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質問

In early 1916, the Germans had more and better equipment for trench warfare, with good quality hand grenades, rifle grenades and trench mortars; the Germans made more effort to repair and improve defences and with a homogeneous army, found it easier to move artillery, ammunition and men along the front. A substantial cadre of the pre-war trained officers and conscripts remained, to lead the wartime recruits. British tunnellers achieved a superiority over their German equivalents but in ground operations, the number of operational machine-guns and the volume and accuracy of artillery fire, had more effect than individual skill and bravery; the quantity of heavy guns often determined the course of engagements. The success of a local attack left the victors vulnerable to a counter-attack and captured positions were often more costly to hold, than the previous positions.

回答No.1

Nakay702 · ベストアンサー

＞In early 1916, the Germans had more and better equipment for trench warfare, with good quality hand grenades, rifle grenades and trench mortars; the Germans made more effort to repair and improve defences and with a homogeneous army, found it easier to move artillery, ammunition and men along the front. A substantial cadre of the pre-war trained officers and conscripts remained, to lead the wartime recruits.
⇒ドイツ軍は、1916年前半には（他国軍に比べて）上質の手榴弾、銃榴弾、迫撃砲という、塹壕戦のためにより良い装備をより多く持っていた。ドイツ軍は防衛力を修復し、向上させる努力をより多くして（諸）方面軍を均質に保っていたので、前線に沿って大砲、弾薬、兵士を動かすことが簡単な状況であった。（ただし）戦前の訓練将校と徴兵（役）の中核幹部は、戦時の徴兵のために（本部に）残った。

＞British tunnellers achieved a superiority over their German equivalents but in ground operations, the number of operational machine-guns and the volume and accuracy of artillery fire, had more effect than individual skill and bravery; the quantity of heavy guns often determined the course of engagements. The success of a local attack left the victors vulnerable to a counter-attack and captured positions were often more costly to hold, than the previous positions.
⇒英国軍の塹壕掘削人は、ドイツ軍の相当者に対して優越性を得たが、地上の作戦行動では、使用可能な機関銃の数および大砲砲火の量と正確さが、個々人の技術や勇敢さより多大の影響力を持っていた。大型重砲の量がしばしば会戦の進行具合を決定した。局所攻撃の成功は、勝者を反撃に対して軟弱にし、占領した陣地を維持することは、しばしば従前のそれより高くついた。

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