高校英語教科書の文章の要約と解説

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  • 高校2年の教科書の文章には、子供が友達の家を褒めることが親を不快にさせ、子供が親の存在を避ける結果になるという内容が含まれています。
  • 子供の親に対する失望は避けられないものであり、それによって子供は親の信頼性を疑い、自己判断力を養い始めます。
  • 子供は、親が間違いを認めたり、公平さを守る姿勢を見せることに敬意を払います。しかし、親がそれを拒否すると子供は許し難く思います。
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高校英語教科書の文章です

高校2年の教科書の文章です。長文ですみません。意味などわからないことが沢山あります。よろしくお願いします。 (1) Parents are often upset when their children praise the homes of their friends and regard it as a strong disapproval of their own cooking, or cleaning, or furniture, and often are foolish enough to let the adolescents see that they are annoyed. (2) They may even accuse them of disloyalty, or try to find fault with the friends' parents. (3) Such a loss of dignity and descent into childish behavior on the part of the adults deeply shocks the adolescents, and makes them resolve that in future they will not talk to their parents about the places or people they visit. (4) Before very long the parents will be complaining that the child is so secretive and never tells them anything, but they seldom realize that they have caused this themselves. (5) Disappointment with the parents, however good and adequate they may be both as parents and individuals, is to some degree inevitable. (6) Most children have such a high ideal of their parents, unless the parents themselves have been unsatisfactory, that it can hardly hope to stand up to a realistic evaluation. (7) Parents would be greatly surprised and deeply touched if they realized how much belief their children usually have in their character and infallibility, and how much this faith means to a child. (8) If parents were prepared for this adolescent reaction, and realized that it was a sign that the child was growing up and developing valuable powers of observation and independent judgment, they would not be so hurt, and therefore would not drive the child into opposition by resenting and resisting it. (9) The adolescent, with his passion for sincerity, always respects a parent who admits that he is wrong, or ignorant, or even that he has been unfair or unjust. (10) What the child cannot forgive is the parents' refusal to admit these accusations if the child knows them to be true. (質問1) (3)で、shocks とmakesの主語は、a loss of dignity and descentだと思いますが、   なぜ単数で受けているのでしょうか。 (6)で、hopeの主語は通常、「人」ではないでしょうか。このような使い方は正しいのでしょうか。 あるいは、it can hardly hope for them to stand up to a realistic evaluation の for them の省略形でしょうか。 「彼らが、現実の評価に立ち向かうことは、望むことはできない。」となるのでしょうか。 文章の意味・いいたいことがよくわかりません。 themが子供達なら、子供たちは、親を信頼しているので、現実の評価に立ち向かって ゆくのではないのでしょうか。 themが親なら、親が現実の評価に立ち向かうことができないのは、ごく当たり前だから、 わざわざここで述べる必要もないのではないでしょうか。 (7)で、infallibilityとは、辞書には、絶対確実とありますが、信念と訳せばよいのでしょうか。 (9)で、代名詞の使い方ですが、his passionは子供の熱意だと思いますが、   he is wrong のheは、a parentでしょうか。   ひとつの文章にあるheが指すものが前後で変わることがあるのでしょうか。

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  • sayshe
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回答No.3

