• ベストアンサー

訳に関する質問

3つばかり、質問をお願いします。 (1) RP-HPLC of the commercial purified pectinase and electro-eluted isozyme was carried out using a Shimpak C18 reverse phase column (25 cm×4.6 mm i.d.) at a flow rate of 1.0 ml min-1 using a linear gradient of (a) 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) and (b) acetonitrile: water (70:30) and detected at 280 nm. 「市販のペクチナーゼと電気溶出(?)したイソ酵素をShimpakカラムでRP-HPLCにかけて、  その際にTFAでグラジエントを付け、キャリアはアセトにトリル:水にして、  280nmでの解析を行った。」 という感じでしょうか? (2) The reaction mixture, consisting of 0.9 ml substrate and 0.1 ml (60 g) enzyme solution was incubated at 25 °C for 30 min. Reaction was stopped by adding 1.0 ml DNS reagent and kept in a boiling water bath for 15 min. After cooling, double distilled water (3.0 ml) was added and the absorbance measured at 530 nm. この3文目に double distilled water (3.0ml)とあります。 ですが、この時点での全量は2.0mlだと思うのです。 すると、double(二倍)で3.0とはどういうことでしょうか? あと、一文目に 0.1ml(60g) とありますが、 酵素液が60gだとも思えず、どういう意味か判りません。 (3) The former was ruled out by adding chitooligomers (0.1 mM), the products of chitosan depolymerization, to the reaction mixture (containing 2.5~7.5 mg ml-1 chitosan), where no detectable effect was found, suggesting the susceptibility of the enzyme to substrate inhibition. 簡単に言うと 「キトサンオリゴマー(基質に相当)を含まない場合と、含む場合とでは  基質阻害だと思われる効果は発見されなかった。」 という感じですか?

質問者が選んだベストアンサー

  • ベストアンサー
  • rei00
  • ベストアンサー率50% (1133/2260)
回答No.3

(1) > using a linear gradient of (a) 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) and (b) acetonitrile: water (70:30)  0.1% trifluoroacetic acid (TFA)(a 液)と acetonitrile: water (70:30)(b 液)のリニアグラジエント溶媒を使って  つまり,0.1% TFA 溶液(a 液)と acetonitrile:water (70:30) の溶液(b 液)の割合を直線的に変えて溶出したわけです。実際の割合を幾つから幾つに,どれだけの時間かけて変えたかは,ここには出ていませんので,どこか別の場所に記載があるものと思います。 (3) > The former was ruled out  前者(の可能性)は除外された。 > by adding chitooligomers (0.1 mM), the products of chitosan depolymerization,  キトオリゴマー(キトサン分解反応の生成物)(0.1 mM)を加える事によって > to the reaction mixture (containingchitosan),  反応混合物(キトサン 2.5~7.5 mg ml-1 含有)に > where no detectable effect was found,  その場合(キトオリゴマーを反応混合物に加えた場合),検出できる影響は見られなかった ⇒ 影響はなかった > suggesting the susceptibility of the enzyme to substrate inhibition.  この事は,酵素が基質阻害を受ける可能性を示唆している  以上を纏めると,『キトオリゴマー(キトサン分解反応の生成物)(0.1 mM)を反応混合物(キトサン 2.5~7.5 mg ml-1 含有)に加える(実験を行う)事によって,前者(の可能性)は除外された。その場合(キトオリゴマーを反応混合物に加えた場合),検出できる影響は見られなかった。この事は,酵素が基質阻害を受ける可能性を示唆している。』で如何でしょうか。  述べられているのは,『基質阻害か生成物阻害かを知るために,生成物であるキトオリゴマーを反応液に加えても酵素反応には影響が無かった。生成物阻害であれば,阻害剤になる生成物を加える事で酵素反応の阻害が見られるはずですので,影響が無かったという事は生成物阻害の可能性を除外できる。つまり,基質阻害を受けている事が考えられる。』と言う事ですね。

