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和訳お願い致します(social meaning...のところ）
The results were fascinating. In almost every conversation, John Deane's recollection of what had actually been said was wrong. Different words were used, topics were mentioned In a different order, and sometimes particularly memorable phrases hadn't actually been said at all. And yet, even though the details were all wrong, the social meaning of what had gone on was perfectly correct. Deane didn't remember the details accurately, even though he thought he did, but he did remember what had happened. It was the meaning of the events which he actually remembered, and his knowledge of what it all meant influenced his recall of the details. (Nicky Hayes, Psychologyより) 上記の英文中の"social meaning"の訳を高校生でも分かるように教えていただけますか？（実は、以前、別のサイトでもうかがったのですが、残念ながら自分の理解力のなさで、諦めました。）ある人に聞いたら、「実質的意味合い」だとおっしゃっていました。前後関係で、この文の言いたいこと（細かいことは間違っていたけれど、本質的なところはあっていた）は分かるのですが、social meaning→「実質的意味合い」というふうになるのが、高校生にどう説明していいか分かりません。それとも別のいい訳がありますか。
- satoruy
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すんません、これ、「社会的意味」以上でも以下でもないです。ここで問題になっているのは、「出来事の詳細」と「出来事の本質」の対比ではありません。 被験者が記憶の錯誤を起こした理由を考えてみましょう。引用文によると、その事件がもたらす社会への影響があまりにも大きく、事件の詳細に関する記憶が影響を受けてしまうほどでした。『事件そのものに関する記憶ではなく、もっぱら事件の持つ社会的意味合いの方に被験者の注意が向いて、記憶が歪められてしまったよ』『だから彼の言う事件の詳細は間違ってたんだよ。その事件の社会的意味についての彼の考えは正確かも知れないけどね』＿こういうことです。
その他の回答 (5)
- Shinnbone
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なるほど、Riverview さんのおっしゃるように、 social meaning はある特定グループのファッションなどがグループ内、また対外的にどう言う意味を持つか、等という使い方も出来ますね。そういうニュアンスで、普段の何気ない会話や出来事に使ってもよいだろうと訂正します。
- Riverview
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ジョン・ディーンの記憶を検証してみると、何が話されたかについては間違っていたが、何が起こったのかについては正しく覚えていた。つまり、細部で正確さを欠いても、全体の脈絡では間違いがなかった、ということです。こういう文脈の中でsocial meaningという言葉が出てきます。これをどう考えるか、です。 まず、social meaningがどう使われるかを具体的にみてみましょう。 The young are acutely aware of the social meaning of what they wear 「服装が仲間内でどういう意味を持つのか」 URL: http://tinyurl.com/dqf3w he 'alerted us to the social meaning of what money buys' 「金で買えるものといった場合、世の中でどういう意味を持つのか」 URL: http://tinyurl.com/cypul この辺りを参考にしてこの文を訳すとこんな感じでしょうか。 「事態の成行が社会的な観点からどういう意味を持つのかという点では少しの間違いもなかった」
- Shinnbone
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例文は「会話」についての記憶に関する記述のようです。しかし、what had gone on は、「何が起こったか」という意味ですね。何かの会議か話し合いで、非常に影響力のあるものだったのでしょうか？ 例えば和平交渉の席上で言われた細かい事に関する記憶には間違いがかなりあったが、その交渉自体の「社会的な意味」、つまりその社会的影響力等に関する理解は正しい、という事でしょうね。 もしそうでなくて、ここで言う記憶が普段のなんでもない会話や出来事に関するものなら、"social meaning" は私にはちょっと大げさな表現に聞こえます。
- taked4700
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the social meaning of what had gone on でひとつの意味のまとまりと考えたほうが、簡単でしょう。 つまり、「起こったことについての社会的意味」つまり、「起こったことの社会的結果」となり、それが、「実際的な意味合い」となり、「実質的意味合い」となる。
- yiwt
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「記憶を言い表す単語が違っていたり、出来事の順序が違っていたり、詳細が間違っていたりはしたが、詳細がすべからく間違っているにせよ、過ぎ去ったことに対する"social meaning"は完全に正しかった」ということですね。 確かに「実質的意味合い」は無難な訳語で、文脈は通じるようです。でもちょっと「逃げ」の訳かなと思います。 私なら、「実質的意味合いは完全に正しかった」の替わりに、「言っていることのつじつまは完全に合っていた」と意訳します。 "social meaning"「社会的な意味合い」が正しい、というのはつまり、覚えている内容の正誤はともかく、様々な内容の相互が矛盾せず、つじつまが合っているように聞こえる、と解釈されるからです。
関連するQ&A
- the social meaning of what had gone on was perfectly correct.とは何か？
Memory is an active mental process rather than a simple tape-recording of what has happened. In many ways, this is quite a hard concept to grasp, because we always feel as though we are remembering exactly what happened. But it’s true, nonetheless. （中略） One of the important witnesses in these trials was John Deane, a man who was considered by many to have an astoundingly accurate memory. During the trials, he related a number of very specific conversations which had taken place between the President and other people in the White House. Deane was convinced that he had recounted them accurately. However, later on in the trials, a number of tape-recordings of the same conversations were discovered. The results were fascinating. In almost every conversation, John Deane’s recollection of what had actually been said was wrong. Different words were used, topics were mentioned in a different order, and sometimes particularly memorable phrases hadn’t actually been said at all. And yet, even though the details were all wrong, the social meaning of what had gone on was perfectly correct. Deane didn’t remember the details accurately, even though he thought he did, but he did remember what had happened. It was the meaning of the events which he actually remembered, and his knowledge of what it all meant influenced his recall of the details. Nicky Hayes氏の Psychologyという本からの引用ですが、the social meaning of what had gone on was perfectly correct.という部分がよく分かりません。具体的に説明していただけますでしょうか？
