The Scary Reality of Hypochondriacs and Web-based Medical Knowledge
- Hypochondriacs tend to assume the worst, even fatal, health conditions due to their inclination towards negativity.
- Patients with web-based medical knowledge often challenge or reject the advice given by medical professionals.
- Online medical searches can affect daily activities and raise questions about the drawbacks of being too health-conscious.
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Since all hypochondriacs (and, I’m afraid, people in general)have a propensity to jump to the worst rather than the best conclusions, this new breed of hypochondriac is apt to assume that he or she is seriously, even fatally , ill . How scary is that? Another related problem is that patients armed with web-based medical knowledge often dispute or refuse to accept the advice and diagnoses of medical professionals. This can make it very difficult for doctors to properly administer medical care. Some doctors, however, don’t mind their patient’s being so knowledgeable since it can help to improve doctor/patient communication. By the way, a 2008 study conducted by Microsoft found that more than half of the people surveyed admitted that online medical searches often interfere with their daily activities. All this makes me wonder if there isn’t such a thing as being too health-conscious.
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ヒポコンデリー【勝手に自分を病気だと思ってしまう心的疾病】の全ての患者(普通の人と同じように私もそうなることが怖い)には，最良の結論ではなく，最悪の状態に飛躍する傾向があるので，ヒポコンデリー患者でも新しい部類の患者は，真剣であり，致命的にさえ，病気或いは罪であると，ともすると，決めつけてしまう．それは，どんなに恐ろしいことでしょうか． 関連した別の問題として，ネットで得た医学知識を元にした患者がしばしば議論するということ，または，医療専門家の助言および分析を受け入れることを拒絶するということが挙げられます．これが、医師が，適切な医療処理をすることが出来ないという，非常に困難な状況を生み出しています． しかしながら、医師の中でも，それが医者または患者コミュニケーションを改善するのを支援することができるので患者が非常に知識の豊富なことを，気にしないという医師もいます． ところで、マイクロソフトによる２００８年の研究結果では，調査された人々の半分以上が，ネット上での医学知識や疾病に関して調べることが，医師達の日々の医療行為に対して，邪魔であることを認められました． これはすべて，健康に対する関心が高すぎるのではないかと私は思います．
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- 英文を日本語に訳してください。お願いします。
今度の水曜日（2/17）のAM８：００までにエキサイト翻訳とかを使わずに英文を日本語に訳してください。お願いします。 ・Is something missing from modern medicine? People get sick when they are unhappy. This is the belief of Dr.Bernie Siegel, an American pediatric and general surgeon who has written numerous books for patients and doctors. He feels that modern medicine over-emphasizes scientific knowledge and information. In particular, it dose not pay enough attention to the relationship between a person's feelings about life and their physical condition. Medical students and young doctors often say that their motivation to be doctors is not help people, and not to earn a high salary or to enjoy high social status. But, claims Siegel, the training they receive harms them by not teaching them to treasure this beautiful motivation. ・Patients can learn from their sickness For Siegel, it is important to view sickness as an opportunity to learn. He has studied patients who survive a serious illness, observing how they live longer than their doctors expect. He say these are usually people who notice their feelings and are able to accept them. A serious illness may, for example, make a patient feel angry about having wasted years doing a job that now seems meaningless. Some patients might never face these feelings. By noticing their feelings and expressing their emotions, he says, patients are able to make wise choices with regard to their treatment. Patients need to be encouraged to accept and enjoy being themselves more than they could before they became sick. They can become more aware of something deep within themselves. This new approach to life that has come from their sickness then begins to bring benefits to their bodies, and they are often able, to an important extent, to heal themselves. ・Doctors can learn from remarkable recoveries Patients are sometimes cured and survive against all the predictions of their doctors. But the medical profession tends to ignore remarkable cases which do not fit into the conventional way of solving medical problems. Conventional medical training does not teach doctors the importance of learning from cases of patients being cured for reasons that are not directly caused by medical treatment. Nor do medical schools teach doctors the value of other patients finding inspiration from such cases.
