The Neglect of the Elderly in America: A Deep-rooted Issue
- Americans worship youth and ignore the elderly, leading to inadequate social welfare programs and medical care. Poverty and homelessness afflict many older Americans, while those who can afford retirement often live lonely lives in retirement communities.
- The reluctance to have the elderly around stems from a focus on productivity, where those who can't work are seen as useless. Additionally, the shift towards nuclear families has left no one to care for elderly family members.
- By excluding the elderly from our lives, we miss out on learning from their experiences and understanding ourselves better. Old age is a significant stage of life that should not be overlooked.
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英語長文
Americans worship youth. To look at any magazine or advertisement, you'd think that no one over 50 lived in America. Likewise, most of the popular literature, films and television shows have to do with the lives of young people. No one wants to see, hear, read or think about old age. As a result, older people are virtually ignored. Lack of interest in the elderly takes many forms. Social welfare programs and medical care for older people are woefully inadequate. The proof of this is that some of America's older population live below the poverty line, surviving on dog food and scraps from garbage cans. More and more of them can no longer afford housing and live on the street. Those who have enough money to be comfortable when they retire, often live lonely lives in retirement communities or nursing homes where they are forgotten by the younger members of their families. One reason Americans are so reluctant to have the elderly around is because they've been taught to see people in terms of productivity. An older person who can no longer go to work is seen as unproductive and therefore useless. Also, America has become a country of nuclear, rather than extended families. When both the husband and wife work, no one can afford to stay home and care for an elderly person. This issue that Americans are overlooking when they overlook the elderly is that everyone gets old. Old age is just another, equally important stage of life. By shutting the elderly out of our lives, we are refusing to learn from their experiences, refusing to learn about ourselves. ・1段落2文目、“To look at～”を節に←節にする、が良く分かりませんでした。 ・“Likewise”は何と「同様に」と述べている? →自分はany magazine or advertisementとしました。 ・2段落3文目“The proof of this～”のthisとは? →高齢者のための社会福祉政策や医療がひどく不十分であること、としました。 ・3段落半ばの“Also”は何について「2つめ」を述べているか? →アメリカ人が高齢者をあまり受け入れたがらない(?)理由(について)、としました。言いたいことは何となく分かるのですが… お願いします。
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<訳例> アメリカ人は、若さを崇拝します。 どんな雑誌や広告を見ても、あなたは、50歳以上の人は誰もアメリカに住んでいないと思うことでしょう。 同様に、ほとんどの大衆文学、映画、テレビ番組は、若者の生活に関係があります。 誰も、老年に目を向けたり、耳を傾けたり、読んだり、考えたりしたくないのです。 その結果、老人は実質的に無視されています。 高齢者に対する関心の不足は、多くの形となって現れます。 老人のための社会福祉政策や医療は、ひどく不十分です。 これの証拠は、アメリカの高齢者の中には、貧困ライン以下の暮らしをしている人々がいて、彼らは、ドッグフードやごみ箱の残飯を漁ってしのいでいるのです。彼らのますます多くが、もはや住宅をもつ余裕もなく、路上生活する余力もなくなっています。 退職時に快適に暮らしてゆくのに十分なお金を持っている人々も、彼らの家族のより若いメンバーからは忘れられて、退職者コミュニティーや療養所で、しばしば孤独な人生を送っています。 アメリカ人が、高齢者が身近にいるのをとても嫌がる一つの理由は、彼らが生産性という視点で人々を見る様に教えられてきたからです。 もはや仕事に行くことができない高齢者は、非生産的で、したがって役に立たないように見なされます。 また、アメリカは、大家族よりもむしろ核家族の国になっています。 夫と妻の両方が働くとき、誰も家にいて、高齢者の世話をするゆとりはありません。 アメリカ人が高齢者を見過ごすときに、見過ごしているこの問題は、誰もが年をとるということです。 老年は、人生のもう一つの等しく重要な段階にすぎないのです。 高齢者を我々の生活から締め出すことによって、我々は彼らの経験から学ぶことを拒否し、我々自身について学ぶことを拒否しているのです。 <設問> ・1段落2文目、“To look at～”を節に To look at any magazine or advertisement, you'd think that no one over 50 lived in America. = If you looked at any magazine or advertisement, you'd think that no one over 50 lived in America.---（解答） [= Even if you looked at any magazine or advertisement, you would think that no one over 50 lived in America.] ☆ if には、even if の意味になる時もあります。わざわざ、Even if で始めなくても良いと思います。[ ] 内は、参考です。 ☆仮定法：6 - 2. 不定詞を用いる場合 http://eigogakusyu-web.com/grammar/110/#TITLE_06_02 * you'd の 'd = would から判断する必要のある書き換えです。 ・“Likewise”は何と「同様に」と述べている? Like any magazine or advertisement, ... ☆a0itoneさんの解答でよいと思います。 ・2段落3文目“The proof of this～”のthisとは? 高齢者のための社会福祉政策や医療がひどく不十分であること。 ☆a0itoneさんの解答でよいと思います。 ・3段落半ばの“Also”は何について「2つめ」を述べているか? アメリカ人が、高齢者が身近にいるのをとても嫌がる一つの理由は、彼らが生産性という視点で人々を見る様に教えられてきたからであると言うこと。このことに対して、アメリカ人が、高齢者が身近にいるのをとても嫌がるもう一つの理由は、・・・と、話を展開しています。 ☆ Also を Another reason と読んで、 Another reason Americans are so reluctant to have the elderly around is because America has become a country of nuclear, rather than extended families. と解釈するとよいのではないかと思います。 ☆全体的にしっかり読めていると思います。来年あたり受験ですか？
