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長文のチェックをしてほしいです

入試の過去問の本文を全訳してみたのですが怪しいところがかなりあるのでチェックしてもらいたいです。 The greatest difficulties of writing large computer programs are not in deciding what the goals of the program should be, nor even (in) finding methods that can be used to reach these goals. 大型コンピュータのプログラムを書くことで最も難しいのはプログラムの目標を何にするべきかというのを決めるのではないし、目標に到達するために使うことができる方法を探すことでさえない。 The president of a business might say, “Let’s (use) a computer to keep track of all our inventory information, accounting record, and personnel files, and budget lines are overspent, and let it handle the payroll.” 会社の社長は「コンピュータを在庫情報や会計記録、職員のファイルを記録させましょう、そして予算線は使いすぎであり、それに給与を処理させたりしましょう。」というかもしれない。 With enough time and effort, a staff of systems analysts and programmers might be to determine how various staff members are now doing these tasks and write programs to do the work in the same way. 十分な時間と努力をかけて、システムアナリストやプログラマの職員はどのくらい様々な職員が現在これらの仕事を行っていたり、それをするプログラムを書いたりするのかを判断するかもしれない。 This approach, however, is almost certain to be a disastrous failure. しかしながらこの方法はほとんどが確実に悲惨な失敗となる。 While interviewing employees, the systems analysts will find some tasks that can be put on the computer easily and will proceed to do so. 従業員の面接をしている間、システムアナリストはコンピュータに簡単に入れることができるいくつかの仕事を探し、それを実行するだろう。 Then, as they move other work to the computer, they will find that it depends on the first tasks. それで、彼らはそのコンピュータに他の仕事を移すので、彼らは最初の仕事に依存すると気づくだろう。 The output from these, unfortunately, will not be quite in the proper form. それらの出力は不幸なことにあまり適切な形ではないだろう。 Hence they need more programming to convert the data from given for one task to the form needed for (it). それゆえ、彼らは出力された結果を正しい形式に変換するためにさらにプログラムをしなければならなくなる。 The programming project begins to resemble a patch work quilt. そのプログラミング計画はキルトのパッチワークに似始める。 Some of the pieces are stronger, some (one). 一部はある部分より強い。 Some of the pieces are carefully sewn onto the adjacent one, some are barely tacked together. 一部は慎重に上から縫われるが、一部はかろうじて鋲で留めてあるだけである。 If the programmers have a good luck, the thing that they create ・・・ (↑英作文)もし、そのプログラマたちが幸運ならば、彼らの創作物は、ほとんどの定型業務をほとんどいつもこなすことができる程度には、十分まとまりを保持しているだろう。 But if any change must be made, it will have unpredictable consequences throughout the system. しかし、少しでも変化が作られなければならないなら、それはそのシステムのいたるところに予測できない結果をもたらすだろう。 Later, a new request will come along, or an unexpected problem, perhaps even an emergency, and the programmers’ efforts will prove as effective as using a patchwork quilt as a safety net for people jumping from a tall building. 後に、新しい依頼が来るか、おそらく緊急事態でさえも、予期せぬ問題や、プログラマの努力は人々が高層ビルから落ちないようにするための転落防止用ネットとしてのキルトのパッチワークと同じ程度の効果であると分かるだろう。 (この文がどうなっているのか全然分かりません。Orがどういう働きをしているのか、最後のasがそれぞれどういう働きなのか、ということも教えてもらいたいです。) ( )になっている部分は問題でその部分に入る適切な単語を埋めよというものです。 考えて入れてみたのですがおかしかったらそこも教えてほしいです。 どうかよろしくお願いします。