(3)Such a loss of dignity and descent into ... A and B が、同時に起こると考えられる時は、単数扱いになることがあります。 All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. Slow and steady wins the race. 等のことわざでも見かけます。 (6)hope が必ずしも、人を主語にしていない例は見つかります。 次の辞書で "it hopes to"で検索すると、 http://eow.alc.co.jp/it+hopes+to/UTF-8/ に示された様な用例が出てきます。 また、"it can hardly hope to" で、Google 検索すると、この質問文を含めて、けっこうたくさん用例に出会えます。一部を紹介します。和訳は、拙訳です。 * No cultural history has yet done justice to this fundamental state of affairs, and it can hardly hope to do so. いかなる文化史もまだこの基本的な状況を正当に取扱ったことはありませんし、それ(文化史)が、そうすること(正当に取り扱うこと)をほとんど望むことはできません。 * If India cannot take a free stand on Iran, it can hardly hope to claim an independent foreign policy. インドがイランに対して自由な立場をとることができないならば、それ(インド)は独立した外交政策を主張することをほとんど望むことができません。 * And Iran keeps threatening to wipe Israel off the map, which it can hardly hope to do without nuclear arms, そして、イランはイスラエルを地図上から抹消すると脅迫し続けています、そしてそのこと(イスラエルを地図から抹消すること)を、それ(イラン)は核兵器を使わずに行うことはほとんど望むことができません、 ちなみに、質問の文では、it = a high ideal of their parents を指しているように思います。「親に対する高い理想が、現実の評価にほとんど耐えることを望めない」ではないでしょうか? (7)infallibility 少し難しい日本語ですが、「無謬性(少しの誤りもないこと)」等の訳語が適当ではないかと思います。 <参考> http://ejje.weblio.jp/content/infallibility (9)おっしゃる通りです。文脈から判断が付く場合には、このように、人称代名詞が、受けている名詞が、違うこともあります。 ★ <参考> 以下にこの文の和訳があります。 http://homepage2.nifty.com/masako-taki-1272/eibun-seisyun-01.htm

wakakusa01
質問者

お礼

saysheさま 例文の引用まで、親切に有難うございます。

その他の回答 (2)

回答No.2

(3)で、shocks とmakesの主語は、a loss of dignity and descentだと思いますが、   なぜ単数で受けているのでしょうか。 ★主語はdignity and descentの複数ではなくa lossの単数だからです。 (6)で、hopeの主語は通常、「人」ではないでしょうか。このような使い方は正しいのでしょうか。 辞書にもhopeは「人が主語」になると書いてありますが、現実には物が主語になっている例もいくつか見られます。擬人法的な使われ方だと思います。 ★to stand up to a realistic evaluationはhopeの目的語なので、形式主語構文ととらえることはできません。for themを入れたとしてもそれはstand upするのがthemということであって、あくまでもhopeの主語はit(=a high ideal of their parents)です。そしてstand upするのもitなのでfor themの省略と言うことはないです。 (7)で、infallibilityとは、辞書には、絶対確実とありますが、信念と訳せばよいのでしょうか。 ★ここは難しいところです。infallibilityとandで結ばれているの直前のcharacterではなく、belief です。A and BのA,Bは同じような語を結ぶことが多いです。ここはどちらも「信念」というような意味ですのでまとめて1つの訳でいいと思います(infallibilityには宗教的な意味合いがあるようなので日本語になじみません) (9)で、代名詞の使い方ですが、his passionは子供の熱意だと思いますが、   he is wrong のheは、a parentでしょうか。   ひとつの文章にあるheが指すものが前後で変わることがあるのでしょうか。 ★heの前にa parentが出てきているので、指すものが変わっても問題ないと思います。

  • bakansky
  • ベストアンサー率48% (3502/7245)
回答No.1

教科書にこんな文章が載っているとは! 私にはひっくり返りそうなくらいに難解です。 (3) 普通は A and B shock ... ですが、この文の場合、and 以下がその前の a loss of dignity を言い換えた (説明した) ものになっているように見えます。このような場合、主語を単数とみなすこともあるのではないかと思われます。つまり、and の前後に表現されていることが、「同一の対象物」 である、というところから shocks という形を取ったのではないか、と思います。まるで別物であれば、当然に shock という形になるはずです。 (6) これも悩ましい部分ですが、 it can hardly hope = it is hard to hope のようなものではないかと思います。だから、it は仮主語で、ある状況を表している。なお、stand up to ... は、私は 「評価に立ち向かう」 というより 「評価に耐える」 という意味ではないかと思います。「そういうことだったら、現実問題として評価の対象にできない」 (7) infallibility は infallible という語の名詞形ですが、infallible は incapable erring とか certain という意味があります。要するに 「ブレない」 ってことでしょうか。「信念」 でもいいと思います。 (9) 私もその he は a parent だと思います。必要に応じて代名詞の指し示すものが変ることはあると思います。

wakakusa01
質問者

お礼

bakanskyさま ありがとうございます。よくわかりました。

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