Why is a baker's dozen 13? - History and Meaning
- Learn why a baker's dozen is 13 and its historical significance. Discover how bakers used this practice to avoid punishment and ensure customer satisfaction.
- Find out the origin of the term 'baker's dozen' and its connection to the Assize of Bread and Ale. Understand how bakers protected themselves from accusations of shortchanging customers by giving 13 items instead of 12.
- Explore the guild codes of the Worshipful Company of Bakers in London and how they enforced the practice of baking 13 items for an intended dozen. Discover the reasoning behind this practice and its role in preventing 'short measure'.
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英語のウィキペディアです。
ウィキ先生を調べていたら日本語版はなく英語版でしか解説がない項目にぶちあたりました。 Chrome変換してみたのですが。どうにもこうにも…へんてこりんな和訳で（笑） 正しい和訳をお願いします。「１２＋１（ダースプラス１）１３」についての記事で私が知りたい項目は以下の文章です。 Baking The "baker's dozen" may have originated as a way for bakers to avoid being blamed for shorting their customers. "Baker's dozen" redirects here. For other uses, see Baker's dozen (disambiguation). A baker's dozen, devil's dozen, long dozen, or long measure is 13, one more than a standard dozen. The oldest known source for the expression "baker's dozen" dates to the 13th century in one of the earliest English statutes, instituted during the reign of Henry III (1216–72), called the Assize of Bread and Ale. Bakers who were found to have shortchanged customers (some variations say that they would sell hollow bread) could be subject to severe punishment including judicial amputation of a hand. To guard against losing a hand to an axe, a baker would give 13 for the price of 12 in order to be certain of not being known as a cheat. Specifically, the practice of baking 13 items for an intended dozen was insurance against "short measure", on the basis that one of the 13 could be lost, eaten, burnt, or ruined in some way, leaving the baker with the original legal dozen. The practice can be seen in the guild codes of the Worshipful Company of Bakers in London. According to the 1811 Dictionary of the Vulgar Tongue, by Capatin Grose, "a Baker's Dozen is Thirteen; that number of rolls being allowed to the purchaser of a dozen". お願いしますm(_ _)m
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- 英語を訳していただきたいのです
以下の英文を訳していただけないでしょうか。節としてはある程度訳せるのですが、つなぎ合わせると日本語にならなくなってしまうんです(;_;) In order to make the analogy hold even slightly and in a somewhat attenuated form, one has to conceive of the worker's motivation as being exceedingly simple. The worker has to be viewedas being primarily interested in the pursuit of pleasure and economic gain and as pursuing these ends in an essentially logical manner. 日本人なのに日本語の表現力が乏しくて悲しいです どうかよろしくお願いいたします。
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- 英語
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- 英語の和訳です。お願いします！！
I doubt whether a doctor can answer the question of what the meaning of one's life is in general terms. For the meaning of life differs from man to man, from day to day and from hour to hour. What matters, therefore, is not the meaning of life in general but rather the specific meaning of a person's life at a given moment. To put the question in general terms would be comparable to the question posed to a chess champion: "Tell me, Master, what is the best move in the world?" There simply is no such thing as the best or even a good move apart from a particular situation in a game and the particular personality of one's opponent. The same holds for human existence. One should not search for an abstract meaning of life. Everyone has his own specific vocation or mission in life to carry out a concrete assignment which demands fulfillment. Therein he cannot be replaced, nor can his life be repeated. Thus, everyone's task is as unique as is his specific opportunity to fulfill it. We must never forget that we may also find meaning in life even when confronted with a hopeless situation, when facing a fate that cannot be changed. For what then matters is to bear witness to the uniquely human potential at its best, which is to transform a personal tragedy into triumph, to turn one's predicament into a human achievement. When we are no longer able to change a situation--just think of an incurable disease such as inoperable cancer--we are challenged to change ourselves.
