• 締切済み

PubMedの要旨でわからない英文があります。

PubMedでCleavage planes in frog eggs are altered by strong magnetic fields.という論文のAbstructを読んでいるのですが、分からない文章があります。以下の『』部分はどういった意味なのでしょう？？ Early cleavages of Xenopus embryos were oriented in strong, static magnetic fields. 『Third-cleavage planes, normally horizontal, were seen to orient to a vertical plane parallel with a vertical magnetic field. Second cleavages, normally vertical, could also be oriented by applying a horizontal magnetic field. 』We argue that these changes in cleavage-furrow geometries result from changes in the orientation of the mitotic apparatus. 3回目の分裂面は通常水平だが、垂直な磁場と平行になり、2回目の分裂面は水平な磁場を適用することで水平になる？？つまり磁場の向きと分裂面は常に平行になるということでしょうか？？ （英文はhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrezより引用しました）

みんなの回答

回答No.1

「磁場の向きと常に平行に」などとは読み取れませんね。 本文も無料なんですから、図を見ながら読んでみてはどうですか？ それから、論文のAbstructは論文から引用するものです。

  1. カテゴリ
  2. 学問・教育
  3. 自然科学
  4. 生物学

関連するQ&A

  • この英文の和訳をお願いします。

    Here we examine the relationship between the sun and climate by measuring the carbon-14 content in tree-rings with annual time resolution. The GCR flux and hence the activity level of the sun can be monitored by carbon-14. Our particular focus is around the period of the Maunder Minimum and the early Medieval Maximum Period (EMMP) in the 9–10th century. Sunspot numbers and the activity levels of the sun gradually change in time with quasi-cycles of about 11 years (Schwabe cycle).The polarity of the solar intrinsic magnetic field, which is more or less a simple dipole at every activity minima, reverses at every activity maximum. It changes the track of protons, the positively charged main constituent of GCRs, due to the spirally expanding interplanetary magnetic field formed by solar wind (Kota and Jokipii, 1983) and hence changes the attenuation level of GCRs in the heliosphere. Bulk of the GCRs comes from the polar region of the heliosphere when the polarity of the sun is positive, while GCRs come from the horizontal direction when negative.The attenuation of GCRs in the heliosphere is, therefore, more sensitive when the polarity is negative to the intensity of solar magnetic field and the tilt angle of the current sheets which expand horizontal direction. Thus the variation of the GCR flux on the earth has a “22-year” cyclic component, and will be transferred to the variations in carbon-14.

  • 誘導電流

    水平面内で距離Lを隔てて張られた２本の平行導線が8Ωの抵抗につながれている。鉛直下向きに磁場Bをかけ、平行導線に垂直に導帯棒を渡す。1Nの一定な力を導帯棒をに加え、導帯棒を2m/sで動かす。 　１、この時、8Ωの抵抗を流れる電流を求めなさい。 　　　この問題で V= vBLなので、I = vBL/R です。　　しかし、LとBの値が分かりません。この場合、どうやって解いたらいいんでしょう？ よろしくお願いします。

  • 英文を訳して下さい。

    A further two squadrons of the 5th Mounted Brigade pushed forward towards Kh. el Baha south east of Kh er Reseim, 1 mile (1.6 km) north of the Gaza to Beersheba road, where they remained in support. The two mounted divisions were now in position, watching for the expected Ottoman reinforcements. By between 11:00 and 11:35, more or less all mounted troops were under fire. This fire came from shells launched from Gaza, or from German or Ottoman planes flying over Beit Durdis, as well as a long range gun, while another gun also fired on the mounted units. The battery of the 5th Mounted Brigade fired on some small groups of Ottoman infantry, but the hostile long range gun accurately returned fire, causing this battery to change position. Very little fighting had yet taken place, so far as the mounted units were concerned, and the infantry attack had not made much progress. However, news was beginning to come in from the overwatching Desert Column patrols, reporting movements from the direction of Huj and the Beersheba railway line, and columns of dust in the direction of Tel esh Sharia, all indicating large scale Ottoman Army movements in progress.

