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質問

Air reconnaissance observed huge numbers of French guns and troops arriving at Doullens station, which showed that the French offensive would continue. A counter-attack to capture Ecurie, to disrupt the French artillery effort was considered and rejected due to the shortage of troops. Only at Neuville could troops assemble unseen and have good artillery observation. The 15th Division (Major-General Vollbrecht) at Neuville, was reinforced with troops from the 115th Division and attacked at 8:30 p.m. on 22 May; despite a 1st Trench Mortar Battalion bombardment and flame thrower support, the attack was a costly failure. To the south, the defence of the Labyrnthe continued, with frequent attacks to recover the first position in the centre, to relieve the right flank, which had been enveloped on three sides but without which Neuville could not be held. Bavarian Reserve Infantry Brigade 2 managed to assemble troops for a counter-attack towards the Lossow-Arkaden and advanced for about 160 yd (150 m) before being repulsed. French attacks in the opposite direction up to six times each day also failed, except for some ground on the Thélus road on the evening of 11 May. German reinforcements which had just arrived, were rushed forward to block the French advance on Thélus. The British attacked on the night of 15/16 May, south of Neuve Chapelle and by 20 May, had advanced 1.9 mi (3 km) and drawn in German reinforcements, which were able to defeat British attacks from 20–21 May over the Estaires–La Bassée road. The French offensive had severely eroded the 6th Army, which had used up all the fresh units sent from the OHL reserve in France. The 2nd Guard Reserve Division was diverted to VII Corps opposite the British and units worn out by the French supporting attacks beyond Artois were needed, before they had been rested. Only the tired 111th Division, 123rd Division and 8th Bavarian Reserve Division remained in the OHL reserve. Artillery reinforcements increased the firepower of the 6th Army, from 100 heavy howitzers and 74 heavy guns to 209 heavy howitzers and 98 heavy guns by 22 May, with plenty of ammunition. From 9–19 May, the 6th Army had fired 508,000 field artillery and 105,000 heavy shells. On 19 May, Krafft von Delmensingen, the 6th Army Chief of Staff, was replaced by Colonel von Wenge and sent to Italy with the new Alpenkorps. At the Lorette Spur, the 117th Division was sent forward to relieve the 28th Division on 18 May, from the Schlammulde (Muddy Hollow) to Ablain and the south end of Souchez. Most of the trenches had been demolished and those near the river were 2 ft (0.61 m) deep in water.

回答No.1

Nakay702 · ベストアンサー

＞Air reconnaissance observed huge numbers of French guns and troops arriving at Doullens station, which showed that the French offensive would continue. A counter-attack to capture Ecurie, to disrupt the French artillery effort was considered and rejected due to the shortage of troops. Only at Neuville could troops assemble unseen and have good artillery observation. The 15th Division (Major-General Vollbrecht) at Neuville, was reinforced with troops from the 115th Division and attacked at 8:30 p.m. on 22 May; despite a 1st Trench Mortar Battalion bombardment and flame thrower support, the attack was a costly failure.
⇒航空偵察隊は、ドゥレン駅に到着する多数のフランス軍の銃砲と軍隊を観察したが、これはフランス軍の攻勢が続くことを示していた。エクリーを攻略するための反撃、フランス軍の砲撃を妨害するための反撃が検討されたが、兵士不足のため拒否された。軍隊は、ヌヴィーユでのみ目撃されないように集まることができ、砲兵隊にとって良好な観測能を得ることができた。ヌヴィーユの第15師団（フォルブレヒト少将）は、第115師団の部隊からの補強を得て5月22日午後8時30分に出撃した。最初の迫撃砲による塹壕砲撃と火炎放射器による支援にもかかわらず、攻撃は高くついて失敗した。