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- 英語
- 英語を教えて下さい。
(1)A retirement plan ensures one's well-being in one's(＿＿). (A)oldness (B)old age (C)elderly (D)senile (2)I will never forget the (＿＿) I spent in Fiji. (A)time (B)trip (C)travel (D)journey (3)Smoking (＿＿) in this restaurant. (A)has no permission (B)will not be admitted (C)cannot be done (D)is not allowed (4)The forms (＿＿) you need to fill out can be completed at home. (A)how (B)why (C)that (D)those (5)All of the team members are looking forward to (＿＿) the project. (A)conclude (B)concluding (C)a conclusion (D)in conclusion 上記(1)～(5)に適切な語句を(A)～(D)の中から当てはめ、なおかつ日本語に訳せる方、教えて下さい。 お願いします。
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- 英語
- 英語の訳をお願いします!!
In this sense,rice does much better.It contains far less fat than bread, and white rice contains less than one-tenth of the fat in both breads.Protein is a substance our body needs in order to grow and remBesides the mineral above, whole-grain foods have a higher amount of magnesium in brown rice is seven times as much as that in white rice.Whole-wheat bread contains more than three times the amount of it than in white breads.There is also a largeain healty.Both kinds of bread have around four to five times as much protein as both kinds of rice have.
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- 英語
- 解らない英文があります
Bernard ShawのThe Doctor's Dilemmaの最初のページを読んでおり、以下の文でつまずいてしまいました。 "That any sane nation, having observed that you could provide for the supply of bread by giving bakers a pecuniary interest in baking for you, should go on to give a surgeon a pecuniary interest in cutting off your leg, is enough to make one despair of political humanity" おそらくこの文章を理解できない原因は、'should go on to give a surgeon ...'の主語がわからないことだと考えています（any sane nationが主語だと思うのですが）。 そこで、今回お聞きしたいのは、shouldに対応する主語とこの文章の日本語訳です。 どうぞよろしくお願い致します。
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- 英語
- 日本語に訳してください。よろしくお願いします。
・To put something in a place where it can`t be seen easily. ・To send from one person to another. ・Relating to the use of words. ・In the form of spirals or curves. ・Being able to be trusted.
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- 英語の邦訳
For instance, a randomly chosen TNC in the core has about 50% chance of also being among the top holders, compared to, e.g., 6% for the in-section (Table S4 in Appendix S1). この一文中，for the in-section が何を意味するのかが判然としません。補遺S1内の表S4を見ることが出来れば，手掛かりが得られそうなのですが，補遺S1内に何も見当たらないので困っております。経済学と英語に堪能な方がいらしたら，あるいは英語から類推して内容を把握することが可能な方がいらしたら，御教示を頂けますようお願いします。
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- 英語
- 英語について
It's nothing to be surprised about, not like being in the hospital. 訳を教えてください。 また、nothing to beはなんでこのような語順になるんでしょうか？nothingとtoとbeの成分を教えてください。 あと、not like beingとはどういうふうな成分が組み合わさりできているのでしょうか？ ちなみに、前の文章は、 When people are "in" the hospital, it's serious. They'll be there for days or weeks, maybe months.When someone is "at" the hospital, it's just a short time.They might be there to see a doctor, or they might be visiting someone who is in the hospital. です。 なぜ、be in the hospitalで、入院する、になるんでしょうか？ このときのbeの成分はなんですか？ inとatで違う理由が分りません。 inにはどういう意味が含まれているんでしょうか？ atにはどういう意味が含まれているんでしょうか？ また、be surprisedは受動態なんでしょうか？ あと、surprisedは自動詞なんでしょうか？
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- 英語
- 英語の日本語訳をお願いします
A team of French doctors took to the skies Wednesday for the first operation on a human being in zero-gravity conditions, removing a cyst from the arm of a man as an aircraft soared and dived to create weightlessness. The five-man medical team made history by slicing off tumorous growth that floated away, tied to a string, from the 46-year-old patient in one of 22 brief moments of weightlessness. 上手く訳せなくて困ってます。 特に最後の in one of 22 brief moments of weightlessness.の訳が全然わからないので、わかりやすい日本語訳をしていただけると助かります。お願いしますm(__)m
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ありがとうございます！ 日本語でパン屋の１ダースで検索すれば良かったのですね。 途中から英語のページを無理矢理読んでたので盲点でした。 対訳が知りたいわけじゃなく、由来などを知りたかったので嬉しいです。ありがとうございました。