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2011/10/27 00:21

The labor theory of value continued to be accepted because of the ideological uses it served in supporting the right of private property. よろしくお願いします。

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2011/10/27 00:46 回答No.1

労働価値説は、それが私有財産権を支える際に果たしたイデオロギーの用途のために、認められ続けました。

関連するQ&A

以下の英文を訳してください困ってます！！

The fact that such a cubistic analysis tended to dissolve the visual image---in such works as Picasso's Portrait of Kahnweiler or Woman with a Guitar---led Picasso to abandon the analysis at a point where the organic or vitalistic nature of the object was compromised. Though he has continued to make experiments which might be described as ‘cubistic’,Picasso has never adopted a style of pure abstraction.Nor did Juan Gris carry abstraction to its logical conclusion; though his theory of synthetic cubism in-volves abstraction as a basis for painting, but only as a basis. 翻訳サイトを使うと日本語がおかしくなってしまいます・・・。
以下の英文を訳して下さい。

(1) The waters around Great Britain and Ireland, including the whole of the English Channel, are hereby declared to be a War Zone. From February 18 onwards every enemy merchant vessel encountered in this zone will be destroyed, nor will it always be possible to avert the danger thereby threatened to the crew and passengers. (2) Neutral vessels also will run a risk in the War Zone, because in view of the hazards of sea warfare and the British authorization of January 31 of the misuse of neutral flags, it may not always be possible to prevent attacks on enemy ships from harming neutral ships.
英文の邦訳

The economics of energy was ideally suited to become an economics of measurement, for it permitted the productivity of labor to be assessed against an absolute standard. It made the labor of machines, animals, and men commensurable. 上記英文のラストセンテンスを御訳し下さい。
以下の英文を訳して下さい。

The whole operation turned out to be an utter failure, as it abated the Russians' morale without providing any help to the French, and has become a shining example of the use of a widely-known WWI method of war, the human wave attack. Huge masses of people were continuously sent into the battle over and over again in the same place of the enemy front. Eventually, the attack on the German positions was brought to a halt because, as General Evert noted in his order issued on March 30, it had not led to "decisive results" and "the onset of warm weather and abundant rains" had turned much of the area into swamps.
以下の英文を訳して下さい。

Casualties and aftermath 120 Turkish troops were killed in the battle and another 190 were wounded. 3,456 prisoners were captured by the British, including 145 officers. A handful of members of the garrison escaped by swimming the Euphrates. British casualties numbered 995, though many of these had been only slightly wounded due to the Turkish shrapnel bursting too high to be of much effect. A great deal of materiel was seized, including 13 artillery pieces, 12 machine guns and large quantities of ammunition and other supplies. The capture of Ramadi also led to the local Arab tribes switching sides and supporting the British. Maude later called the action "an instance of as clean and business-like a military operation as one could wish to see." The fall of the town was so sudden that on the day after the battle a German pilot attempted to land at Ramadi before he realised who now occupied it and made a hasty escape. The town was deemed sufficiently secure that on the following day, the British decided to continue their advance to assault Hīt, the next major Turkish-held town on the Euphrates. The Battle of Broodseinde was fought on 4 October 1917 near Ypres in Flanders, at the east end of the Gheluvelt plateau, by the British Second and Fifth armies and the German 4th Army. The battle was the most successful Allied attack of the Battle of Passchendaele. Using "bite-and-hold" tactics, with objectives limited to what could be held against German counter-attacks, the British devastated the German defence, which prompted a crisis among the German commanders and caused a severe loss of morale in the German 4th Army. Preparations were made by the Germans for local withdrawals and planning began for a greater withdrawal, which would entail the loss for the Germans of the Belgian coast, one of the strategic aims of the British offensive. After the period of unsettled but drier weather in September, heavy rain began again on 4 October and affected the remainder of the campaign, working more to the advantage of the German defenders, being pushed back on to far less damaged ground. Broodseinde ブルードサインデ
以下の英文を訳して下さい。

