男子走り幅跳び決勝のパフォーマンス変数の測定に関する研究

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  • 本研究は、1991年7月にイングランドのシェフィールドで開催されたWorld Student Gamesの男子走り幅跳び決勝の選手のパフォーマンス変数を測定することを目的としています。
  • 10名の決勝進出選手の試技を100Hzのシネフィルムで記録し、最後のストライド、接地、離陸の運動学データを取得しました。
  • 研究の結果、離陸速度は接地速度に比例し、水平速度が減少する代わりに垂直速度が増加することが確認されました。また、機械的、生体力学的、および筋肉の要素がパフォーマンスに関与していることが示されました。
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  • ベストアンサー

工学系の大学一年生です。

工学系の大学一年生です。 英語の論文の購読をしてます。 自分なりに訳したのですが 最後の文章が全くわからずたじろいでます。 宜しければ添削・ご教授願います。 ((論文)) This study was concerned with the measurement of performance variables from competitors in the men’s long jump final of the World Student Games held in Sheffield, England,in July 1991. Several performances of 10 finalists were recorded on cine film at 100Hz. Resulting sagittal plane kinematic data were obtained for the last stride, touchdown, and takeoff for a total of 27 jumps. It was confirmed that takeoff velocity was a function of touchdown velocity, and that there was an increase in vertical velocity at the expense of a reduction of horizontal velocity. It was concluded that there was evidence for mechanics which may be termed mechanical,biomechanical, and muscular. The former relates to the generation of vertical velocity by the body pivoting over the base of support during the compression phase, and a lifting of the arms and free leg during the lift phase; the second is the elastic reutilization of energy; and the third is the contribution by concentric muscular contraction. ((試みた和訳)) 本研究は1991年7月イングランドのシェフィールドで開かれたWorld Student Gamesの男子走り幅跳び決勝の選手からパフォーマンスの変数(に関わる要素)の測定に関するものである。10名の決勝に残った選手のいくつかの跳躍(試技)が100Hz動作の映画カメラで撮影された。全27回のジャンプ(試技)の最終ストライド,接地,離陸の間にサジタル面(球欠,矢状面)の運動学的データが得られた。接地速度が離陸速度に応じ、水平速度が費やされると垂直速度の増加があったことが確認された。機械的、生体力学的、及び筋肉メカニズムの証拠があると結論づけられた。前者は接地時のbase of support を旋回する身体による垂直速度の発生によるものであり、また、跳躍段階中に腕、及び、自由足を持ち上げる段階に関係している。2つ目は弾性エネルギー再利用。3つ目は同心円状の筋収縮による寄与である。 宜しくお願い致します。

  • 英語
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  • ありがとう数5

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  • bakansky
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回答No.1

よくまぁ訳されたものだと感心。「添削」 できるほどの能力はとてもないので、自分でも訳してみました。粗雑なものですが、何かしらのヒントにでもなればと思ったので、投稿してみます。  本論は、1991年7月に英国シェフィールドで開催された世界学生選手権大会において、男子走り幅跳び決勝に進出した競技者の、性能変数を測定した結果に関する論考である。10名が決勝に進出し、そのうちの何人かの跳躍を100Hzのフリッカー・レートで撮影した。最終ストライドから着地、そして足が地面から離れるまでを、計27回、矢状面の運動データとして記録したのである。踏切り時の速度は着地する時の速度と相関関係にあり、また、垂直方向への速度が増せば水平方向の速度は落ちるということが確認された。物理的な力学としても、生体力学としても、あるいは筋肉の働きとしても説明できるような、力学的根拠が存在するといえる。すなわち第1に、身体を縮めて回転力を与えることにより垂直方向への速度を生み出し、腕や足を宙で伸ばす動作は物理的な力学的作用に関連する。第2に、弾性エネルギーの再利用という点で生体力学に関係する。そして第3に、筋肉の求心作用による働きという点で筋肉の問題でもある。

h9tanini
質問者

お礼

貴重なお時間を割いていただいてありがとうございます 参考にさせていただきますね。

その他の回答 (1)

noname#232424
noname#232424
回答No.2

長さが限られた「アブストラクト」らしく,極度に切り詰めて書いてあるようです。これを読んで「こいつ,なに言いたいんだ?」と思った読者は,本文のほうにも目を通してちょうだいな。ちゃんと図や数式でも説明してるからさ。 ・・・その手の英文です。さらにぼくはスポーツや運動力学方面は弱いので,有効な回答ができるかどうかわからん(笑)。 performance variables: 跳躍(の飛距離)にかかわる変数群 Several performances of 10 finalists were recorded on cine film at 100Hz:10人の決勝進出者のそれぞれ何回かの跳躍が,毎秒100駒の映画フィルム上に記録された Resulting sagittal plane kinematic data were obtained:その結果,選手の体側面から見た力学的データが得られた (たぶん,カメラは選手を側方からとらえ,選手の跳躍に同調して前方に動いた) there was an increase in vertical velocity at the expense of a reduction of horizontal velocity: 水平方向の速度を犠牲にして,垂直方向の速度の増加があった (運動量を横から縦方向にふりかえた) there was evidence for mechanics which may be termed mechanical, biomechanical, and muscular:機械的,身体運動学的,解剖学的といえる仕組みについての証拠があった 以下は,ぼくにもよくわからん(笑)。 The former relates to the generation of vertical velocity by the body pivoting over the base of support during the compression phase, and a lifting of the arms and free leg during the lift phase:機械的仕組みは,踏切り過程で体を屈曲させたり,上昇過程で腕や自由になっているほうの足を持ち上げて,体が垂直速度を発生させることに関係する。 the second is the elastic reutilization of energy: 身体運動学的な仕組みは,エネルギーを弾性的に再利用することである。(身体を1個の弾性体として使って,運動エネルギーを有効利用するという意味か?) the third is the contribution by concentric muscular contraction: 解剖学的な仕組みは,筋肉を丸太のように収縮させて寄与させることである。(concentric の意味については,たぶん本文中になにか図解があるはず)

h9tanini
質問者

お礼

貴重なお時間を割いていただいてありがとうございます 参考にさせていただきますね。

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