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Serbia's Defeat in World War I: The Fall of Belgrade and the Battle of Kosovo

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  • The Austro-Hungarians and Germans launched a joint attack on Serbia, crossing several rivers and advancing towards Belgrade.
  • The Bulgarian Army also joined the attack, defeating the Serbian Second Army at the Battle of Morava.
  • The Serbs made a final attempt to join the Allied divisions but were halted by the Bulgarians at the Battle of Kosovo.

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  • Nakay702
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回答No.2

以下のとおりお答えします。(特に第3段落に間違いがあるかも知れません。) >The Austro-Hungarians and Germans began their attack on 7 October, with their troops crossing the Drina and Sava rivers, covered by heavy artillery fire. Once they crossed the Danube, the Germans and Austro-Hungarians moved on Belgrade itself. Vicious street fighting ensued* and the Serbs' resistance in the city was finally crushed on 9 October. ⇒10月7日に、オーストリア=ハンガリー軍とドイツ軍が攻撃を開始し、重砲火の援護を受けながらドリナ川やサヴァ川を渡った。ドイツ軍とオーストリア=ハンガリー軍はいったんダニューブ川(ドナウ川)を横切って、それからベオグラードに進駐した。激しい市街戦が続発した*が、都市部でのセルビア軍の抵抗は最終的に10月9日に鎮圧された。 * Vicious street fighting ensued:「激しい市街戦が続発した」。市街戦は、野戦と比べて戦況が見分けにくいので、銃撃戦が断続的に起こって長引く傾向があるようです。 >Then, on 14 October, the Bulgarian Army attacked from two directions, from the north of Bulgaria towards Niš and from the south towards Skopje . The Bulgarian First Army defeated the Serbian Second Army at the Battle of Morava, while the Bulgarian Second Army defeated the Serbians at the Battle of Ovche Pole. With the Bulgarian breakthrough, the Serbian position became untenable; the main army in the north (around Belgrade) could either retreat, or be surrounded and forced to surrender. ⇒そして10月14日、ブルガリア方面軍は2つの方向から攻撃し始めた。すなわち、ブルガリアの北部からニッシュへ向かった攻撃と南部からスコピエに向かった攻撃である。ブルガリア第1方面軍は、モラヴァの戦いでセルビアの第2方面軍を破ったが、他方では、ブルガリア第2方面軍がオヴチ・ポールの戦いでセルビア軍を破った。ブルガリア軍の快進撃によって、セルビアの陣地は防御しきれなくなった。北部(ベオグラード周辺)の主要な軍隊は、退却するか、包囲されて降服を強制されるかのどちらかであった。 >In the Battle of Kosovo the Serbs made a last and desperate attempt to join the two incomplete Allied divisions that made a limited advance from the south, but were unable to gather enough forces, due to the pressure from the north and east and were halted by the Bulgarians under General Georgi Todorov and had to pull back.** ⇒コソボの戦いで、セルビア軍は最後の必死な試みをして、南部からわずかに進軍しながら難渋する連合軍の2個師団に合流しようとしたが、北部からと東部からの圧力のために十分な軍隊を集めることができず、ゲオルギ・トドロフ将軍指揮下のブルガリア軍によって、行軍を阻止されたのである。** ** この段落は全体が長い1文で、文法構造が把握しにくいです。間違いがあるかも知れませんが、基本構造は以下のようになっていると読みました。 “the Serbs made ~ attempt to …, but were unable to … and were halted by ~”=「セルビア軍は、…しようと~な試みをしたが、…することができず、~によって(行軍を)阻止された」。

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回答No.1

これは第一次大戦の開始当初の模様でしょうか 以下、訳です。 オーストリア・ハンガリー軍とドイツ軍は、10月7日に進撃を開始し、重砲の支援のもとにドリラとサバ川を渡河した。ドナウ川を抜けるとオーストリア・ハンガリー軍とドイツ軍はベオグラードに移動した。ビシャス通りの戦闘の後、都市部のセルビア人の抵抗は10月9日には終焉した。 その後、 10月14日に、ブルガリア軍は、ブルガリア北方からニースへ向かうルートと、南部からスコピエに向かう2つのルートで攻撃を開始した。ブルガリア第2軍がオト・ポールの戦いでセルビア軍を破ると、ブルガリア第1軍は、モラヴァの戦いでセルビアの第2軍を破った。ブルガリア軍の快進撃により、セルビア軍は壊滅した。(ベオグラード周辺)北部の主要な軍は退却するか、または包囲されて降伏を余儀なくされた。コソボの戦いでセルビア軍は十分な兵力を集めることができなかったが南部から進出した連合軍の不完全な2個師団になんとか合流して踏みとどまった。北部と東部での戦力のために、ゲオルギ・トドロフ将軍が率いるブルガリア軍は引き返す必要が生じた。

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