Since the 1867 Treaty of London, Luxembourg had been an explicitly neutral state. The Luxembourg Crisis had seen Prussia thwart France's attempt to purchase the Grand Duchy from the Netherlands. Luxembourg's neutrality was accepted by Prussia's then-Chancellor, Otto von Bismarck, who boasted, "In exchange for the fortress of Luxembourg, we have been compensated by the neutrality of the country, and a guarantee that it shall be maintained in perpetuity." In June 1914, Archduke Franz Ferdinand, heir to the thrones of Austria-Hungary, was assassinated by pan-Slavic nationalists, leading to a sudden deterioration in relations between Austria-Hungary and Serbia. Austria-Hungary was supported by the German Empire, whilst Serbia had the backing of the Russian Empire. On 28 July, Austria-Hungary attacked Serbia, which, in turn, required the mobilisation of Russia, hence of Germany, thanks to its responsibilities under the Dual Alliance.
この英文の読み方を教えてください

My elder sister is learning the PC at the university. to which it learns of what? The elder sister is learning the programming of the PC. The problem that the elder sister is doing seems to be difficult. The elder sister likes game. The elder sister is always playing a game when there is time. Therefore, it is a dream in the elder sister to do the programming of the personal computer game. I am supporting such my elder sister. の読み方をどなたかカタカナか平仮名で教えて下さい！お願いします！
以下の英文を訳して下さい。

After the failure of the all-conservative government, the Grand Duchess turned to the leading liberal politician, Victor Thorn, to form a new government. After Eyschen's premiership of 27 years, two governments had come and gone in three months, and the Luxembourgish people were becoming disillusioned with the failure of the politicians. Thorn's nature was to be a conciliatory leader, and he made a direct appeal to the Chamber of Deputies to support his government, no matter the deputies' individual ideological persuasions: "If you want a government that acts, and is capable of acting, it is imperative that all parties support this government." This support was forthcoming from all parties, but only on the condition that each was invited into the government; Thorn was left with no choice but to afford them this. The resulting grand coalition cabinet included every leading light in Luxembourgish politics; besides Thorn himself, there were the conservatives Léon Kauffmann and Antoine Lefort, the socialist leader Dr Michel Welter, and the liberal Léon Moutrier.
以下の英文を訳して下さい。

Colonel Khalil Pasha's XIII Corps, composed up of 35th and 52nd Infantry Divisions, moved down river to block any advance by the Tigris Corps. The 52nd Division had arrived in region in time to take part in the Battle of Ctesiphon and the early stages of the siege of Kut. It was a war formed division which originally served in Caucasus region before being rushed to the Mesopotamian theater. The 35th Division, on the other hand, was a pre-war division that had originally been assigned to defend the Basra and Baghdad vilayets. Along with the 38th Division, they had unsuccessfully opposed the I.E.F. "D" initial advances. After suffering heavy casualties, the survivors of the 35th and 38th Divisions had been consolidated into a single division. While this brought the 35th Division up to something close to an effective combat strength, it also brought with it the morale problems which had existed in the 38th Division. The 38th Division had been composed primarily of levies from the Arab and Kurdish populations. Neither group felt any particular attachment to the Ottoman government. Their loyalty was suspect, and discipline was always a problem. Between them, the 35th and 52nd Divisions would be able to muster approximately 9000 infantry, 20 artillery pieces, a brigade of cavalry, as well as a group of mounted Arab irregulars.
英文を訳して下さい。

By 5 August the brigades of the 2nd Australian Division were exhausted and were to be relieved by the 4th Australian Division. While the relief was underway on the night of 5–6 August the Australians were subjected to an extreme bombardment, because the salient they occupied could be shelled by the Germans from all directions, including from Thiepval which lay to the rear. On the morning of 6 August, a German counter-attack tried to approach the O.G. Lines but was met by machine gun fire and forced to dig in. The bombardment continued through the day, by the end of which most of the 2nd Division had been relieved. From its twelve days in the line, the division had suffered 6,848 casualties.
英文の翻訳をお願いします。