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A blind date is a date for two people who have never met before. Their mutual friends usually arrange the match. With the rise of the Internet, blind dates are becoming more common than before. Through instant messaging and Internet chat forums, people have a chance to meet people. Blind dating is exciting for some people, but it can be a stressful emotional experience for others. This may be mainly due to a lack of self-confidence and the inevitable fear of meeting an unknown. In the United States, people often talk about the experience of their friends. Some people like to gossip a lot. People who like to gossip often talk about individuals they may not know and that can be hurtful, especially if rumors and gossip continue to be shared. This conversation is between two friends about another friend. In this case, the two friends, Amy and Lisa, having the conversation want the information to remain confidential in order to protect this mutual friend, Toshi. At the end of this conversation, the two friends agree to keep their information confidential. "I've got your back" is a phrase used as reassurance between friends. the phrase is used to show confidentiality, solidarity and trust.
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Many patients felt Patch's love and humor, and their will to recover became stronger. After he graduated from the medical college, Patch opened the Gesundheit! Institute, a new kind of medical center, in West Virginia. Since then he has treated more than 15,000 people for free. It is not easy for him to run his hospital. He depends on donations and volunteer work. His dream is to build a big,free hospital open to everyone. He plans to make the new hospital a place full of fun and humor. In the Institute, Patch always spends several hours talking with each new patient. He says, "Many sick people suffer from loneliness and fear. Doctors cannot cure them only with medicine. I want my patients to laugh and to see their problems from a different perspective through laughing. Doctors should treat people and not just diseases." In 1998, Hollywood made a moviecalled "Patch Adams." It was based on his life story. Those who saw the film laughed and cried.
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下の文を和訳していただけませんか？ Mega changes in medical treatment and procedures are already occurring, thanks to nanotechnology and fiber optics. In the near future, it will no longer be necessary for a team of doctors and nurses to be in the room with the patient to perform surgery. Companies such as Medtronics in the United States have developed tiny video cameras and powerful imaging systems that make remote surgery possible. Other research groups such as the Advanced Therapeutic Engineering Laboratory at Tokyo Denki University are creating robots that can perform the same surgical functions that humans can, like the navigation robot for spine surgery. Such new developments will make surgery easier for the patient and reduce the time that doctors and nurses spend caring for patients. Medical specialists expect that surgery in the future will also be less expensive than it is today.
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英文の和訳をお願いします。 途中、並び替えがあります。 スペルには気をつけましたが、ミスがあったら指摘していただいて結構です。お願いします。 It is often said that the Japanese are shy or mysterious and that it is impossible to guess what they are thinking. In many cases, however, they may simply be trying to behave politely according to their own custums. Japanese people do have their own opinions, but they tend to wait their turn to speak out. If they completely disagree with somebody, they will usually listen with an air of acceptance at first, then disagree in a rather vague and roundabout way. This is considered the polite way to do things in Japan. On the other hand, because Western people consider directness and the honest expression of one's opinions more important, they tend to express their ideas more crearly. Even though quarrels sometimes take place, they do not usually affect people's relationships, except in extreme cases. In Japan, however, if you go against someone and create a bad atmosphere, your relations may break off completely. People tend to react emotionally, and most (afraid,are,being,excluded,from,of,the group). Silence can be also be concidered a kind of ambiguity. Between the Japanese and Westerners, there is a different understanding of silence. For the Japanese, silence indicates deep thinking or consideration, but too much silence often makes non-Japanese uncomfortable. Whereas the Japanese consider silence as rather good and people generally feel sympathetic toward it, non-Japanese sometimes feel that it is an indication of indifference. Too many words, however, are a kind of pressure for many Japanese and make them nervous and ill-at-ease. Aimai can result in misunderstandings, and people from other countries sometimes become irritated because the Japanese seem unable to answer “yes” or “no” directly. For example, if asked, “Which will you have, tea or coffee？” a Japanese person will often reply, “Either is OK.” This is a reserved and polite answer, but it often causes the host or hostess trouble. In fact, the word that Japanese most often have difficulty in using is“no” and their use of vague denials may lead to a great deal of friction and misunderstanding. To solve this problem, the Japanese need to become aware of their sense of ambiguity because many of them simply do not realize that it causes problems. With this awareness, they can try to express their opinions more clearly. On the other hand, non-Japanese should try to understand the Japanese mentality and the importance of the role that ambiguity plays in Japanese life. 以上になります。 あまり難しくないように思えましたが、長い文になると、意外と見落としている語があったり、訳していて、おそらく訳す順が変で、しっくり来ない部分があり、少し自信が無かったです。