  • 英語
  • 回答数3
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  • ohboy729
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回答No.3

ohboy729です。 >This approach,however, is ・・・という部分のThis approachというのはどの方法の事を指しているのでしょうか? >コンピュータを使って記録~という方法のことを言っているのか、システムアナリストやプログラマーが十分な >時間と労力を使って・・のことを言っているのか、どちらなんでしょうか? →I have a rose and a lily. This is white and that is red.  (私はバラとユリを持っています。後者は白で前者は赤です。) 日本語の長文では指示語はかなり離れた前文の中の言葉、語句、文を指したりしますが英語では指示語の 限定できる語句、文はほとんどが前文になります。 thisは物理的にも文の構造上でも「近いもの」を指します。 言われた二つの文にはMIGHT(かもしれない)が同様に使われ二つの例を並べているのだと思いますが 文法的には後者の方だと思います。 前者:The president of a business MIGHT say, ・・・ 後者:With enough time and effort, a staff of systems analysts and programmers MIGHT be to determine ・・・ While interviewing employees, を一文目にして書いてみます。 →the system analysts will find tasks -- and will proceed to do so. [do so](そうする)はput some tasks on the computer(コンピューターに仕事を入れる)だろうと思います。 →従業員の面接をしている間、システムアナリストはコンピュータに簡単に入れることができるいくつかの 仕事を探し、そして次にその仕事をコンピューターに入力するだろう。 二文目について →接続詞や前置詞としてのasには分詞構文と同じような「-する時」「-なので」「-だけれど」「-しながら」 「-ように」「ーするにつれ」など多様な意味がありますが時に応じて文意で訳し分けないといけないのが難しいですね。 この場合は「-するとき=when/while」が適切だと思います。 →次に彼らがコンピューターに他の仕事を入れようとするとき、彼らはそれが最初のタスク(仕事)に依存している (よってなされるという)ことが分かるだろう。 三文目について →will「どうしても-しようとする、したがる、傾向がある」、will notには「どうしても-しようとしない、 なかなか-しない」という傾向、習性や拒否の用法があります。 A dog will bark..(犬というものはどうしても吠えるものだ) A boy will be a boy.(やはり、男の子は どうしても男の子だな) / He will not listen to me. (彼はどうしても私のいうことを聞こうとしない)など →これらから出力されたものは(これらの結果は)不幸なことに、どうしてもそれほどきちんとした形にはならないものだ。 四文目について →convert A from X to Y : AをXからYへと変換する、変える  カッコのところは( it )でいいと思います。 it = the task でしょう。 →それゆえに、彼らはデータを一つのタスク(仕事)のために与えられたものからそのタスク(仕事)自体を必要と する形式に変換するためにさらにプログラムをする必要がある。 五文目について >The programming project begins to resemble a patch work quilt. >そのプログラミング計画はキルトのパッチワークに似始める。 →このままでOKです。 六文目について >Some of the pieces are stronger, some (one).  一部はある部分より強い。 →Some like coffee , others/some like tea. (コーヒーが好きな者もいればお茶が好きな者もいる) 代名詞の (some-other)の使い方です。 これにはこんな文例もあります。 Some like coffee, others don't. (コーヒーが好きな者もいればそうでない者もいる。) それでカッコの中はNo.1さんも書かれいるように(aren't)として、さらにpiecesはデータ変換のここの領域 をパッチワークの一つ一つの領域、布きれにたとえていったものだと思います。それがstrongerと言っている のは強い生地で強くきちんと縫いつけられているということでしょう。 →パッチ(部分)には強く丈夫な部分もあればそうでないところもある。  (意)部分的には丈夫なところもあったり弱々しいパッチもあったりする。 七文目について →carefully sewnに対してtackedですから「綿密に縫われている」に対して「仮縫い程度に縫われている」くらい の対比でいいと思います。再び代名詞のSome-someの対ですね。 →隣の生地に綿密に縫いつけられいるものもあればかろうじて仮縫い程度につなぎ合わされているパッチ(部分)もある。 八文目(英作文)について →luckは不可算の抽象名詞なので原則的にはaは付けません。こんな文かなと言う程度ですが・・・ →If the programmers have good luck, their creations will be kept well organized/well unified as to deal with most routine tasks. *as to V : Vするほどに、程度に   organized/unified :組織だって、統合されて、まとまっている 九文目について But if any change must be made, it will have unpredictable consequences throughout the system. しかし、少しでも変化が作られなければならないなら、それはそのシステムのいたるところに予測できない 結果をもたらすだろう。 →OKです。「しかし、いかなる変化も避けがたいものであるなら、それは・・・」でもいいと思います。 十文目について →orは普通の「または、それとも」でいいのではないでしょうか。 Later, a new request will come along, or an unexpected problem (will come along), perhaps even an emergency(will come along), のように考えるといいと思います。 the programmers’efforts will prove AS effective as using a patchwork quilt AS a safety net for people jumping from a tall building. →AS effective AS a safety net: 落下防止ネットと同じくらい効果がある 同級比較 真ん中のasは前置詞で「-しながら」の意味です。 →後になって新しい要求または予期せぬ問題、そしておそらくは緊急事態さえ起こってくるだろう。そして、 プログラマー達の努力はパッチワーク(のような手法)/ある種のパッチワークを使いながらであるが高層ビル から転落する人を助ける転落防止用ネットと同じくらい効果があると分かるだろう。 この調子でどんどん勉強を続けて質問もどんどんしてください!応援します。

