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和訳、文法を教えてください。

今、英文の物語を読んでいて、和訳、文法がわからない部分がある野で、教えてください。 1:This story is about fateful meeting, at a ball held at the palace, between a young prince and a beautiful maiden called Cinderella. "at a ball held"の部分ですが、"held a ball"ですと、「舞踏会を開いた。」だと思うのですが、"at"があるので、場所を表しているのでしょうか? 2:She emerged wearing the most beautiful gown ever. "emerged" は「現れた」だと思うのですが、"appeared"でもいいのでしょうか? 3:The magic wand turned pumpkins and potatoes in a golden carriage. の”in"は「金の馬車になる」という意味で使われているのでしょうか?"in"というと「中へ」という印象が強いので、ピンときません。 4:The two stepsisters tried on the slepper, but it would not fit on either. "would"ですが、”did"ではいけないのでしょうか? 前回の質問で、wouldは習慣を表す。仮定法の時に使う、過去時制の一致、意思を表す。丁寧な用法。などありますが、よくわかりませんでした。 よろしくお願いします。

  • 英語
  • 回答数5
  • ありがとう数5

質問者が選んだベストアンサー

  • ベストアンサー
  • Parismadam
  • ベストアンサー率65% (2756/4211)
回答No.5

こんにちは。10/27のご質問ではお返事を有難うございました。 ご質問1: <This story is about fateful meeting, at a ball held at the palace> 1.ご質問を拝読すると、前置詞句の修飾の仕方に勘違いがあるようです。 2.at a ball「舞踏会で」という場所を表す前置詞句は、すぐ前のmeeting「出会い」という名詞にかかっています。名詞に修飾するので、この前置詞句は形容詞句になります。 3.at the palace「宮廷で」という場所を表す前置詞句は、すぐ前のheld 「開かれた」という過去分詞にかかっています。過去分詞を修飾するので、この前置詞句は副詞句になります。 4.従って、fateful meeting, at a ball held at the palaceの部分は、以下のような訳出になります。 「宮廷で開かれた、舞踏会での、運命的な出会い」 ご質問2: <"emerged" は「現れた」だと思うのですが、"appeared"でもいいのでしょうか?> 1.可能ですが、適切な動詞ではありません。 2.emerge fromは暗闇、水中、煙など、視界を閉ざされた状態から、ぱっと現れるような場面で使われます。 例: The sun emerged from behind the cloud. 「太陽が雲の影から現れた」 3.この英文は、シンデレラが魔法でお姫さまの姿に変身する場面です。貧しい娘の姿から、お姫様姿に変身したシンデレラが、魔法で煙の中からぱっと現れる場面ですので、emerge fromが効果的に使われているのです。 4.appearは「出現する」「姿を見せる」という意味で、「なかったものが見えてくる」というニュアンスを持つ動詞です。存在を示すことにポイントがありますが、この場面、煙の中から変身した姫が現れる、ではやはりemerge fromが最もピンとくる動詞でしょう。 ご質問3: <”in"は「金の馬車になる」という意味で使われているのでしょうか?> 1.はい、その解釈で結構です。 2.turn A into B「AをBに変える」という熟語がありますが、intoを使うとAをBに変化させ、Bの元がAだとはわからないものに(元の形を留めないものに)、すっかり形を変える場合に使われます。 例: Heat turns water into vapor. 「熱は水を蒸気に変える」 3.turn A in Bは本来は「AをBに変える」という意味ではなく、「Bの中に入れる」という意味があります。ここでは「AをBの中に入れる」「AをBの中に組み込む」という原義で使われている用法です。 4.その理由は、かぼちゃやジャガイモを、「その形を留めつつ」馬車に変身させているからです。intoを使うと、その形は留めていない馬車になってしまいます。ここでは、かぼちゃやジャガイモを「馬車の中に組み込む」ニュアンスの「変身」となっているため、intoでなくinが適切なのです。 ご質問4: <"would"ですが、”did"ではいけないのでしょうか?> 1.文法上は間違いありませんが、文のニュアンスが異なってきます。 2.このwouldの用法は、「強い意志」を表すwillの過去形になります。 例: The door will not open. The door would not open. (直訳)「その戸はどうしても開こうとしない(しなかった)」 →(意訳)「その戸はどうしても開かない(なかった)」 3.このdoorや、ご質問のit=くつといった「物」に、まるで「意志」があるかのような手法で、靴の方から自分を拒む強い意志のニュアンスを出して、「くつがどうしても合わない(合おうとしてくれない)」と言っているのです。 4.この用法のwillは肯定で使われることもありますが、この例文やご質問文ように、物を主語にした否定文で「どうしても~ない」という意味でよく使われる用法です。 以上ご参考までに。

usaginochi
質問者

お礼

いつも回答ありがとうございます。 皆さんの回答で、良く理解できました。 1の質問ですが、Parismadamのご指摘のとおり、勘違いしていたようです。meeting の後に(,)があったので、at a ball heldと切って考えてしまっていました。 ここでのwouldは「強い意志」を表すのですね。 直訳にすると面白い日本語ですね。でもニュアンスで考えると「くつが合わない」事を強調して言いたいときにwouldを使うと効果的で、単にdidntを使うより、wouldの使い方がわかると、言葉に幅ができますよね。表現が豊かになりますね。 現在も読み進めていく中、疑問が溢れています。 また、質問させていただきますので、これからもよろしくお願いします。