その他の回答 (2)

  • martian
  • ベストアンサー率36% (33/90)
回答No.2

1)linear gradientは直線勾配(2液の間で比率を直線的に変化させながら行うこと)。 2)double distilled waterは再蒸留水(蒸留水をもう一度蒸留)。

rheart
質問者

お礼

ありがとうございました。 申し訳ないのですが、 3)は如何なものでしょう? 生成物阻害か、基質阻害かの説明なのですが。

  • martian
  • ベストアンサー率36% (33/90)
回答No.1

1)linear gradientは直線勾配です(2液の間で比率を直線的に変化させながら行うこと)。 2)double distilled waterは2回蒸留水です(蒸留水をもう一度蒸留)。

関連するQ&A

  • RP-HPLC

    RP-HPLC of the commercial purified pectinase and electro-eluted isozyme was carried out using a Shimpak C18 reverse phase column (25 cm×4.6 mm i.d)(Shimadzu, Japan) at a flow rate of 1.0 ml min-1 using a linear gradient of (a) 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) and (b) acetonitrile: water (70:30) and detected at 280 nm. 逆相液クロについて書かれた一文なのですが、 RP-HPLCがどこまで掛かっているのでしょうか。 「市販の精製ペクチナーゼ」 までなのか 「電気溶出されたアイソザイム」 までなのでしょうか。

  • ミカエリス定数の問題(英語)

    ミカエリス定数についての英語の問題でわからない所がありました。 この答えとその理由を簡潔にでもいいので教えていただけると幸いです。 Q.Km(ミカエリス定数) is; A)a measure of the catalytic of the enzyme. B)the rate at which the enzyme dissociates from the substrate. C)the rate constant for the reaction ES→E+P D)the [S] that -saturate the enzyme. E)the rate at which the enzyme binds the substrate.

  • 訳を手伝ってください。

    Distilled water was atomized into the flowing gas stream above its condensation temperature and heated to the reaction temperature within the alumina furnace tube. distilled water : 蒸留水 condensation temperature : 凝縮温度 alumina : 酸化アルミニウム、アルミナ 前半のatomized into~が特に分かりません。 分かる方がいらしたらお願いします。

  • 英論文について

    The peroxide value (PV) was determined by the ferric thiocyanate method [9]. A 0.1-g oil sample was weighed and 9.7 ml ethanol added. Thus, the oil was dissolved. Next, 0.1 mL NH4SCN and 0.1 mL FeCl2 were added to the above-mentioned solution, and kept at room temperature for 5 min. Absorbance of the sample was measured at 500 nm. The results were expressed in mequiv/kg oil. TBARS (2-thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances) was determined as described by Abuzaytoun et al. [16]. A 0.05–0.20-g oil sample was weighed into 25-mL volumetric flasks, dissolved in a small volume of 1-butanol, and made up to the mark with the same solvent. A 5.0-mL portion of this mixture was transferred into a dry test tube, and then a fresh 2-TBA reagent (5 mL of a solution of 200 mg 2-TBA in 100 mL 1-butanol) was added to it. The contents were mixed and heated in a water bath at 95 C for 2 h. The absorbance of the resultant colored complex was measured at 532 nm. The TBARS values were calculated by multiplying the absorbance reading by a factor of 0.347. This factor was determined from a standard line prepared using 1,1,3,3-tetramethoxypropane as a precursor of malonaldehyde (MA). The results were expressed in mmol MA equiv/g oil. The induction period of the oil samples were determined by the Metrohm Rancimat apparatus model 743 (Metrohm, Switzerland) [17]. Then, 4.0 g of each oil sample was weighed in the reaction vessel glassware. The conductimetry cells were filled with deionized water up to 90 mL. Samples were heated at 110 C and air was passed through the heated oil at a rate of 20 L/h. The induction period was determined automatically by the device and expressed in hours. The infrared spectra of the samples were recorded on a FTIR (Varian 1000 Model) system with a horizontal attenuated total reflectance (ATR) apparatus [18]. The spectrometer was equipped with a deuterated triglycine sulfate detector and purged with dry nitrogen (DuraDry, Haverhill, MA). The ATR crystal was cleaned with pure chloroform before each measurement. A 40-lL oil sample was spread as a thin layer in the ATR crystal and periodical scans (18 scans, 4 cm-1 resolution) were obtained in the spectral range of 400–4,000 cm-1 at 20-min intervals for 360 min. The induction times, i.e. the time needed for a dramatic increase in absorbance, were determined algebraically とても長い文章ですけどまったくもってわからないので教えてください。 翻訳機と電子辞書を使ったのですがそれでもわからなかったので教えてください。 お願いします。