関連するQ&A
- 英語の訳をお願いします!!
So you can see why I believe that Americans are obsessed with time. All of the Americans I know have wristwatches, but many of my Latino friends don't regularly wear one.I don't, Americans are always setting their watches, making sure the time is 'exact.' I once heard two American students arguing about what time it was.One said, 'It's 3:45.' The other said,'No,It's not! It's 3:48, you idiot!'That's how Americans think about time.It's the most important thing in their lives. People do think about time differently after all.It seems to me,thought, that the American and Latino students do everything they're supposed to do.They work and study about the same amount. But the Latinos don't feel as pressured by time as the Americans do. It's no wonder that Americans are so stressed out.
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- 自分で考えたのですが苦手で…どなたかお願いします！
高校二年生です… 次に書く英語を和訳したいです。。 ですが、私は昔から英語が苦手で… 18文あって、長いかもしれないですが ヒントだけでも良いのでお願いします！！ １：Two dogs enter a room in a senior citizens` home. ２：Then everyone begins to smile and laugh. ３："I think it`s great. ４：It`s lovely to see them and they`re so frindly,"says a lady who is 97 years old. ５：She looks forward to the days when the dogs come. ６：Friendly dogs can often help older people and sick children. ７：The dogs help them by giving love. ８：In homes where older people live, some of them are lonely. ９：They don`t have much to enjoy. １０：They often just sit or sleep in their chairs. １１：They talk to no one. １２：They do nothing. １３：When the dogs visit the home, the older people become friendlier to other people. １４：They become more active and feel happier. １５：The dogs are chosen carefully. １６：They must be quiet when they visit the older people and not jump on them. １７：The dogs` visits are short. １８：But those visits change the lives of many older people. 誤字や脱字があったら本当にすみません；；
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The stereotypes associated with old people are particularly unpleasant. They are often regarded as sick, stupid, or even dirty. Because a minority of old people become confused, or suffer from mental disorders such as Alzhimer's disease, it is assumed that any old person is likely to become mentally incapacitated -although, in fact, the evidence is very different. Because of this, the positive contributions which older people can make to social events and processes are often overlooked, or simply ignored. Recently, a number of organizations and individuals have begun to challenge these stereotypes about ageing, and there is some indication that attitudes are beginning to change. But there is still a long way to go. Insight The negative view that we have of old people is like other stereotypes, having a small grain of truth in some cases but a lot of exceptions. Interestingly , although old people also share this negative stereotype, they almost always see themselves as one of the exceptions. So who is left to fit the stereotype? RETIREMENT AND RESPONSIBILITY Some people who reach reach retiring age, though, still hold to the old negative ideas about retirement. Sometimes they feel that society has simply thrown them away, even though they are as fit as ever. But sometimes they interpret any aches and pains as being evidence that they are becoming old and useless, so they stop doing activities which would help them to keep fit. Anyone will grow infirm if they do nothing all day but sit in the house and watch TV- muscles need exercise to keep toned, and a healthy retirement means an active one. Also, feeling socially useless is a major source of stress and helplessness. Without another source of self-esteem, such as a hobby or voluntary work, people can become extremely depressed, and appear to give up on active living.
