The Impact of the Battle of the Somme on the German Army
- The Battle of the Somme placed unprecedented strain on the German army and depleted its highly trained infantry.
- The war of attrition strategy employed by Britain against Germany worsened the situation.
- Lack of rest and continuous destruction of German units in battle further weakened the army.
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The continental powers had begun the war with trained armies of regulars and reservists, which were wasting assets. Crown Prince Rupprecht of Bavaria wrote, "What remained of the old first-class peace-trained German infantry had been expended on the battlefield". A war of attrition was a logical strategy for Britain against Germany, which was also at war with France and Russia. A school of thought holds that the Battle of the Somme placed unprecedented strain on the German army and that after the battle it was unable to replace casualties like-for-like, which reduced it to a militia. The destruction of German units in battle was made worse by lack of rest. British and French aircraft and long-range guns reached well behind the front-line, where trench-digging and other work meant that troops returned to the line exhausted.
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＞The continental powers had begun the war with trained armies of regulars and reservists, which were wasting assets. Crown Prince Rupprecht of Bavaria wrote, "What remained of the old first-class peace-trained German infantry had been expended on the battlefield". ⇒大陸軍は、訓練された正規軍と予備兵をもって戦いを開始していたが、それは減耗資産であった。「第一級の治安訓練を受けた旧ドイツ歩兵連隊のうちの生き残りのすべてが戦場に費やされしまった」と、バイエルンのルプレヒト皇太子は書き記している。 ＞A war of attrition was a logical strategy for Britain against Germany, which was also at war with France and Russia. A school of thought holds that the Battle of the Somme placed unprecedented strain on the German army and that after the battle it was unable to replace casualties like-for-like, which reduced it to a militia. ⇒ドイツ軍に対抗する英国軍にとって、消耗戦は論理的な戦略であった。そしてそれは、フランスとロシアとの戦いでもあった。思想家の一派が、「ソンムの戦い」は先例のない重圧をドイツ軍に課したので、戦後に犠牲者をそれと近いものに置き替えることができず、それは国民兵にまで引き下げることとなった、という見方を抱いていた。 ＞The destruction of German units in battle was made worse by lack of rest. British and French aircraft and long-range guns reached well behind the front-line, where trench-digging and other work meant that troops returned to the line exhausted. ⇒戦いでのドイツ軍部隊の破壊力は、休息の不足によってより悪化していった。英仏軍の航空機と長距離射程の銃砲が前線の背後に十分届くようになり、そこで塹壕掘削や他の仕事を進めたことは、疲弊しきった軍隊が戦線に戻って来る（来られる）ことを意味した。
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