どなたか英文を翻訳していただける方が居ましたらぜひお願いいたします。 I hinted at the end of chapter 1 that while some people consider theory to be a mystification of practice, rather than a tool for disseminating or supporting it, I believe that theories help us to appreciate our practice with more depth and resonance. Ultimately, your response to what we've outlined in this book might be to suggest a theory of your own, based on your own thinking and experience - as some of the practitioners we've interviewed do. But be careful in supported by empirical evidence. The next stage is to work out how you can put your own informed opinions to the test and turn them into a sound theory. Finally, remember that this book is by no means the last word on anything. We hope to have last word on anything. We hope to have whetted your appetite to look at visual communication in more detail, and pointed you in the direction of alternative sources that will extend your knowledge even further.
かなり長文なのですが、以下の英文で困っています！

かなり長文なのですが、以下の英文で困っています！以下の英文はどのように訳すでしょうか？どうぞよろしくお願いします！！ Resource management as a whole In studying agrodiversity, it is also necessary to take account of diversity in resource management as a whole. The small farm regions of the tropical world contain a high degree of biodiversity, sometimes greater in species numbers than the wild land itself. Only a portion of this biodiversity is directly manipulated for production, although a much higher proportion provides services of various kinds to the farmers. It provides food and economically valuable fruits, nuts, and leaves, restores soil fertility, yield wood and raw materials for artisanal production, offers a range of medicines, shelters wildlife that can be hunted, and so on. Whether or not agroforests are part of the system, the farm does not end where the field meets the wood. We need to look at the continuum between the two and examine the manner in which the managed and unmanaged wild elements relate to the cultivated land and plants. Inclusion of managed and unmanaged wild elements in the content of agridiversity or agrobiodiversity is contrary to the view of some modern students of agricultural biodiversity. Wood and Lenne(1992a:2) excluded “wild plants and animals of food value outside the agroecosystem“ from the domain of agrobiodiversity because they are of small importance on the global level. On the local level, they can be of major importance. Chapter 4 introduces the integral significance of the wild populations historically. The topic is taken further in chapter 6, and chapter 8 develops the close relationship between farm and forest in depth. Food and useful plant sources beyond the field are indeed part of the farm.
四つの短い英文について

1. Go for who is proud to have you, Not because you're pretty, but because they value you as a person. 冒頭の文章は、私に好意を抱くことを誇りに思う人を選びなさい、ということでよいでしょうか？ 2. The best feeling in the world is knowing your presence and absence both* mean something to someone. both*の前には that が省略されていると考えてよいでしょうか？ 3. People were created to be loved. Things were created to be used. The reason the world is in chaos is because things are being loved and people are being used. これは冒頭の文章以外はさっぱり訳しきれません orz 4. this isn't how it's always going to be こうなるということが常にないというわけではない、つまり、こうなることもある、という感じなんでしょうか。以上、ご教示くださいませ。
以下の英文を訳して下さい。

In January 1917, a British column including the Light Armoured Car Brigade with Rolls-Royce Armoured Cars and three Light Car Patrols, was dispatched to Siwa. On 3 February, the armoured cars surprised and engaged the Senussi at Girba, who retreated overnight. Siwa was entered on 4 February, un-opposed but a British ambush party at the Munassib Pass was foiled, when the escarpment was found to be too steep for the armoured cars. The light cars managed to descend the escarpment and captured a convoy on 4 February. Next day the Senussi from Girba were intercepted but managed to establish a post the cars were unable to reach and then warned off the rest of the Senussi. The British force returned to Matruh on 8 February and Sayyid Ahmed withdrew to Jaghbub. Negotiations between Sayed Idris and the Anglo-Italians which had begun in late January, were galvanised by news of the Senussi defeat at Siwa. At Akramah on 12 April, Idris accepted the British terms and those of Italy on 14 April.
英文の分かりやすい訳し方

訳を尋ねたいです。 None of the developed countries that were represented still uses its traditional technology. 表された先進国のどこもまだ伝統的な技術を使ってない。と訳したのですが、もっとうまい訳はないでしょうか？ Noneとwere representedはどう訳せばいいんでしょうか？ The participants from developed countries adopted what might be called a `moral` attitude to the problem of development. what以降が難しいです。 what might be calledはどう考えればいいんでしょうか？先進国からの関係者は発展の問題に「道徳的な」態度と呼ばれるかもしれないことを採用した。分かりやすい訳を教えて欲しいです。 The speakers stressed how poor developing countries are , and how it is `wrong` of them to spend badly needed money on expensive project. これも役を教えて欲しいです。話者は発展途上国がいかに貧しいか、また、発展途上国が高値の企画に必要とされる金を悪く使っているかをいかに「悪」であるかを力説した。 wrongやof them、badly needed moneyの訳が難しいです。おねがいします。
以下の英文を訳して下さい。