Stealth7
質問者

お礼

やっとこの文章で言いたいことが分かった気がします。 ありがとうございました! 本当に感謝です!

その他の回答 (2)

  • ohboy729
  • ベストアンサー率41% (244/589)
回答No.2

またまたohboy729です。頑張っている人を見るとどうしても背中を押してあげたくなります。 典型的な教え魔ですね。(笑)ストーカーみたいと怖がられるといけないので半分だけ書きます。 一文目は →not in deciding とnor even (in) finding は対で(in)でいいと思います。 a big coffee shop[a +形容詞+名詞+名詞]ではこの形容詞big(大きい)はbig→coffeeという修飾でしょうか、 それともbig→shopという修飾でしょうか?coffee shop[名詞+名詞]の合成名詞は最初の名詞coffeeが「コーヒーの」 という形容詞な使い方がされているためbigがcoffeeを修飾しにくいのです。そのことをベースにして coffee shopをひとまとまりで考えてください。何を言いたいのかお分かりだと思うのですが、 large computer programs を「大型コンピュータのプログラム」と訳している点がちょっと気になりました。 「大がかりなコンピュータープログラム」とした方が良いと思います。あとはいいです。 二文目は →ほとんどOKです。カッコは(use/get/introduce:導入する)などいろいろあると思います。 and budget lines are overspent,の部分に違和感を感じたのではないでしょうか? Let’s (use) a computer to keep track of all our inventory information, accounting record, and personnel files, // and budget lines are overspent, //and let it handle the payroll. (X:A,B,andC)and(Y),(Z)のような二重構造になっているみたいですね。 →会社の社長は「コンピュータを使って/ 手に入れて / 導入して在庫情報や会計記録、職員のファイルを 記録させようとか、予算線は使いすぎだとか、それに給与を処理させよう。」というかもしれない。 三文目は →write (programs)は動詞の原形ですね。前に出てる動詞の原形はdetermineです。 might be to determine A and write Bという関係で →十分な時間と労力を使ってシステムアナリストやプログラマ-の職員はどのくらい様々な職員が現在これらの 仕事を行っているのかを判断したり、同じやり方でプログラムを書いたりするようになるのかもしれない。 四文目は >This approach, however, is almost certain to be a disastrous failure. >しかしながらこの方法はほとんどが確実に悲惨な失敗となる。 →このままでOKです。 この調子でどんどん、ガンガンいってください。

Stealth7
質問者

お礼

本当に何度もありがとうございます! すごく助かってます。 また少し質問があるのですが、This approach,however, is ・・・ という部分のThis approachというのはどの方法の事を指しているのでしょうか? コンピュータを使って記録~という方法のことを言っているのか、 システムアナリストやプログラマーが十分な時間と労力を使って・・・ のことを言っているのか、どちらなんでしょうか? それと本当に申し訳ないのですが、 この続きの部分のほうがどちらかといえば意味をしっかり把握できていないような気がするのでもしよろしかったら続きもお願いしたいです。 めんどくさかったりしたらスルーしちゃってかまいませんので><

