- ベストアンサー
医学論文訳
- みんなの回答 （2）
- 専門家の回答
質問者が選んだベストアンサー
> Striatal miR-212 decreases responsiveness to the motivational properties of cocaine by markedly amplifying the stimulatory effects of the drug on cAMP response element binding protein (CREB) signalling. 「リボ核酸（RNA）の miR-212 という線条体は、薬物が環状アデノシン一リン酸（cAMP）に対して引き起こす反応を増幅させることでたんぱく質の情報伝達をコントロールし、コカインの依存性につながる反応を縮小する」 （反応が活発になり miR-212 の量が増加するとコカイン摂取を抑制する方に働く）
その他の回答 (1)
- USB99
- ベストアンサー率53% (2222/4131)
コカインがCREB信号系に作用しておこす刺激効果を著明に増幅させることによって、線条体のmiR-212はコカインの動機付け属性への反応を減少させる。 ．．とか．．違ってたらごめんなさい
関連するQ&A
- 医学論文訳
医学論文訳 「Our findings indicate that striatal miR-212 signalling has a key role in determining vulnerability to cocaine addiction, reveal new molecular regulators that control the complex actions of cocaine in brain reward circuitries and provide an entirely new direction for the development of anti-addiction therapeutics based on the modulation of noncoding RNAs.」 ・・難しい・・です・・・。
- ベストアンサー
- 英語
- "医学論文訳"
"医学論文訳" It is thought to increase sensitivity to the motivational effects of cocaine and associated environmental stimuli, culminating in a loss of control over intake. However, recent findings support a more nuanced view in which cocaine also triggers adaptations in brain reward systems that decrease responsiveness to the drug.
- ベストアンサー
- 英語
- "医学論文訳"
"医学論文訳" Male Wistar rats (Charles River Laboratories) weighing 300?320 g were surgically prepared with silastic catheters in the jugular vein and trained to respond on an ‘active’ lever for food pellets (45 mg; 60 min sessions) under a fixed ratio 5 timeout 20 s (FR5TO20) schedule of reinforcement. Rats then responded for cocaine on the FR5TO20 reinforcement schedule during 1-h daily testing sessions for at least seven consecutive days. Cocaine hydrochloride was dissolved in sterile saline solution (0.9% w/v). Each cocaine infusion earned resulted in the delivery of 0.5 mgkg21 per infusion cocaine (0.1 ml injection volume delivered over 4 s), and initiated a 20-s timeout period signalled by a light cue located above the active lever during which responding on the lever was without consequence. In all cases, a control group of rats were surgically prepared with jugular catheters and trained to respond for food reinforcement as described above, but remained cocaine-naive for the duration of the experiment. To determine the cocaine dose? response curve, the unit dose of cocaine available for self-administration was adjusted upward or downward during 3-h testing sessions every other day between regular 6-h self-administration sessions; for detailed description see ref. 7. Doses of cocaine were tested once, and in the following order: 0.5, 0.0625, 0.25, 0.125 and 0 mgkg21 per infusion.