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In almost every TV show about an emergency room you probably see an ambulance screeching to a stop with its lights flashing , a gurney being rushed through the corridors and emergency staff racing against time to save a person's kife with only seconds to spare. This scene is possible and occasionally happends , but most of he cases that a typical emergency department sees aren't so dramatic. Let's look at how an ordinary case goes through the normal flow of an emergency room. When patients arrive at the Emergency Department , they go to triage first. In triage , each patient's condition is prioritized , typically by a nurse. She puts the patient into one of three general categories. The categories are: ・Immediately life-threatening ・Urgent , but not immediately life-threatening ・Less urgent Categorizing patients is necessary so that someone with a life-threatening condition doesn't have to wait to get care. The triage nurse records the vital sugns (temperature , pulse , respiratory rate , and blood pressure). She also takes a brief history of the patient's current medical complaints , past medical problems , medications and allergies. From this information , the nurse can decide which triage category is suitable. Registration is the next stage in the ER process. A TV show rarely lets us see this part. It's not exciting , but it is very important. This is where the hospital collexts the patient's personal details and insurance information. Registration is needed to create a clear medical record so that the patient's medical history , lab tests , X-rays , etc. , will all be put on his or her medical chart. That chart can then be checked by doctors , nurses and other medical staff when necessary. Also , this information will be important for creating the hospital bill. If the patient has a life-threatening situation or arrives by ambulance , the registration stage might be done later at the beside. Finally , the patient comes to the exam room. The nurse has the person put on a patient gown so that an examination can be done properly. She might also collect a urine specimen at this time. After the nurse's tasks are fished , the emergency-medicine physician meets with the patient. The physician asks questions t create a more detailed medical history about the present illness , past medical problems , family history , social history , and also takes a close look at all the patient's physical systems. The physician then formulates a list of possible causes of the patient's symptoms. This is called a differential diagnosis. The most likely diagnosis is then determined by th patient's symptoms and the physical examination. If this stage is not enough to create a clear diagnosis , then further diagnostic testa are done.
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People who take this view have been shown to be musch more likely to die in the first few years of retirement than those who take a more positive view. It seems that they find it much harder to find anything worth living for, because they feel so useless. This also helps to explain why women live loger than men (although there are other factors to be considered too). Women who are past retiring age now, grew up in a culture in which the home was considered to be a woman's primary responsibility. Even after they have retired, that responsibility still remains, so they still have something in their lives to be involved with. But men of the same age were usually brought up to believe that their primary responsibility was to work and be the breadwinner for the family. That responsibility vanishes with compulsory retirement and this can be emotionally devastating. Even people who have looked forward to retirement can find that, after the first few months, and they can become very depressed even, sometimes, to the point where they give up trying to live. This is why it is so important for retired people to make sure that they have some other interest in their life, and more than just one if at all possible. Many retired people take up another responsibility where they can still feel needed, such as voluntary work. Gardening is particularly popular, because a garden needs to be looked after-it can't be neglected or it will quickly turn wild. So gardeners know that their efforts are necessary and worthwhile. Some people develop hobbies such as travelling, or learn a new sport, such as golf or bowls. All these are ways for people to develop other sources of self-esteem, to compensant for being without paid employment.