回答No.1

こんにちは。個人的にいくつか気になるところがありました。 With enough time and effort, a staff of systems analysts and programmers might be to determine how various staff members are now doing these tasks and write programs to do the work in the same way.の区切り方ですが、これは、 With enough time and effort, a staff of systems analysts and programmers might be to + determine how various staff members are now doing these tasks and + write programs to do the work in the same way. になると思います。というのも、プログラムを書くのが various staff membersではなく、"a staff of systems analysts and programmers" では。 Then, as they move other work to the computer, they will find that it depends on the first tasks. asは「~しているうちに」、it depends on は 「~に因る」 Later, a new request will come along, or an unexpected problem, perhaps even an emergency, and the programmers’ efforts will prove ... の文では、 an unexpected problem や an emergency というのが a new request と同列で、 a new request, or an unexpected problem, perhaps even an emergency, will come along と考えるとわかりやすいと思います。 the programmers' efforts will prove as effective as using a patchwork quilt as a safety net for people jumping from a tall building. の最後のasは 「~として」「~と同じように」という意味です。 Some of the pieces are stronger, some (one).の( )の中は、一文字と数えられれば、私なら aren't を入れるかもしれません。

Stealth7
質問者

お礼

回答ありがとうございます。 区切る部分がまだうまく判断できてなくておかしい文が多かったみたいですね。 とても参考になりました!

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    (1)の続きです。 Like all really primitive people, women will go on refusing to believe in or bow down to the laws of Nature. Nature may tell them, for instance, of the correct position of the human waist; but they will not listen to her; they will insist that the human waist may be anywhere you like between the neck and the knees, according to the fashion of the moment, and Nature may as well put her fingers in her ears and go home. they will not listen to herのtheyはwomenだと思うのですが、そうするとherは誰を指しているのでしょうか?Natureですか? Nature may as well put her fingers in her ears and go homeの意味が全くわかりません。どういうことを言っているのでしょうか? ----Spring Fashions:Robert Lynd

  • 入試長文問題 日本語訳

    最後の2つの文の意味がわかりません。 それと問題が わかりません。 問題*本文によれば、イングランド人をsleeping-walkerと呼べるのはなぜですか。      日本語で説明しなさい。 George Orwell のEngland your England だそうです。 Here are a couple of generalizations about England that would be accepted by almost all observers. One is that the English are not gifted artistically. They are not as musical as the Germans or Italians, painting and sculpture have never flourished in England as they have in France. Another is that, as Europeans go, the English are not intellectual. They have a horror of abstract thought, they feel no need for any philosophy or systematic ‘world-view’. Nor is this because they are ‘practical’, as they are so fond of claiming for themselves. One has only to look at their methods of town planning and water supply, their obstinate clinging to everything that is out of date and a nuisance, a spelling system that defies analysis, and a system of weights and measures that is intelligible only to the compilers of arithmetic books, to see how little they care about mere efficiency. But they have a certain power of acting without taking thought. Their world-famed hypocrisy – their double-faced attitude towards the Empire, for instance – is bound up with this. Also, in moments of supreme crisis the whole nation can suddenly draw together and act upon a species of instinct, really a code of conduct which is understood by almost everyone, though never formulated. ここまではなんとなく訳せたのですが、次の2つの文の意味がわかりません。 The phrase that Hitler coined for the Germans, ‘a sleep-walking people’, would have been better applied to the English. Not that there is anything to be proud of in being called a sleeping-walker. よろしくお願いします。