＞To the south, the defence of the Labyrnthe continued, with frequent attacks to recover the first position in the centre, to relieve the right flank, which had been enveloped on three sides but without which Neuville could not be held. Bavarian Reserve Infantry Brigade 2 managed to assemble troops for a counter-attack towards the Lossow-Arkaden and advanced for about 160 yd (150 m) before being repulsed. French attacks in the opposite direction up to six times each day also failed, except for some ground on the Thélus road on the evening of 11 May. German reinforcements which had just arrived, were rushed forward to block the French advance on Thélus.
⇒南方では、「迷宮」の防御を続けながら、中央部の第1陣地を取り戻し、右側面を救援するために頻繁な攻撃を行ったものの、ヌヴィーユ保持のためには欠かせない3方の側面から包囲された。ババリア予備軍歩兵旅団2は、何とかロソウ-アルカデンへの反撃のために部隊を召集編成し、撃退される前に約160ヤード（150 m）前進した。5月11日夜のテルス道の一部地面を除いて、毎日6回もの抵抗隊に向かうフランス軍の攻撃も失敗した。到着したばかりのドイツ軍の増援が、テルスへのフランス軍の進軍を阻止するために急遽前面へ駆せつけた。
※この段落の前後は、誤訳があるかも知れませんが、その節はどうぞ悪しからず。

＞The British attacked on the night of 15/16 May, south of Neuve Chapelle and by 20 May, had advanced 1.9 mi (3 km) and drawn in German reinforcements, which were able to defeat British attacks from 20–21 May over the Estaires–La Bassée road. The French offensive had severely eroded the 6th Army, which had used up all the fresh units sent from the OHL reserve in France. The 2nd Guard Reserve Division was diverted to VII Corps opposite the British and units worn out by the French supporting attacks beyond Artois were needed, before they had been rested. Only the tired 111th Division, 123rd Division and 8th Bavarian Reserve Division remained in the OHL reserve.
⇒英国軍は、5月15/16日の夜ヌーブ・シャペルの南を攻撃し、5月20日までに1.9マイル（3キロ）前進してドイツ軍の援軍を（戦場へ）引き出した。この援軍により、（ドイツ軍は）エステール–ラ・バセ道で5月20－21日の英国軍の攻撃に打ち勝つことができた。フランス軍の攻勢は、フランスにおけるOHL予備軍から送られたすべての新しい部隊を使い果たした第6方面軍を激しく侵食した。第2護衛予備軍師団が英国軍に対抗する第VII軍団に転用され、アルトワの先のフランス軍の支援攻撃によって消耗した部隊が、休息を取る暇もなく必要とされた。疲弊した第111師団、第123師団、および第8バイエルン予備軍師団だけがOHL予備に残った。

＞Artillery reinforcements increased the firepower of the 6th Army, from 100 heavy howitzers and 74 heavy guns to 209 heavy howitzers and 98 heavy guns by 22 May, with plenty of ammunition. From 9–19 May, the 6th Army had fired 508,000 field artillery and 105,000 heavy shells. On 19 May, Krafft von Delmensingen, the 6th Army Chief of Staff, was replaced by Colonel von Wenge and sent to Italy with the new Alpenkorps. At the Lorette Spur, the 117th Division was sent forward to relieve the 28th Division on 18 May, from the Schlammulde (Muddy Hollow) to Ablain and the south end of Souchez. Most of the trenches had been demolished and those near the river were 2 ft (0.61 m) deep in water.
⇒5月22日までに、大砲の増援により、第6方面軍の火力は重榴弾砲100門と重砲74門から重榴弾砲209門と重砲98門に増加し、弾薬も豊富になった。5月9日－19日に、第6方面軍は508,000発の野戦砲弾と105,000発の重砲団を撃った。5月19日、第6方面軍参謀本部長のクラフト・フォン・デルメンシンゲンがフォン・フェンゲ大佐に置き換えられ、新しいアルプス軍団と共にイタリアに派遣された。ロレット山脚では、5月18日、第117師団が第28師団の救援のためにシュラムルデ（ぬかるみ窪地）からアブレン、スーシェの南端まで派遣された。塹壕のほとんどは解体されており、川の近くの塹壕は2フィート（0.61 m）が水に浸っていた。

お礼

回答ありがとうございました。