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World's Most Famous Persons with Learning Disabilities

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  • Some of the world´s most famous persons, including Albert Einstein, Thomas Edison, and Auguste Rodin, have suffered from learning disabilities. But what causes these disabilities and how do they affect individuals?
  • Learning disabilities are common and affect about 10% of all children, with four times as many boys as girls being affected. Extensive research has led to a better understanding of the different kinds and causes of learning disabilities.
  • Brain studies have revealed that learning disabilities are linked to abnormalities in the brain's organization, particularly in the left side of the brain. Nerve cells in the left side may fail to develop normally, resulting in difficulties with language and other cognitive processes.

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  • sayshe
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回答No.1

世界で最も有名な人々の中にも、良く似た障害に苦しんだ人がいます。物理学者のアルバート・アインシュタイン。 発明家のトマス・エディソン。 像が世界中の博物館にある芸術家のオーギュスト・ロダン。これらの3人の非常に知的な人々に障害を与えたのは何だったのでしょう?奇妙に思えるかもしれませんが、彼らは、全員、いくつかの関連する学習障害につけられた名前である、学習能力障害に苦しみました。 学習能力障害の人は、普通または普通以上の知能があります。それでも、彼らは、読み、書き、数字の使用、を学ぶのにとても苦労するのです。たいてい、書かれた記号や話し言葉を理解したり使用したりするために必要な精神的なプロセスの1つに問題があります。学習能力障害がある子供は、申し分なく目も見えますし耳も聞こえます。それでも、彼/彼女は、他の人が簡単に認識できる大きさ、形状、音の違いを認識することができないのです。 学習能力障害は、非常に一般的です。学習能力障害は、すべての子供たちのだいたい10パーセントに影響を与えています。女子の4倍多くの男子には、学習能力障害があります。 1970年ごろから、新しい研究のおかげで、脳科学者はよりよくこれらの問題を理解できるようになりました。科学者には、今では、多くの異なる種類の学習能力障害がり、それらが多くの異なるものに起因するということが分かっています。すべての学習能力障害が、脳の組織され方の違いから生じるということに、もはやいかなる疑問もありません。子供を見ただけでは、彼/彼女が学習能力障害があるかどうか見分けることができません。その障害の見た目の徴候がないのです。それで、研究者のなかには、どこが良くないのかを知るために脳そのものに目を向け始める人も出てきました。 ある研究で、研究者は、事故で死んだ学習能力障害がある人の脳を調べました。彼らは、2つの異常なことを発見しました。一つは、言語をつかさどる脳の左側の細胞に関わっていました。これらの細胞は、通常白いのです。しかし、学習能力障害がある人では、これらの細胞は灰色でした。研究者は、また、神経細胞の多くが、あるべき状態に整列していないことも発見しました。神経細胞が、混ざり合っているのでした。 この研究は、学習能力障害の初期の専門家のノーマン・ゲシュヴィントの指導のもとに行われました。ゲシュヴィント博士は、学習能力障害が、主として脳の左側の問題から生じると提唱しました。彼は、脳の左側が正常に発達することができなかったと思っていました。おそらく、神経細胞が、そこでは、あるべき様に結びつかなかったのだと彼は言いました。 研究者は、脳の発達と組織化に対する多くの見込まれる影響を調査し続けています。彼らは、脳の2つの側が体の相反する側をコントロールするということを知っています。通常、脳の左側は、右側より強いのです。それで、ほとんどの人は右利きです。彼らは、ほとんどの行動に右手を使います。研究者は、なぜ左利きの男子が右利きの男子よりしばしば学習能力障害を引き起こすのかについて、長く疑問に思ってきました。

a0itone
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解答、ありがとうございます。 今回は思ったより文が長く、内容も自分の知らない問題についてだったので難しく感じました。 回答内容を見て、脳の働きについて初めて知ったことが多かったです。 ありがとうございました。

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