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質問

However, far to the north, U.S. troops of the 27th and 30th divisions of the II Corps AEF fought under British command in a spearhead attack on the Hindenburg Line with 12 British and Australian divisions, and directly alongside the exhausted veteran divisions of the Australian Corps of the First Australian Imperial Force (1st AIF). With artillery and British tanks, the combined three-nation force, despite some early setbacks, attacked and captured their objectives (including Montbrehain village) along a six-kilometre section of the Line between Bellicourt and Vendhuille, which was centred around an underground section of the St. Quentin Canal and came to be known as the Battle of St. Quentin Canal. Although the capture of the heights above the Beaurevoir Line by October 10, marking a complete breach in the Hindenburg Line, was arguably of greater immediate significance, the important U.S. contribution to the victory at the St. Quentin Canal is less well remembered in the United States than Meuse-Argonne. The American forces initially consisted of fifteen divisions of the U.S. First Army commanded by then-General John J. Pershing until October 16, and then by Lieutenant General Hunter Liggett. The logistics were planned and directed by then-Colonel George C. Marshall. The French forces next to them consisted of 31 divisions including the Fourth Army (under Henri Gouraud) and the Fifth Army (under Henri Mathias Berthelot). The U.S. divisions of the AEF were oversized (12 battalions per division versus the French/British/German 9 battalions per division), being up to twice the size of other Allies' battle-depleted divisions upon arrival, but the French and other Allied divisions had been partly replenished prior to the Grand Offensive, so both the U.S. and French contributions in troops were considerable. Most of the heavy equipment (tanks, artillery, aircraft) was provided by the European Allies. For the Meuse-Argonne front alone, this represented 2,780 artillery pieces, 380 tanks and 840 planes. As the battle progressed, both the Americans and the French brought in reinforcements. Eventually, 22 American divisions would participate in the battle at one time or another, representing two full field armies. Other French forces involved included the 2nd Colonial Corps, under Henri Claudel, which had also fought alongside the AEF at the Battle of Saint-Mihiel earlier in September 1918.

回答No.1

Nakay702 · ベストアンサー

＞However, far to the north, U.S. troops of the 27th and 30th divisions of the II Corps AEF fought under British command in a spearhead attack on the Hindenburg Line with 12 British and Australian divisions, and directly alongside the exhausted veteran divisions of the Australian Corps of the First Australian Imperial Force (1st AIF). With artillery and British tanks, the combined three-nation force, despite some early setbacks, attacked and captured their objectives (including Montbrehain village) along a six-kilometre section of the Line between Bellicourt and Vendhuille, which was centred around an underground section of the St. Quentin Canal and came to be known as the Battle of St. Quentin Canal.
⇒しかし（ヴェルダンのほかに）、ずっと遠い北では、AEF第II軍団の第27・第30師団の米国軍隊がヒンデンブルク戦線に対する急先鋒として、英国軍の指揮の下、英国・オーストラリア軍の12個師団とともに襲撃し、第1オーストラリア帝国軍（第1 AIF軍）のオーストラリア軍団の疲労した古参兵師団と並んで戦った。3か国の合体軍団が、初期の数度の挫折にもかかわらず、英国軍の砲兵隊と戦車隊とともにベリクールとヴェンヂュィルの間の戦線の6キロの区間に沿って標的（モンブルハイン村を含む）を攻撃し、これを攻略した。その中心地区はサン＝カンタン運河と呼ばれたので、これは「サン＝カンタン＝カナルの戦い」として知られるようになった。

＞Although the capture of the heights above the Beaurevoir Line by October 10, marking a complete breach in the Hindenburg Line, was arguably of greater immediate significance, the important U.S. contribution to the victory at the St. Quentin Canal is less well remembered in the United States than Meuse-Argonne. The American forces initially consisted of fifteen divisions of the U.S. First Army commanded by then-General John J. Pershing until October 16, and then by Lieutenant General Hunter Liggett. The logistics were planned and directed by then-Colonel George C. Marshall. The French forces next to them consisted of 31 divisions including the Fourth Army (under Henri Gouraud) and the Fifth Army (under Henri Mathias Berthelot).
⇒10月10日ごろのボレヴォワ戦線上における高地の攻略は、ヒンデンブルク戦線での完全な突破を画したことで間違いなく直接的な意味はあったが、米本国では、サン＝カンタン運河における勝利への米国軍の重要な貢献はミューズ・アルゴンヌの場合ほどはよく記憶されていない。当初米国軍は、米国第１方面軍の15個師団から構成され、10月16日までジョン・J.ペーシング将軍が指揮したが、それ以後ハンター・リゲット中将によって構成・指揮された。兵站学的計画は、ジョージ・C・マーシャル大佐によって立案され、指揮された。その隣のフランス軍団は、第4方面軍（アンリ・グーロー）と第5方面軍（アンリ・マシアス・ベルテロ）を含む31個師団で構成されていた。

＞The U.S. divisions of the AEF were oversized (12 battalions per division versus the French/British/German 9 battalions per division), being up to twice the size of other Allies' battle-depleted divisions upon arrival, but the French and other Allied divisions had been partly replenished prior to the Grand Offensive, so both the U.S. and French contributions in troops were considerable. Most of the heavy equipment (tanks, artillery, aircraft) was provided by the European Allies. For the Meuse-Argonne front alone, this represented 2,780 artillery pieces, 380 tanks and 840 planes. As the battle progressed, both the Americans and the French brought in reinforcements. Eventually, 22 American divisions would participate in the battle at one time or another, representing two full field armies. Other French forces involved included the 2nd Colonial Corps, under Henri Claudel, which had also fought alongside the AEF at the Battle of Saint-Mihiel earlier in September 1918.
⇒AEFの米国軍師団は大規模であった（1個師団当たり、フランス/英国/ドイツ軍9個大隊に対して12個大隊）は、到着時に他の連合国軍の戦闘で消耗した師団の2倍の大きさであったが、フランス軍およびその他の連合国軍師団は「グランド攻勢」の前に部分的に補強されていたため、米国軍とフランス軍の全軍隊に対する貢献はかなり大きかった。重火器装備（戦車、大砲、航空機）のほとんどが、ヨーロッパの連合国軍によって提供された。ミューズ・アルゴンヌ前線だけで、2,780門の大砲、380台の戦車、840機の航空機という相当数であった。戦闘が進むにつれて、米国軍とフランス軍の両方が援軍を連れて来た。結局、一度に22個の米国軍師団が戦闘に参加することになったが、これは丸々2個の完全方面軍に相当した。参戦した他のフランス軍には、アンリ・クローデル麾下の第2植民地軍団があって、1918年9月に「サン=ミエルの戦い」でAEFと並んで戦った。

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