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ネット上で見かけた英文ですが、どういう意味でしょうか？ "Or perhaps―what was likeliest of all―the thing had simply happend because purges and vaporizations were a necessary part of the mechanics of government." 文法的にも少しご解説頂けると幸いです。
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Joe was not a good student. He tried hard, but he was not clever enough to understand everything that he was supposed to learn. In fact, whenever Joe had examinations in the past, he had become so nervous that he could not even remember the little he had learned in class. He would sit there, holding his pen tight and scratching his head while other students were busily writing their answers. Then the time came for the final examination, and Joe spent sleepless nights trying to remember everything he had been taught that year, so that when he went into the examination hall, he was tired and unhappy. The examination papers were handed out, and Joe looked quickly at his copy. The first question was as difficult as he had feared. He read it through several times, and then slowly began to write, but nothing seemed to come easily. Soon he began to sweat, and the drops fell on the paper. To try to gain the teacher's sympathy, he drew rings round the drops with his pen and wrote 'MY SWEAT' under them. The examination finished, and Joe met his friends in the entrance to the hall. They had found the examination easy, they said. "Of course they would!" Joe thought bitterly. A few weeks later the students' examination papers were returned to them with their grades. Joe's friends had all passed, but Joe's grade was 'E', which meant that he had failed. Then, when he looked at his paper more carefully, he saw that there were some more marks of water on it, and under them the teacher had written 'MY TEARS.' 長いですが、よろしくお願い致します。
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The early speculator was harassed by no such scruples, and asserted as facts what he knew in reality only as probabilities. But we are not on that account to doubt his perfect good faith, nor need we attribute to him wilful misrepresentation, or consciousness of asserting that which he knew not to be true. He had seized one great truth, in which, indeed, he anticipated the highest revelation of modern enquiry -- namely, the unity of the design of the world, and its subordination to one sole Maker and Lawgiver. With regard to details, observation failed him. He knew little of the earth's surface, or of its shape and place in the universe; the infinite varieties of organized existences which people it, the distinct floras and faunas of its different continents, were unknown to him. But he saw that all which lay within his observation bad been formed for the benefit and service of man, and the goodness of the Creator to his creatures was the thought predominant in his mind. Man's closer relations to his Maker is indicated by the representation that he was formed last of all creatures, and in the visible likeness of God. For ages, this simple view of creation satisfied the wants of man, and formed a sufficient basis of theological teaching, and if modern research now shows it to be physically untenable, our respect for the narrative which has played so important a part in the culture of our race need be in nowise diminished. No one contends that it can be used as a basis of astronomical or geological teaching, and those who profess to see in it an accordance with facts, only do this sub modo, and by processes which despoil it of its consistency and grandeur, both which may be preserved if we recognise in it, not an authentic utterance of Divine knowledge, but a human utterance, which it has pleased Providence to use Providence a special way for the education of mankind.
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和訳をよろしくお願いします! The voyage was hard. He had many windless days when his boat did not move at all. Sometimes he fell ill and was filled with worries. He was all alone on the ocean. There was no one to tell him what to do. But he got over the difficulties and, 94 days later, he arrived in San Francisco.
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Hugh Miller will be admitted by many as a competent witness to the untenability of the theory of Chalmers and Buckland on mere geological grounds. He had, indeed, a theory of his own to propose, which we shall presently consider; but we may take his word that it was not without the compulsion of what he considered irresistible evidence that he relinquished a view which would have saved him infinite time and labour, could he have adhered to it.