- ベストアンサー
- 英語
- ＣＲＥＢと長期記憶について
ハエの長期記憶（ＬＴＭ）を高めるという論文を読んだのですが、知識が足りなくわからない点が多く、詳しい方ご教授下さい。 論文→http://neuroscience.georgetown.edu/YinCREBCell95.pdf 特に、サマリーの LTM is blocked specifically by induced expression of a repressor isoform of the cAMP-responsive element-binding protein (CREB). Here, we report an enhancement of LTM formation after induced expression of an activator isoform of dCREB2. というのは、 ＬＴＭはＣＲＥＢの発現誘導を抑制される（何に？）ことによって低下し、活性化されることによって高められるということですか？ アイソフォームというのがよくわからなくて。 また、CREBとdCREB2とはどう違うのでしょうか。 この論文の内容に限らず、ＣＲＥＢと長期記憶に関することで詳しい方がいらっしゃいましたらよろしくお願いいたします。
- 締切済み
- 生物学
- 理系の論文英語がうまく訳せません
訳して頂けたら助かります。 Cyclodextrins are cyclic oligosaccharides forming molecular inclusion complexes with a wide range of hydrophobic molecules. The ability to allocate active molecules into the oligosaccharide hydrophobic core offers several opportunities in drug solubility, stability, and bioavailability optimization (1-3). However, aside from ç-cyclodextrins, which have been used in parenteral drug administration, systemic application of natural cyclodextrins, namely R- and â-cyclodextrins, entails the risk of toxic effects such as hemolysis and nephrotoxicity (4-5). Aimed at reducing the toxicity and enhancing the biopharmaceutical properties of cyclodextrins, semisynthetic derivatives were prepared by introduction of hydroxyalkyl or sulfoalkyl functions or by conjugation to water-soluble polymers (3, 6). Although cyclodextrins possess interesting properties for delivery of therapeutics with high pharmacological activity, low therapeutic index, and poor physicochemical properties, they cannot be used for active drug targeting because they are devoid of any specificity for biological structures. To exploit cyclodextrins as targetable drug delivery systems, the oligosaccharide structure should be properly functionalized with targeting moieties such as peptides, hormones, vitamins, antibody fragments, etc. Folic acid is a vitamin that binds selectively the folate receptor (FR), a glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored cell surface receptor that is overexpressed in many human tumors, including ovarian, endometrial, colorectal, breast, lung, renal, neuroendocrine carcinomas, and brain metastases (7). Upon receptor interaction, the folic acid-FR complex is taken up by cells and moves through many organelles involved in endocytic trafficking, providing for cytosolic disposition (8). The folate receptor mediated endocytosis was largely investigated to expand the therapeutic value of drugs by increasing delivery to the target tissue as well as the target/nontarget tissue ratio. Examples of targetable drug delivery carriers functionalized by folic acid conjugation include radionuclide deferoxamine-folate complexes for radiopharmaceutical imaging, liposome-folate encapsulated drugs, liposome-folate encapsulated polylysine- DNA, cytotoxin-folate conjugates and folic acid decorated nanoparticles (9-13). Recently, we synthesized a new targetable drug delivery system by folic acid conjugation to â-cyclodextrins through a 700 Da poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) spacer arm. Preliminary studies demonstrated that the derivative possesses suitable properties for drug delivery: high solubility, ability to form inclusion complexes with few drug models, and negligible hemolytic activity (14). In the present study the biological and biopharmaceutical properties of the new β-cyclodextrin-PEG-folic acid bioconjugate were investigated. The affinity of the bioconjugate for the immobilized folate binding protein (FBP) and for the cell membrane folate receptor was determined by Biacore and cultured tumor folate receptor overexpressing KB cells, respectively. The ability of the conjugate to be taken up by folate receptor overexpressing and nonexpressing cells was also investigated, and its intracellular localization was determined.