Artillery support was available but since German positions were unknown and to avoid alerting the Germans, there was no preparatory barrage to soften up the German positions. Instead the artillery would bombard the town for the hour once the attack began and then move its line of fire back beyond the line held by the Allies before the German attack. The attack took place on the night of 24/25 April, after a postponement from 8:00 p.m. Glasgow argued that it would still be light, with terrible consequences for his men and that the operation should start at 10:00 p.m. and "zero hour" was eventually set for 10:00 p.m. The operation began with German machine gun crews causing many Australian casualties. A number of charges against machine-gun posts helped the Australian advance; in particular, Lieutenant Clifford Sadlier of the 51st Battalion, was awarded the Victoria Cross, after attacking with hand-grenades. The two brigades swept around Villers-Bretonneux and the Germans retreated, for a while escaping the pocket along a railway cutting. The Australians eventually captured the German positions and pushed the German line back, leaving the German troops in Villers-Bretonneux surrounded. The British units attacked frontally and suffered many casualties. By 25 April, the town had been recaptured and handed back to the villagers. The battle was a great success for the Australian troops, who had defeated the German attempt to capture Amiens and recaptured Villers-Bretonneux while outnumbered; the village remained in Allied hands to the end of the war. Fighting continued in Villers-Bretonneux and the vicinity for months after the counter-attack. The Australians spent Anzac Day in hand-to-hand fighting and the town was not secured until 27 April. On 26 April a French Moroccan Division attack on Hangard Wood, south of the village, was a costly failure and on 3 May an attack by the Australian 12th Brigade towards Monument Wood south-east of Villers-Bretonneux failed, with the 48th Australian Battalion, losing over 150 men to the Jäger. The German offensive in the Australian sector ended in late April. As the Germans turned their attention to the French sectors in May and June, a lull occurred on the Somme, during which the Australians exploited their success at Villers-Bretonneux by conducting "peaceful penetration" operations, that slowly advanced the front eastwards.
以下の英文を訳して下さい。

However, the 52nd Division did reach Beit Likia and the Yeomanry Division Beit Ur el Tahta by the end of the first day. The 75th, advancing along the only real road in the area, made good progress, fighting through the Ottoman hilltop defences, secured the villages of Saris and Kuryet el Enab on 20 November. The first village in the afternoon, the second before nightfall, in an infantry assault under cover of a thick belt of fog, which obscured the defenders vision. They had however only come up against rearguard positions and still had to face the main Ottoman force. Elsewhere the 52nd Division were making some progress but the yeomanry were confronted by a strong position of 3,000 infantry supported by artillery on the Zeitun ridge west of Bireh. During a back and forwards battle the yeomanry did at one stage capture the position, but were forced back again on 21 November. On the same day, the 75th Division changed the direction of the attack north-east towards Biteh, to meet up with the mounted division. The division was stopped at Biddu, and the heights of Nebi Samwil. Fighting through the day, the village was eventually taken by the 234th Brigade that evening. However the two infantry divisions were now bogged down and no further progress could be made. The British attack continued on the next day, 22 November, against El Jib. However both infantry divisions were now in need of reinforcements, and unsupported by artillery, which could not get up the mountain tracks. Fighting for three days, but unable to break through the main Ottoman defensive position, the attack stalled. For the next two weeks, the Ottoman army tried to retake Nebi Samwil. The British captured 750 prisoners during the period. The heavy casualties they sustained during the attempt seriously affected their ability to stop the next British attempt to take Jerusalem. Considering the heavy casualties which had been sustained by his command, General Bulfin requested that XX Corps take over the line and by the 28th November the reliefs of the various of XXI Corps was completed. In obtaining a footing on some of the most difficult hills on the Judean heights the efforts of the 52nd and 75th divisions enabled General Allenby to initiate a new plan to capture Jerusalem so they share the honour with the 53rd, 60th (who were already attached to the XX Corps at Latrun) and 75th Divisions, as well the Yeoman Mounted division, which were present at the finish.
英文和訳です