usaginochi
質問者

補足

今過去分詞について、考えていたのですが、教えていただけますか? 過去分詞「~された されている」=be動詞+過去分詞に捕らわれていました。 名詞を修飾する。でいいのでしょうか?混乱してきています。(考えすぎでしょうか?) at the palace「宮廷で」という場所を表す前置詞句は、すぐ前のheld 「開かれた」という過去分詞にかかっています。 held←at the palace. では、This story is about a fateful meeting at a ball . It was held at hte palace.でもいいのでしょうか? また、次のような文章は正しいでしょうか? I met her at a track and field held in Tokyo. I met him at a Hallowen party held by my company. 物語の中に次のような文がありました。 こちらも過去分詞を使った受身の文と思います。 She was always surounded by birds and squirrels who liked being with her. 彼女はいつも鳥たちやリスたちに囲まれていて、誰もが彼女といることが好きでした。 この文をShe surronunds by birds and squirrels who liked bering with her. 鳥たちとリスたちに囲まれた彼女。とすることもできるのでしょうか? 参考書にOur house is surrounded by tree. 「家」を主語にして「私たちの家は木々に囲まれている」 「私たちの家」←「木々に囲まれた」とすると Our house surrounded by tree. とあったので、上記のような文も可能なのかと思いました。 よろしくお願いします。

その他の回答 (4)

  • googoo1956
  • ベストアンサー率47% (623/1316)
回答No.4

>1:This story is about fateful meeting, at a ball held at the palace, between a young prince and a beautiful maiden called Cinderella.  No.1の方の説明の通りです。補足すると、(which was) held at the palace が a ball にかかる修飾語の働きをしています。訳は「宮殿で開かれた舞踏会」となります。 >2:She emerged wearing the most beautiful gown ever.  「appeared」でも良いでしょうが、「emerged」を用いると「隠れていたものが表にでる」という意味を含みますので、「みすぼらかったシンデレラが美しく登場した」という感じが伝ってきます。 >3:The magic wand turned pumpkins and potatoes in a golden carriage.  「~を・・・に変える」という英語は「turn ~ into ・・・」です。「into」の代わりに「in」を使うことはないでしょう。  ただ、次のような場合には「into」と「in」の置き換えが可能です。   例(1): He jumped into the river. (移動の経過を重視)   例(2): He jumped in the river. (移動の結果を重視)  どちらも日本語訳は「彼は川の中に飛び込んだ。」となります。もっとも例(2)は「川(水)の中でジャンプした。」という意味で理解することも可能ですが・・・。  ひょっとしたら、著者の気持ちの中に例(2)のような感覚があったのかもしれませんが、おそらくそれは間違った使い方ではないかと思われます。 >4:The two stepsisters tried on the slepper, but it would not fit on either.  文法的には「did」でも通じるでしょう。しかし「would」には「強い意志」、すなわち「強情」の意味が含まれています。「would not」となると「強い拒絶」の意味が出てきます。「slepper(=slipper)?」がまるで「強い意志」を持って、義姉妹たちが無理やり履こうとしている行為を「拒絶」しているかのようだという状況を示すのは「would not」でなければならないでしょう。訳は「その履物は、どうやっても二人の義姉妹たちには合わなかった。」となります。二人も必死さ(あわれさ)が伝わってくるようです。

usaginochi
質問者

お礼

回答ありがとうございます。trun.... intoは少しニュワンスが違うのですね。 でも、このような違いをネイティブの人から英語で説明されてもわらかないので、助かりました。 これからもよろしくおねがいします。

回答No.3

1 at the palace の部分も「宮殿で開かれた舞踏会」となりますが, at a ball も「(宮殿で開かれた)舞踏会での出会い」という意味になります。 ball は一種の event(催し)になりますが, be present at the event「催しに出席している」 のように,at を用います。 広い意味で場所の at と考えていいと思います。 (時とか,「~の最中」の意味と取ることもできます) 2 emerge は「水中・暗闇・部屋・車中・物陰から出てくる」という意味合いがあります。 appear は広く「現れる」ですので,置き換えてもいいです。 3 turn A into B で「A を B に変える」という意味ですが, in にすると,「変化の過程」よりも,「変化した結果」 に重点が置かれます。 4 「どうしても~しようとしなかった」という過去の固執・拒絶を表します。 日本語でもそうですが,本来「人」について用いるのですが,一種,擬人的に「もの」でも用いられます。 単に過去形だと,客観的に,サイズから合わないものだった, という感じですが,would を置くことで, 「履こう,履こうとしても合わなかった」という意味合いになります。

usaginochi
質問者

お礼

回答ありがとうございます。 同じ意味でもニュワンスの違いで使い分けるのですね。 それには単語の意味もより深くまで、知ることで、使い分けが出来るようになるのですね。 私は初心者ですが、他言語の勉強は果てしなく感じます。 でも、楽しみながら、上達を信じて、こつこつ学んでいきたいです。 これからもよろしくおねがいします。

  • ANASTASIAK
  • ベストアンサー率19% (658/3306)
回答No.2

失礼。タイプミスです。 1: at a ball held at the palace ×= at a ball whic was held at the palace ○= at a ball which was held at the palace

  • ANASTASIAK
  • ベストアンサー率19% (658/3306)
回答No.1

1: at a ball held at the palace = at a ball whic was held at the palace 2: "appeared"でもほぼ同じです。 3: turned pumpkins and potatoes in a golden carriage = turned pumpkins and potatoes into a golden carriage 4: ここのwouldは意思です。びったりと履こうとする意思をとげられ なかった、というニュアンスです。

usaginochi
質問者

お礼

回答ありがとうございます。私にははじめANASTASIAKの回答は難しかったのですが、みなさんの回答を読み今また読んでみると理解できました。

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