- 締切済み
- 英語
- この英文訳で・・・
論文を読んで発表するように、と言われて訳していたのですが・・・ 自分の英語力のなさに呆れてしまいました。そこで皆さんに助けて いただきたいのですが、分かりづらかった最後の部分で・・・ Vaccine immunogens capable of generating this type of antibody response are likely to be protective, as mAb b12 can protect monkeys against a viral challenge. These data show that it is possible for B cells in the normal human repertoire to effectively target epitopes located in the gp120 CD4-binding site. Further studies will be needed to determine the prevalence of broadly neutralizing CD4-binding site–directed antibodies elicited in HIV-1–infected individuals. In conjunction with the recent atomic resolution of the mAb b12–binding surface on gp120 (ref. 15), our results suggest that the CD4-binding site of gp120 should be a major target of HIV-1 vaccines designed to better elicit broadly neutralizing antibodies. 長くてすいません。自分で訳すと 「mAb b12がウイルスの曝露から猿を保護することが出来るように、 この種の抗体応答を起こすことが出来るワクチン免疫源は保護 しそうだ。これらのデータは正常ヒトのレパートリーのB細胞が gp120CD4結合部位にあるエピトープを効果的に目標とすることが 可能であることを示す。さらなる研究はHIV-1感染者で誘発する、 CD4結合部位に誘導された抗体を広く中和することの流行を決定する ために必要である。近年のgp120上の表面で結合しているmAb b12の 原子解像度（ref. 15）と共に、私達の結果は、gp120のCD4結合部位 が、よりよく広く中和抗体を引き出し、HIV-1ワクチンをデザイン する際の主要なターゲットとなるべきだと示唆する。」 こうなりました。文章に成っているようで成ってない？免疫が専攻で ないため、意味がよく分からないと言うのもあるのですが・・・ 特に分からないのがFurthe以下で、動詞はneededだろうけど後のeilcitedをどう考えればいいのか・・・引き出す？誘い出す？ どうか宜しくお願いします。訳で間違えているところがあったら 指摘もお願いします。
- 締切済み
- 英語
- シクロスポリン - 訳しづらい論文
閲覧有難うございます。 シクロスポリンによるサイトカイン遺伝子活性化のブロックに関する、訳しづらい論文があったので挑戦してみました。 皆さんからのフィードバック、ご意見等を頂ければ幸いです。 原文 ☆Ciclosporin (AtopicaTM, Novartis; a veterinary medicine licensed for treatment of atopic dermatitis in dogs) exerts its dominant effects by blocking transcription of genes required for T cell activation, notably those encoding a number of immunoregulatory cytokines including IL-2. ☆ ★It does this by binding to the molecule cyclophilin (present in high concentrations in the cytoplasm of T cells) forming a complex that prevents the activation of calcineurin that would normally occur when T cell receptor engagement with antigen triggers an influx of calcium into the cell.★ 私の見解： It は Ciclosporin のことを指しています。 This とは、「T細胞の免疫調整を行うIL-2などのサイトカイン遺伝子を活性化をブロックする」という現象のことです。 つまり、★～★は、☆～☆で描かれている、シクロスポリンによる免疫調整遺伝子の活性化ブロック作用が、いかにして（どのようなプロセスを経て）起こるものなのか、を説明しているわけです。 [訳例] ★こうした現象が起きるのは、シクロスポリンが（T細胞の細胞質内に高濃度に存在する）シクロフィリン分子と結合し複合体を形成するからである。T細胞受容体と抗原との結合はカルシウムの細胞質内への流入を誘因するが、その際通常起きる、カルシニューリンの活性化を、この複合体が阻害するのである。★ [訳す手順 - 長い一つの文章に纏めてあるパッセージをbreak downする] (1)It (ciclosporin) does this by binding to the molecule cyclophilin (present in high concentrations in the cytoplasm of T cells). (2)They (ciclosporin and cyclophilin) form a complex. (3)The complex prevents the activation of calcineurin. (4)Calcineurin normally occur when T cell receptor engagement with antigen triggers an influx of calcium into the cell.
- ベストアンサー
- 英語
- 物理での英語がよく分からないので質問させてください。
物理での英語がよく分からないので質問させてください。 Protein dissociation from and binding to DNA were carried out by applying a constant force and monitoring the DNA extension. Binding of single protein to DNA decreases the DNA end-to-end contour length by 3 nm. At equilibrium, the protein is bound to DNA. After the system was allowed to reach equilibrium, constant force was applied to DNA (two ends were pulled) and the DNA extension were measured. You can assume that the DNA is extended to its contour length and that for the sake of simplicity, under selected conditions you can ignore the DNA elasticity. 文章中の"DNA is extended to its contour length"というのがどういう意味なのかよく分かりません。これは「DNAが伸び得る最大まで伸びる」という解釈でいいのでしょうか？つまりDNAの両端を引っ張ると3nm伸びるという事で合ってるのでしょうか？
- ベストアンサー
- 物理学