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自然な訳をお願いできますか？ I do think it's creepy, and because thereis a connection to these characters that are fallible, and i think that is the main draw over and above the horror. I think the great connectedness is that they contradict themselves, they're full of contradictions. As we discussed earlier, no one is who they seem to be and that is kind of who we are.
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(1)Education has been called America's religion. Today more than 56 million Americans are attending school. One half of all the people in the country between the ages of eighteen and twenty-five are enrolled in either a college or university; close to 49 million boys and girls are going to school. Education is an enormous （ and expensive ） part of American life. Its size is matched by its variety. The widely different educational system and possibilities are as difficult for an outsider to understand as anything about American life. (2)Differences in American schools compared with those found in the majority of other countries lie in the fact that education here has long been intended for everyoneーnot just for a privileged elite. Schools are expected to meet the needs of every child, regardless of ability, and also the needs of society itself. This means that tax-supported public schools offer more than academic subjects. It surprises many people when they come here to find high schools offering such courses as typing, sewing, radio repair, computer programming, or driver training, along with traditional academic subjects such as mathematics, history, and languages. Students choose their curricula from a large serection of courses, depending on their interests, future goals, and level of ability. The underlying goal of American education is to develop every child to the utmost of his or her own possibilities, however great or small these may be, and to give each one a sense of civic and community consciousness. (3)Because there is no national religion and because there are so many different backgrounds and origins among the people, schools have traditionally played an important role in creating national unity and “ Americanizing ” the millions of immigrants who have poured into this country from its earliest days. Schools still play a large role in the community, especially in small towns. (4)The approach to teaching may seem unfamiliar to many, not only because it is informal, but also because there is less emphasis on learning facts than is true in the systems of many other countries. Instead, Americans try to teach their children to think for themselves, to delve, to explore, to develop their own intellectual and creative abilities. Students spend much time learning how to use resource materials, libraries, statistics, computers. Americans believe that if children are taught to reason well and to research well, they will be able to find whatever facts they need throughout the rest of their lives. Knowing how to solve problems is considered more important than the accumulation of facts, which often grow obsolete. (5)Computers are used in many classrooms, frequently starting in kindergarten. If a child doesn't know how to use computers, parents can help him or her a great deal by providing computer lessons in advance, so the child will not feel handicapped. To find such classes, one can consult the school or ask a local computer store where classes are given. (6)This is America's answer to the searching question that throughtful parents all over the world are asking themselves in this fast-moving time: “How can one prepare today's child for a tomorrow that one can neither predict nor understand? 本文の原文は、こちらから引用しました。 http://res.chinaedu.com/eol/005/eol08_4.htm 【設問】 ・第3段落、‘schools have traditionally played an important role’ の具体的内容 →‘creating national unity～this country’の箇所にしました。 ・最終段落、‘the searching question’の具体的内容 →“How can～understand?”の箇所で良いでしょうか。 お願いします。
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訳をお願いします。 Wolves are famous and wild, dangerous and dark. They are found everywhere in folk tales. In children's stories the wolf blew down the little pigs'houses and swallowed Red Riding Hood's grandmother whole. There is legend that the wolf is the devil in disguise and ( ア ）some men become murderous werewolves when the moon is full. Poor wolves. They have done little to deserve their reputation. In biological terms, they are little more than large dogs, such close relations that they can easily breed together. All our domestic dogs are descened from wolves. Sometime, more than 15,000 years ago, wolves were domesticated and, over centuries of breeding, turned into Man's Best Friends. If there were no wolves, we would have no guide dogs or sheepdogs or retrievers, and no pet dogs. Our own distant ancestors were hunters, and competed with wolves, which were much more numerous than today. But people then probably felt they had little to fear. Wolves are shy and unlikely to attack something as dangerous as a person. Like many predators, they choose the easiest target ― old, sick or wounded animals. The native peoples of North America called them brother and sister hunters, and respected them. The change in human attitudes came when people became farmers, keeping animals in fields. Wolves soon learned to make use of this. They attacked farm animals, and gained a reputation as fearsome thieves, who must be hunted to death. Wolves,(over /to /used /wander /which) most of Europe, have disappeared completely from much of the continent. They are more numerous in North America, and believed to be around 8,000 in Alaska alone. There, these fine animals can be seen in the wild, living as they should under the open sky, and in the vast northern forests. (ア)に適当な１語と 上の(over /to /used /wander /which)の並び替えもよろしくお願いします！