  • お手数ですが、次の英文を訳して下さい。

    By the late September, the Ottoman attack ended. The cost for the 2nd Army was 30,000 killed and wounded. The Russians strengthen their lines. They were strong enough to respond with counteroffensives in two weeks after the launch of the Ottoman offensive. The Russians held up the advance. From September towards the Russian Revolution, the Russian Navy still dominated the Black Sea. The rest of the year 1916 was spent by the Turks with organizational and operational changes in the Caucasian front. Fortunately for the Ottoman commanders, the Russians were quiet during this period. The winter of 1916–17 was extremely harsh, which made fighting nearly impossible.

  • 光物性教科書（英語）の境界条件が理解できません

    電磁波が媒質1から媒質２に入射するときの境界条件について書かれていると思うのですが， どのようなことが起こっているのかがイメージできません． 教科書には以下のように書かれているのですが，この性質は日本語ではなんと呼ばれるものなのでしょうか？ When waves are incident from one medium upon another then one would expect some quantities to be continuous across the boundary. These are the tangential components of the electric and magnetic fields and the normal components of the electric and magnetic flux densities. If H1,E1 are the fields in medium1 of material constants μ1,ε1, and H2,E2,μ2,ε2 are the corresponding quantities in medium2 then the conditions in mathematical form are H1t = H2t E1t = E2t ε1E1n = ε2E2n μ1H1n = μ2H2n t and n stand for the tangential and normal components. 何故，電場と磁場は接線成分で，電束密度と磁束密度は法線成分となっているのかも分からないので教えてください． そもそも接線成分と法線成分というのは何に対して考えられている量なのかも出来ればお願いします．

  • 斜面上での物体の分裂

    問題文 水平面とθの角度をなす、なめらかな斜面上の高さhの点に置かれていた質量ｍの小物体が、運動を始めてからｔ秒後に斜面の最大傾斜と直角な方向に分裂した。分裂後の小物体Aの質量は2/5ｍ、小物体Bの質量は3/5ｍである。分裂後も斜面と小物体の間はなめらかであり、A,B共に斜面を離れることはなかったとする。また重力加速度の大きさをgとする。 問 小物体が運動を始めてから、小物体Aが斜面の下端に達するまでの時間を表す式を求めよ。 解 小物体が分裂するとき、運動方向に力が働くので、斜面の最大傾斜に平行な方向の運動は変化しない。小物体に生じる斜面の最大傾斜に平行な加速度をaとして、斜面の最大傾斜に平行な方向について運動方程式を作ると.........と解いていくと答えは1/sinθ√2h/gとなります。 ここで疑問なんですが、これはつまり分裂前と分裂後で加速度が変わってないということですよね？つまりA,Bどちらも同時に斜面の下端に達する。ということだと思います。計算過程に質量は含まれていませんし。途中で斜面の最大傾斜方向に外力が何も加わってないのは理解できます。ただ加速度を求めるときは個々の物体それぞれについて運動方程式を立ててから求める、ということを学校できっちりと教えられたのでどうも解答でこうだけ説明されてもピンときません... 僕は結局「分裂前と分裂後で加速度を分けて考えるのか！」などとやっていたのですがやはり答えは出ませんでした。ちなみに回答は選択式になっていますが。 この考え方についてアドバイスよろしくお願いします！