  • 語句の質問

    The sigmoidal dependence of reaction rate on substrate concentration exhibited by some enzymes is evidence of a type of activation effect. 反応速度のいくつかの酵素に表されている基質濃度へのsigmoidal依存が、活性化効果の典型的な証拠である。 sigmoidal dependence とは何ですか? At low substrate concentrations, the bonding of one substrate molecule enhances the bonding of the next one (mathematically stated, the increment in v resulting from an increment in s, dv/ds, is increasing). 低基質濃度では、1回の基質分子の接合により次の結合が強化される(数学的に、s dv/dsのインクリメントに起因しているvのインクリメントは増大する)。 よく解かりません、 increment : 増分 と辞書にありましたが。 Such behavior can be modeled by assuming a concerted transition of protein subunits: we assume that the enzyme, which is probably oilgomeric, has multiple binding sites for substrate and that the first substrate molecule bound to the enzyme alters the enzyme's structure so that the remaining sites have a stronger affinity for the substrate. そのような反応は、蛋白質サブユニットの協定の推移の仮定によりモデル化することができる:私たちは、酵素(恐らくオリゴマー)が基板のための多数の結合力のある側面を持っており、残りの側面が基質へのより強い類似性を持つように酵素への第1の基質分子境界が酵素の構造を変更する、と考える。 長くて理解し辛いですが 結局どういう現象を言っているのでしょうか?

  • 英単語用法の質問

    文中の英単語の言い回しで悩んでいます。 ()内の意味合いは正しいでしょうか? The latter may result from "gene sharing", gene fusion and "exon shuffling". After the run, the gel was "incubated"(生じる) in 0.1 M citrate buffer, pH 3.0 at 37 ℃ for 1 h followed by staining with ruthenium red (0.05 % w/v). To elaborate and identify the nature of enzyme responsible for the chitosanolysis, the commercial purified purified pectinase from A. niger was "subjected to"(対象となる,しなければならない) further purification by PAGE, followed by "kinetic"(動的) study for both pectinase and chitosanase. The "former"(作者,前者) was ruled out by adding chitooligomers, the products of chitosan depolymerization, to the reaction mixture, where no detedctable effect was found, suggesting the susceptibility of the enzyme to substrate inhibition. "Charcoal-Celite"(活性炭セライト) chromatography of the alkaline supernatant gave a GlcN-rich oligomeric fraction in the water eluent "(F1)"(?), leaving behind the adsorbed GluNAc oligomers (F2) in the column, which were subsequently eluted with 60% aqueous ethanol. Because of high salt content, the former was difficult to purify, whereas upon re-N-acetylation it could be easily "refractionated"(屈折?). NALDI-TOF-MS analysis of F2 afforded a number of M+H+ and M+Na+ molecular ions which could be categorized into two groups "bases on"(基づく) their abundance (i) m/z 350-410.