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There is another difference that visitors often notice in American schools. There is less importance given to the learning of facts than is usual in the school systems of many other countries. Instead, Americans try to teach their children to think for themselves,to ask questions, to explore, and to develop their own intellectual and creative abilities. Students spend much time learning how to use resource materials, libraries, statistics, and computers. Computers are used in many classrooms, frequently stating in kindergarten. The American system of education is based on the idea that if children are taught to reason well and to research well, they will be able to find whatever facts they need throughout the rest of their lives. This is America's answer to the question that thoughtful parents around the world are asking the world are asking themselves in this fast-paced time: "How can one prepare today's child for a tomorrow that one can neither predict nor understand?"
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Close-up Life Expectancy: How Long Is Long? “There are groups of mountain people in the Soviet Union, India and Ecuador who claim to love very long lives. Some people say they’re 125 years old and going strong. “Robert R. Kohn, professor of pathology at Case Western University, says the claims aren’t true. “’They have every reason to claim old age-economic reasons, status reasons-and there are no records to back up the claims, ‘says Kohn. “While in the Soviet Union for a scientific meeting. Kohn found another reason: The old people in Georgia have become such a tourist attraction that he was offered the opportunity to see them for the sum of 50 American dollars. There’s no doubt these people are old and healthy and they would be worth studying, but when you read about Ivan who’s 146 tears old and his mother’s mad at him, don’t believe it. お願いします。
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Disengagement As people get older, they tend to withdraw gradually from society, and at the same time society tends to withdraw from them. This progressive, mutual withdrawal is called disengagement. Because of disengagement, old people are less interested in having social contacts, and have fewer social contacts, with less emotional involvement in them. Viewed positively, disengagement permits the old person to enjoy a more leisurely way of life, but working against this positive aspect of disengagement is the work ethic that requires activity, including social activity to maintain a sense of self-worth (Kalish, 1975). お願いします。
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訳をお願いします。 The pioneer spirit or the American dream (about/as/is/often/talked) a beautiful concept, but we should remember there is dark reality behind this dream. One terrible part of this reality is the effect this dream had on the Native American population. The opportunity that the New World offered was in fact stolen from the native peoples. For the various tribes of the Americas, the American dream was a real nightmare. After the Civil War, as more white Americans in quest of gold moved westward, conflict with the Native Americans became unavoidable. The white Americans wanted to have as much land as they could in order to get gold from it. The "indians," of course, either lived on the land in question or their villages kept the way to it blocked. To the white Americans the Native Americans were annoying. They viewed them as a kind of dangerous wild beast, like a wolf or a grizzly bear, which had to be removed before they could develop the land. Then wars occurred between them, and the Indian wars resulted in many white American military "victories." They had much stronger weapons and they destroyed entire villages and killed all the people, including the women and children. A common slogan of the time was "The only good Indian is a dead Indian." One commander of the United States Army said, "If we don't kill Indians, (by/get/killed/them /we'll)." The population of the North American Indians------excluding Mexico---- went from nearly two million before the "discovery" of America to less than 250,000 by 1910. ＊( )内は並び替えです
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回答ありがとうございました。 比較的今回の長文は読みやすい方でした。 最初の設問の、節にする問題の意味も分かりました。仮定法に気付けば良かったのですね。 お褒めの言葉ありがとうございました。