genesis literally affirmed, and still record an apparent tale of untold eons. この英文のthe earth might be but a few thousand years oldの個所のbutはどういう意味ですか? still record an apparent tale of untold eons.の言っている意味がよくわかりません。 長い文で申し訳ありません。 よろしくお願いいたします。

  • 英文訳を教えて下さい

    but that no man-made differences of class , caste,and subjection were to be added to those that nature had made.

  • 英文の質問ですm(_ _)m

    Because they had seen it all before, and had practical experience of how recurring situations had been effectively dealt with, they were a valued and valuable resource to the community. of how 〜 deal withは不完全文ですが、先行詞のexperience の説明という解釈でいいのでしょうか?また、このhowはどの用法で使われているのでしょうか?どなたか分かる方回答宜しくお願い致します。

  • 英文の翻訳

    和訳をしていただけるかたのみで、 お願いできますでしょうか? 1つの段落の前半部分となります。 どうぞよろしくお願いいたします。 His father was a man who was Tall, and moderately fat with large eyes and black hair and a long banana or crescent moon shaped face. A proud looking man. He had trouble with one of his knees and his leg was a bit weak or crooked. He had a hospitable and generous nature. He tried to mould the minds of his children into the right direction in life. Married late in life to a woman of superior position and his past was not so good. He could be melancholic and liked to study or read in the silence of his own chamber with a lamp, which his children were not welcome to disrupt. He was stricter and sharp with the children when they were small. but, gentler when they were older and behaved better. He could be merry, eat drink and have fun and include the children. He felt happy amongst his family and children. He was intuitive and had a spiritual side.

  • 英文を訳して下さい。

    Under Plan XVII, the French peacetime army was to form five field armies of c. 2,000,000 men, with groups of Reserve divisions attached to each army and with a group of reserve divisions on the southern and northern flanks. The armies were to concentrate opposite the German frontier around Épinal, Nancy and Verdun–Mezières, with an army in reserve around Ste. Ménéhould and Commercy. Since 1871, railway building had given the French General Staff sixteen lines to the German frontier against thirteen available to the German army, and the French could wait until German intentions were clear. The French deployment was intended to be ready for a German offensive in Lorraine or through Belgium. It was anticipated that the Germans would use reserve troops but also that a large German army would be mobilised on the border with Russia, leaving the western army with sufficient troops only to advance through Belgium south of the Meuse and the Sambre rivers. French intelligence had obtained a map exercise of the German general staff of 1905, in which German troops had gone no further north than Namur and assumed that plans to besiege Belgian forts were a defensive measure against the Belgian army.

  • 英文を訳して下さい。

    Aircraft were reserved for systematic counter-attack reconnaissance, to avoid the failures of previous battles, where too few aircraft had been burdened with too many duties, in bad weather. The three-week pause originated from lieutenant-generals T. Morland and W. Birdwood, the X and I Anzac corps commanders, at a conference of 27 August. The attacking corps made their plans within the framework of the Second Army plan, using General Principles on Which the Artillery Plan Will be Drawn of 29 August, which described the multi-layered creeping barrage and the use of Fuze 106, to avoid adding more craters to the ground. The Second Army and both corps did visibility tests to decide when zero hour should be set; the use of wireless and gun-carrying tanks, were discussed with Plumer on 15 September. X Corps issued its first Instruction on 1 September, giving times and boundaries to its divisions. A pattern for British attacks was established and Second Army orders and artillery instructions became routine, with an Attack Map showing stages of attack and timetable for the corps involved; corps moves and the time of attack were briefly noted. Nine divisions were to attack on a 10,000 yd (9,100 m) front; the Second Army had three times and the Fifth Army twice the ammunition than for Pilckem Ridge. In late August, destructive fire by super-heavy artillery began and counter-battery fire commenced in early September, in poor visibility. The RFC plan incorporated standardised methods used by battery commanders and artillery observation crews, as informal liaison methods had been found to be insufficient with the increase in the amount of artillery and aircraft in the BEF since 1915. Wireless codes were harmonised and better training introduced for air–ground liaison. Attacks were to be made on German billets, railways, aerodromes and infantry counter-attacks. The Royal Flying Corps (RFC) contributed 26 squadrons, including the two night-bombing squadrons and the Royal Naval Air Service (RNAS) Handley-Pages from Coudekerque, beginning the night before the attack.

  • 英文の意味が良く分かりません。

    以下の文章の和訳を教えて頂けると助かります。 ----------------------------------------------------------- DECLARATION OF INTERESTS IN CONTRACTS OR ARRANGEMENTS Each of the directors present confirmed that he or she had considered the nature and extent of any interest he or she had in the matters being discussed at the meeting and to the extent necessary declared the nature and extent of any such interest in accordance with the Companies Act and the Company's articles of association. ------------------------------------------------------------ Each of the directors present confirmed that he or she had considered the nature and extent of any interest he or she had in the matters being discussed at the meeting のあたりが いまいち良く分かりません。

  • 以下の英文を訳して下さい。

    Not only was it problematic finding qualified British officers to command the companies and battalions of the Indian Army, there was also a shortage of trained Indians to be granted a Viceroy's Commission. Viceroy Commissioned Officers occupied a unique position between the junior British officers and the senior non-commissioned officers. During its year in France, the VCO's of the Meerut had also suffered heavy casualties. Prior to the war, when most operations of the Indian Army were along the North-West Frontier, there had never been a need to quickly produce VCOs. Consequently, those who were promoted to the rank of VCO was typically a long service soldier of many years of experience. With the heavy casualties of France, the system had not yet caught up to the realities of the new type of war they were fighting. Confronted with a type of war they had never expected to be a part of, morale among the Indian troops plummeted. As an added insult, when the Meerut and Lahore Divisions were withdrawn from France, they ceased receiving combat pay, even though they were being shipped Egypt, under threat from Ottoman force, and then to Mesopotamia, to actively take part in an offensive.

  • 英文翻訳をお願いいたします。

    A new attack was planned against Thiepval for 2 July by the 32nd and 49th divisions of X Corps and the 48th Division of VIII Corps was cancelled and replaced by an attack by the 32nd Division, on the east end of the Leipzig Redoubt and the Wonderwork (Wundtwerk) on a front of 800 yards (730 m), by the 14th Brigade and the 75th Brigade attached from the 25th Division. Information about the changed plan reached X Corps late and only reached the 32nd Division commander at 10:45 p.m. along with an increase in the attack frontage to 1,400 yards (1,300 m) north to Thiepval Chateau. With most telephone lines cut the artillery were not told of the postponement, until half of the bombardment for the original 3:15 a.m. zero hour had been fired.

  • 英文翻訳をお願いします。

    Dallas contacted Chetwode at 10:50, blaming the delay on the difficulty of bringing the artillery forward, but confirmed he would be ready to launch the attack at 12:00. Due to communication breakdown, Dallas was unaware of the position of the artillery. He had phoned Desert Corps at "10.4" [sic] to be told that the 161st (Essex) Brigade and the 271st RFA were at Sheikh Nebhan. However, they had moved to an exposed position at El Burjabye before finding a covered position in the valley between the Burjabye and Es Sire Ridges. The artillery was in fact already in position and had begun firing at 10:10, although communications had not been established with headquarters. Fog has also been blamed for the delayed infantry attack.The artillery bombardment began at 12:00, although there was no artillery program, and the Ottoman defences had not been identified. Dallas received his orders at 11:00, and half an hour later Dobell and Chetwode ordered him to launch his attack forthwith.