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In almost every TV show about an emergency room you probably see an ambulance screeching to a stop with its lights flashing , a gurney being rushed through the corridors and emergency staff racing against time to save a person's kife with only seconds to spare. This scene is possible and occasionally happends , but most of he cases that a typical emergency department sees aren't so dramatic. Let's look at how an ordinary case goes through the normal flow of an emergency room. When patients arrive at the Emergency Department , they go to triage first. In triage , each patient's condition is prioritized , typically by a nurse. She puts the patient into one of three general categories. The categories are: ・Immediately life-threatening ・Urgent , but not immediately life-threatening ・Less urgent Categorizing patients is necessary so that someone with a life-threatening condition doesn't have to wait to get care. The triage nurse records the vital sugns (temperature , pulse , respiratory rate , and blood pressure). She also takes a brief history of the patient's current medical complaints , past medical problems , medications and allergies. From this information , the nurse can decide which triage category is suitable. Registration is the next stage in the ER process. A TV show rarely lets us see this part. It's not exciting , but it is very important. This is where the hospital collexts the patient's personal details and insurance information. Registration is needed to create a clear medical record so that the patient's medical history , lab tests , X-rays , etc. , will all be put on his or her medical chart. That chart can then be checked by doctors , nurses and other medical staff when necessary. Also , this information will be important for creating the hospital bill. If the patient has a life-threatening situation or arrives by ambulance , the registration stage might be done later at the beside. Finally , the patient comes to the exam room. The nurse has the person put on a patient gown so that an examination can be done properly. She might also collect a urine specimen at this time. After the nurse's tasks are fished , the emergency-medicine physician meets with the patient. The physician asks questions t create a more detailed medical history about the present illness , past medical problems , family history , social history , and also takes a close look at all the patient's physical systems. The physician then formulates a list of possible causes of the patient's symptoms. This is called a differential diagnosis. The most likely diagnosis is then determined by th patient's symptoms and the physical examination. If this stage is not enough to create a clear diagnosis , then further diagnostic testa are done.
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SOCIAL EXCHANGE THEORY In 1975, Dowd proposed a different way of explaining this question. Dowd proposed that retirement is actually a sort of social contract that the person makes with society.They obtain increased leisure time, and an 'honourable discharge' from the idea that all responsible members of society ought to work as hard as possible - the Protestant Work Ethic-and in return, they give up their involvement in how society's affairs are run. This social exchange is seen, according to Dowd, as a fair trade, both by society and by old people. More recently, however, people are showing sings of being less prepared to accept this type of social contract. After all, we live much longer now than we did when retirement was first introdused, and we keep our health for longer, too; so it is much more practical for people to continue to take an active part in society. Among business and professional people, it is not at all uncommon for retirement to signal the beginning of a second career, and a much more independent one that allows them to use their experience, such as working as a consultant. In other groups of society, too, people are beginning to see retirement as an opportunity to do new things. Organizations like the University of the Third Age encourage retired people to develop new hobbies and pursue new interests, and are becoming more popular and successful all the time. Many psychologists now take the view that successful retirement is all about making sure that you acquire new social roles, to replace the ones that you have lost through work, and activities of this sort are exactly the way that people do that. Insight Having responsibilities and being needed seem to be the core of successful retirement. That can take many forms: some people feel needed by their gardens, and devote much of their time to taking care of them; while others take on more social responsibilities.
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When an employment magazine advertised for NPO job offers, many people working for companies, especially female employees, rushed to apply to the NPOs featured by the magazine. Some of the candidates had expensive experience of studying abroad and a good command of several languages. In general, in terms of salary, NPOs aren't so attractive as corporations. Despite the financial downside, NPOs are becoming increasingly popular. This is probably because you can often obtain a higher level of fulfillment than when working for a company. Mr.A, who left a major insurance company to work for an NPO, said that he decided (what,after,to change,working,wondering,his career,for,he was) and what he was trying to achieve through working. In 2000, NPOs in Japan employed about 176,000 people (0.3 % of the total number of employed) and this figure is expected to be more double over the next ten years. In the U.S., NPOs are defined in broader terms than in Japan and include tax-free bodies such as social welfare and medical institutions. NPOs defined (1) this way account for about percent of the employment total in the U.S. In Japan, which has a rapidly aging population, healthy senior citizens after retirement can oake active use (2) their management skills at NPOs and at the same time fulfill their lives by contributing (3) society. Isn't this a desirable win-win situation? Offering an environment where people can work comfortably, NPOs can provide an excellent opportunity for realizing ideals. ・( )内の整序 ・(1)～(3)に当てはまる語句 →自分は(1)in,(2)of,(3)toにしました。 ・2段落目、This is～の文のThisが何を指しているかを指摘しつつ、訳をお願いします。
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