  • 移民の話です。長文ですが、記事の翻訳お願いします。

    The tide of Hispanic immigration today has similar roots, with two important differences: The European waves were legal, and immigration from the south of America, especially Mexico, is mainly illegal. The numbers are also on a wholly different scale from the immigration of the 20s and 30s. These factors understandably raise apprehensions, but so far the evidence shows that the new immigrants largely behave in positive ways similar to their predecessors. They are family oriented, they value education, and their children are learning English. Over time, they are intermarrying among growing numbers of other ethnic groups. They are people of faith. They are energetic, looking to move up in life through better jobs-they work hard and for long hours. In fact they often take jobs many Americans simply no longer wish to do. By and large the most recent surge of immigrants is made up of people who are young and mobile and who work in the least desired sectors of the U.S. economy-such as agriculture and service industries-for relatively low pay. If these immigrants weren't here, this kind of work would have to be done by more skilled Americans, and they would only do it for much more money-which could be seen as a cause of inflation and a misuse of skills. There was a very different situation in the 1960s. Then, half of all American men dropped out of high school to look for unskilled work. Today only about 10 percent of white males leave high school for a job, and high school graduates simply won't take the menial jobs that many immigrants are happy to take on. So for the most part, the new immigrant and the settled American are not competing for the same jobs. Even when they do compete more directly with low-skilled U.S.-born workers, the job preference is different. Immigrants find work in agriculture, while less educated natives often end up in manufacturing. The notion that unskilled immigrants tend to complement rather than replace native Americans is supported by the unusually low unemployment rates of the six states that have the largest influx of illegal immigrants-New York, California, Illinois, Texas, Florida, and Arizona. Millions and millions of new jobs requiring no more than a high school education will have to be filled over the next decade. Who will take them? Not those born in America. Our fertility rates are falling, our education levels rising. The Bureau of Labor Statistics predicts that we will have many vacancies for unskilled labor-exactly where the vast majority of immigrants expect to be working. In the California workforce of 2004, among undocumented men ages 18 to 64, more than 90 percent were working, compared with just over 80 percent of native-born men. Illegal immigrants receive virtually no welfare transfers that could sustain them without work. They know that if they're going to be unemployed, they're better off at home in Mexico instead of New York or Chicago. They're here because they want to work. That is one side of the immigration coin. We hear less about the other side—the high-tech immigrants and the value they provide our economy. By some estimates, about a third of Silicon Valley start-ups in the past decade have been founded by Indians or Chinese, who also power the science departments of America's great universities. Yet, we continue to lock out of the U.S. economy some of the world's best and brightest in such fields as medicine, computers, and engineering, forcing them to work abroad where they can develop businesses or work in businesses that compete with us. It doesn't make sense. So looking forward, we will need more rather than less migration at both the low end and the high end of the skill sets. Bear in mind that we are getting older. As the 80 million baby boomers retire, we will have 250 seniors to 1,000 working people in 2010; by 2030, 411 seniors per 1,000. Who will pick up the financial burden in the Social Security system for the aging baby-boomer generation?

  • 訳を手伝ってください。

    yes they are terrorists, but they had a family, some of them commit these terrible acts because they are told their families will be taken care of if they do, or they truly believe they will go to heaven for it. I don't agree with terrorism, I don't mean to imply that - but you can't ignore the factors of life and society that lead a person to commit such violent acts. It's all around us. In a society of billions of people, it's inevitable. The world can be extremely scary once you realize what humans are capable of. I honestly can't say I understand that type of mentality - willing to take another human's life. But then, my life is very easy.... アメリカ人とメールのやり取りをしてるんですけど辞書で調べてもなかなかうまく訳せません。 解らないところを詳しく言いますと、they are told their families will be taken care of if they do の文です。 それとThe world can be extremely scary once you realize what humans are capable of. これは何をいいたいのかさっぱりわかりません。 最後に最後の文のmy life is very easy.... すみませんがどなたかお願いします!!

  • 長文です;  英訳していただけないでしょうか?

    上司に告白され、好きな人がいるので、あなたとは友達でいたいと言った返事なのですが、 英語が得意ではなく、全部を訳せません。 訳していただけないでしょうか。 Hi ○○ That is OK for me if we will be friends and not more. But as your friend, I really need to tell you some things about what`s called the “Laws of Attraction” First of all, it does not require a lot of time to know if you are attracted to a person or not. After meeting two or three times, for several hours, that is more than enough time to know. So if you think of me like a friend, I expect that will never change. So in this case it would be me that has got ‘unrequited love`. But the difference is, I know it will probably never change, so I will accept it and not lose time, and I will not lose other chances, while hoping my ‘unrequited love` will change to ‘requited love’. I know a love feeling is very unlikely to arrive in the future, if it is not there from the beginning. So as your friend, I just want to caution you to be careful and don’t lose precious time and opportunities while waiting for something that is very unlikely to arrive. And as my friend, I hope you will understand that my idea for Friday was more like a date. Since it seems to be not reality, can I ask that we make our next meeting day Monday evening instead? That way we can spend with mikako, and Tom. Like a ‘friends meet-up’ which is the way you are comfortable. Then I can still have a chance to find a special Christmas feeling another way. As my friend I think you would understand and encourage this course of action. And as your friend, I want to encourage you, even if it is not me, you need to find your happiness without losing precious time and opportunities because of an ‘unrequited love`. Because life is short. And your young life is really short! There is no time to waste. Thanks and hope to see you Monday! with MIKAKO! Yours, ○○