  • 次の英文を訳して下さい。

    This battle marked the first use of the terms "D-Day" and "H-Hour" by the Americans. The fighting was depicted in the 1927 film Wings. The attack at the St. Mihiel salient was part of a plan by Pershing in which he hoped that the Americans would break through the German lines and capture the fortified city of Metz. It was the first and only offensive launched solely by the United States Army in World War I, and the attack caught the Germans in the process of retreating. This meant that their artillery was out of place and the American attack, coming up against disorganized German forces, proved more successful than expected. The St. Mihiel attack established the stature of the U.S. Army in the eyes of the French and British forces, and again demonstrated the critical role of artillery during World War I and the difficulty of supplying such massive armies while they were on the move. The U.S. attack faltered as artillery and food supplies were left behind on the muddy roads. The attack on Metz was not realized, as the Germans refortified their positions and the Americans then turned their efforts to the Meuse-Argonne Offensive. Saint-Mihiel is a town in the Meuse department in northeastern France. After the end of the 1870–71 Franco-Prussian War, the town was no longer considered important strategically and military installations were not developed. This changed early in World War I with the town inside the battlefront. In 1914, the German command wished to take the Verdun fortifications which formed a strong point in the French lines. A first attempt, at Bois-le-Pretre (Priesterwald in German), failed despite violent fighting. During two more attempts (Battle of Flirey), German troops took Saint-Mihiel and the fort at Camp des Romains, but they were ultimately stopped at Fort de Troyon to the south of Verdun. During the course of the war the front did not change much in this area. Saint-Mihiel formed a salient inside the French lines, blocking communications between Nancy and Verdun. The area near St. Mihiel would know much fighting: • The Crête des Éparges (Les Éparges crest): February–April 1915. • The Bois d'Ailly (Ailly Wood) and the Tranchée de la Soif (Trench of Thirst): isolated behind German lines, Commander d'André's men fight three days without food or water before surrender in May 1915. • Bois Brûlé (The Burned Forest): many casualties when German conquer a redoubt on December 1914. It is here that the sub-officer Jacques Péricard pronounced the famous words: "Debout les morts!" (Dead men, arise!) on 8 April 1915.

  • PubMedの使い方について

    Pubmedというサイトについての質問です。 Pubmedで、下の例のように、該当する文献数が100以上になるキーワードを抽出したいと考えています。 ○例 "hypertension" and"XXXXXX"で検索すると、 該当する文献数が100以上になるようなキーワード(XXXXXX)を全て抽出 Advanced searchのShow index listでは、"hypertension"と"XXXXXX"が連続しているパターンしか抽出できなかったのでどうすれば良いものかと悩んでいます。 どのように解決すれば良いかよければご教授下さい。 宜しくお願いします。

  • PubMedに載っていない

    学生なのですが，誰にも聞けず書き込みしております。 癌関連の雑誌でオープンアクセスのものがあるのですが、手伝い（前から３番目）をしてアクセプトになりました。PubMedで引いてもでておりません。その雑誌名で引くと５本くらい載っているのですが，全部ではありません。 同じ雑誌に出してPubMedに載る論文とそうでない論文の差はなんなのでしょうか？また、これからどうにかするとPubMedに登録する事が出来るんでしょうか？ 自分がメインの論文でないので、あまりヒトには聞けず、今回お願いをしております。 お願いいたします。

  • 訳してください

    ⇨英語 There was more work to do the vast majority of farm workers remain without a union a condition that would mobilize organizing efforts for years. But in the cities and schools of Africa inspired by the courage of the farm workers a generation of Chicano youth were poised to open a new chapter in the Mexican-American struggle for civil rights they were ready to take to the streets to demand a better education in the fields the farmworkers movement had left a lasting legacy of change. つまりここで言いたいのは、「農業労働者の活動がメキシカンアメリカ人の市民権運動に大きな影響を与え、彼らの抗議の活力になった」ということでしょうか？ 英文がぐちゃぐちゃだと思うので（文法）、一語一語訳していただかなくて大丈夫です。 こういうことが言いたいというのがもしわかるのであれば教えて欲しいです。 よろしくお願いします。

注目のQ&A

カテゴリ

専門家に質問してみよう

職業から探して質問する

あなたにピッタリな商品が見つかる！ OKWAVEセレクト

質問する