  • PAGEについての質問

    Glycolchitosan (0.05%, w/v) incorporated PAGE was performed at pH 8.8. 「グリコールキトサンを組み込んだPAGE」 は、ゲル中の成分として含むということですか? The gel was stained for chitosanase activity by incubating at 37 °C for 1 h (crude enzyme) and 2 h (purified isozyme) in 0.1 M citrate buffer, pH 3.0, washed with distilled water and stained with Congo red (0.1%). 「ゲルはクエン酸緩衝液で37℃、1h(粗)、2h(精製)でインキュベートし、キトサナーゼ活性で染色した。」 hは時間で、泳動した後のゲルについて各々酵素反応を行ったということでしょうか。 The contrast was enhanced for the development of dark blue colour with the addition of 5% acetic acid where chitosanase activity band was observed as a clear area against a dark blue background. 対照は、5%酢酸で紺色を付け、活性バンドは紺色BGに対し、透明帯として観察した。 5%酢酸で紺色に着色するのはどういう原理でしょうか? ペクチナーゼの方ではルテニウムレッドを用いて ピンク色のBGに対して透明帯を観察したと 書いてあるのですが、これも5%酢酸によって ピンク色に着色したのでしょうか?

  • 英訳してください

    Electrophilic substitution Electrophilic substitution in the highly activated phenol ring occurs under very mild conditions, and mononitration must be carried out with dilute aqueous nitric acid. The usual nitric acid-sulfuric acid mixture gives complex mixtures of polynitro compounds and oxidation products. Separation of o- and p-nitrophenol can be accomplished by taking advantage of the strong intramolecular hydrogen bonding, or chelation, in the ortho isomer. In the para isomer, the hydrogen bonding is inter-molecular, leading to association of the molecules in the liquid and much lower vapor pressure. On steam distillation of the mixture the ortho isomer is obtained in pure form in the distillate. The para isomer can then be isolated from the nonvolatile residue. [Procedure] In a 250-ml Erlenmeyer flask, place 10 ml of concentrated nitric acid and 35 ml of water. Weigh out 8.0 g of phenol ("loose crystals") in a 50-ml beaker. (CAUTION: Avoid contact with skin.) Add 2 ml of water and allow the mixture to liquefy. With a disposable pipet, add 1- to 2-ml portions of the phenol to the nitric acid and cool as necessary by swirling in a pan of cold water to keep the temperature of the reaction mixture at 45 to 50°. After all of the phenol has been added (rinse the beaker with 1 ml of water), shake the flask intermittently for 5 to 10 minutes while the contents cool to room temperature. Meanwhile, assemble the apparatus for steam distillation. Transfer the reaction mixture to a separatory funnel and drain the oily organic layer into a three-neck 500-ml flask. Add 150 ml of water and then carry out steam distillation until no further o-nitrophenol appears in the distillate. Collect the o-nitrophenol, air dry, and determine yield and melting point. For isolation of the para isomer, adjust the total volume of the distillation residue to about 200 ml by adding more water or removing water by distillation. Decant the hot mixture through a coarse fluted filter or loose cotton pad, add about 1 to 2 g of charcoal to the hot filtrate, heat again to boiling, and refilter to remove charcoal. Cool a 500-ml Erlenmeyer flask in ice and pour into it a small portion of the hot solution to promote rapid crystallization and prevent separation of the product as an oil. Then add the remainder of the solution in small portions so that each is quickly chilled. Collect crystals, dry, and report yield and melting point.

  • 英文の訳!

    英文の訳をお願いします! He was worried about it himself. His yacht was made up of such materials as recycled alumminum cans and PET bottles, and solar batteries were used as a power source. Horie found that most of the oceans and the seas were still clean, which made him very happy. But he was shocked at the polluted water around Japan, especially Osaka Bay.

  • 共蒸着について

    有機物の薄膜についての論文を読んでいるのですが、共蒸着(co-evaporation)というものが出てきて、調べてみてもよく意味がわかりません。すみませんが、ご存じの方、教えてください。 TTF-(OH)TEMPO and TCNQ were heated at evaporation tenperatures of 443 and 523 K , respectively.Co-evaporation was carried out on KBr(001) substrates (substrate temperature: 223, 293, or 333K) for 90 min. The films thus obtained were then annealed at K for 240 min. という部分です。