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Here I mention another visitor,well known at that time,who appeared at the laboratory one day.His name was Hiram S.Maxim.He had made an arc lamp and generator which he exploited and which was known as the Maxim arc light system. He,too as I already mentioned,dabbled about wity an incandescent lamp idea in 1878 and like others had no success.His lamp was of very low resistance and possessed many other defects-it was simply an abandoned experiment of no practical value. Maxim was very much interested in what Edison showed him and the two spent almost a day together.Edison explained to him how the paper filaments were made and carbonized and all about the glass-blowing part.In fact,Maxim spent nearly two hours with Edison in the glass house where Boehm,Holzer and Hipple were working.He,too,like the 'celebrated electrician of Cleveland' took leave with the most touching cordiality.
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It should be borne in mind,' says Dr. Buckland, that the object of the account was, not to state in what manner, but by whom the world was made.' Every one must see that this is an unfounded assertion, inasmuch as the greater part of the narrative consists in a minute and orderly description of the manner in which things were made. We can know nothing as to the object of the account, except from the account itself. What the writer meant to state is just that which he has stated, for all that we can know to the contrary. Or can we seriously beleive that if appealed to by one of his Hebrew hearers or readers as to his intention, he would have replied, My only object in what I have written is to inform you that God made the world; as to the manner of His doing it, of which I have given so exact an account, I have no intention that my words should be taken in their literal meaning? We come then to this, that if we sift the Mosaic narrative of all definite meaning, and only allow it to be the expression of the most vague generalities, if we avow that it admits of no certain interpretation, of none that may not be shifted and altered as often as we see fit, and as the exigencies of geology may require, then may we reconcile it with what science teaches. This mode of dealing with the subject has been broadly advocated by a recent writer of mathematical eminence, who adopts the Bucklandian hypothesis, a passage from whose work we shall quote.
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The drastic shift in economic climate forced the countries to re-evaluate their situation and to promote industries where they had fallen short. Austria and Czechoslovakia subsidised the mill, sugar and brewing industries, while Hungary attempted to increase the efficiency of iron, steel, glass and chemical industries. The stated objective was that all countries should become self-sufficient. This tendency, however, led to uniform economies and competitive economic advantage of long well-established industries and research fields evaporated. The lack of specialisation adversely affected the whole Danube-Carpathian region and caused a distinct setback of growth and development compared to the West as well as high financial vulnerability and instability. Romania, Yugoslavia and Czechoslovakia had to assume part of the financial obligations of the former Kingdom of Hungary on account of the parts of its former territory that were assigned under their sovereignty. Some conditions of the Treaty were similar to those imposed on Germany by the Treaty of Versailles. After the war, the Austro-Hungarian navy, air force and army were disbanded. The army of post-Trianon Hungary was to be restricted to 35,000 men and there was to be no conscription. Heavy artillery, tanks and air force were prohibited. Further provisions stated that in Hungary, no railway would be built with more than one track, because at that time railways held substantial strategic importance economically and militarily. Hungary also renounced all privileges in territories outside Europe that were administered by the former Austro-Hungarian monarchy. Articles 54–60 of the Treaty required Hungary to recognise various rights of national minorities within its borders. Articles 61–66 stated that all former citizens of the Kingdom of Hungary living outside the newly defined frontiers of Hungary were to ipso facto lose their Hungarian nationality in one year.
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'Then he showed me the lamps burning in the shop.He said they were obliged to keep them burning eight months before they could do anything. 'We then went into the glss-blowing department,a separate building,out back. Two men were at work there.Edison had enlarged the bulb of his lamp about 33 per cent and they were at work blowing them,and parts of these vacuum pumps. Edison is working a vacumm pump of glass entirely .They were putting some of the carbon horseshoe into the lamps.There was only one man at work putting the carbon in(Batchelor). 'From there I went into a photo-lithographic concern that Edison has just got up,and they were at work pictures.There was one picture of Edison surrounded bu about thirty-five of his workmen taken by this process;and they had a man at work with chemicals,etc.Every now and then my conductor would point out a lamp with remark,''How nice that is burning!''ect.Then he would turn a little screw to turn the light off or on.He couldn't regurate it intermediately.It was eighter all off or all on.I asked him if they could regurate to any intermediate point and he said they couldn't.''These horseshoe burn very well,''he said. '''Some of them burn on an average about 800 hours continuously.''My conductor then took me where the dynamo machines were working and showed me the engine which he said was 80HP-150,I should think,judging from the size of it.He said they had a hundred lamps burning,but I am positive there weren't over 50,even if as many as that,everywhere,in the shop and out of it;and to run them he had 3 dynamo machines worked by this engine,those big upright machines of Edison's,that my conductor said had a capacity of 50 lightseach
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