Popular culture’s association of flying cars with the future is strong even in stories that take place in the present. Flying cars are, in such stories, treated as machines so advanced they seem almost magical. Characters who build their own flying cars ― like the eccentric inventors in The Absent-Minded Professor(1962), Chitty Chitty Bang Bang (1968), and the Back to the Future films(1985-1990) ― are treated as modern-day wizards. Characters who merely use flying cars are invariably shown to be partners of a wizardlike inventor or beneficiaries of some other form of advanced intelligence. The jet backpack that James Bond uses at the beginning of You Only Live Twice(1967) is the brainchild of Q, the Secret Service’s endlessly inventive armorer. The flying bicycles in the climax of E.T.(1982) fly because the wide-eyed alien of the title wills them to. よろしくお願いします＾＾；
以下の英文を訳して下さい。

On 18 April the II Corps was ordered by the Regency Council to stop near Kaniv in Ukraine; in a triangle between Potik, Kozyn and Stepantsi. Soon it begun to be surrounded by a nearby German units. On 6 May the commander of the 28th German Landwehr Brigade, General Zierold, subordinate of Marshal Hermann von Eichhorn, issued an ultimatum to the II Corps, demanding it lay down its arms and surrender. II Corps readied for battle, and surprised Zierold, who was unprepared for battle. Zierold backed down saying that the ultimatum was a miscommunication. Soon however Zierold received reinforcements, which convinced him he had enough strength to force the issue. On the night of the tenth of May to the eleventh of May 1918, II Corps was surrounded and attacked by German units. Polish units, initially surprised, formed on the village of Yemchykha and took defensive positions. The II Corps resisted for about a day, and both sides sustained heavy losses. By the evening of 11 May the Germans, who did not expect the Poles to put such a stiff resistance, proposed a ceasefire and negotiations. With supplies running low the Poles accepted the offer to negotiate, and eventually agreed to an honorable capitulation. The battle resulted in heavy losses for the Germans, estimated at about 1,500 dead and 273 wounded. Polish losses are estimated to be much smaller, at about few dozen killed and about 150 wounded. Half of the Polish survivors were arrested and sent to prisoner of war camps (number of prisoners is estimated at about 3,250; another estimate suggests 4,000 imprisoned, and 1,500-2,000 who escaped), but the others managed to escape. Those who escaped included the Polish commander Józef Haller de Hallenburg, who faked his death in the battle, and fled to France where he was later appointed commander of the new Polish unit, the Blue Army (or Haller's Army). In the Second Polish Republic, several units would adopt the name "of Kaniów" in honor of that battle: the 28th, 29th, 30th and 31st Infantry Regiments (of Kaniów Rifleman, Polish: Pułki Strzelców Kaniowskich") and 6th Uhlan Kaniów Regiment (6 Pułk Ułanów Kaniowskich). The Revolt of the Czechoslovak Legion was the armed actions of the Czechoslovak Legions in the Russian Civil War against Bolshevik authorities during May - August, 1918, in Volga, Siberia and Ural regions.
どんな意味？

以下の英語は正しくありませんが、どんな意味でしょう。 tensit は英語ではないかもしれません。「たぶん、こんな意味だろう」でよろしいので、ご回答をお願いします。 ●No calm zones in the tanks for the grease remove solution because of tensit and builder. In that case you will not have enough tensit at grease removing step. ●The exhaust swimmer for the adsorption filtration should not be in the calm zone because of the loss of tensit at the grease remove system.

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以下の英文を訳してください困ってます！！

以下の英文を訳して下さい。

英文の邦訳

以下の英文を訳して下さい。

以下の英文を訳して下さい。

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この英文の読み方を教えてください

以下の英文を訳して下さい。

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英文を訳して下さい。

英文の翻訳をお願いします。

かなり長文なのですが、以下の英文で困っています！

四つの短い英文について

以下の英文を訳して下さい。

英文の分かりやすい訳し方

以下の英文を訳して下さい。

以下の英文を訳して下さい。

英文和訳です

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どんな意味？

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