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質問

The wounded German sailors were taken to Valparaíso, Chile, for treatment, where one later died of wounds received during the action. The 315 of Dresden's crew who remained were interned by Chile until the end of the war, when those who did not wish to remain in Chile were repatriated to Germany. One of the crew—Lieutenant Wilhelm Canaris, the future admiral and head of Abwehr—escaped internment in August 1915 and made it back to Germany, where he returned to active duty in the Imperial Navy.

The Battle of Shaiba (12–14 April 1915) was a battle of World War I fought between British and Ottoman forces; the later trying to retake the city of Basra from the British. By capturing Basra, the British had taken an important communications and industrial centre. The British had consolidated their hold on the city and brought in reinforcements. The Ottomans gathered their forces and launched a counteroffensive to retake the city and push the British out of Mesopotamia. The Ottoman commander Süleyman Askeri had about 4,000 regular soldiers, including the Istanbul Fire Brigade Regiment and a large number of irregular Arabs and Kurds, numbering maybe 14,000, for a total of 18,000 personnel. He chose to attack the British positions around Shaiba, southwest of Basra. Travel between Basra and Shaiba was difficult because seasonal floods had turned the area into a lake, and movement went via boat. The British garrison at Shaiba consisted of about 7,000 men in a fortified camp including a trench and barbed wire. At 5 AM on the 12th, the Ottoman troops started with a bombardment. That evening starting at dusk they tried to crawl through gaps in the British barbed wire, but were repulsed. By morning of the 13th the Ottoman troops had withdrawn to their positions at Barjisiyeh Wood. Later the next day it was apparent that some Ottomans and Arab irregulars were trying to slip around Shaiba, and maybe get to Basra by bypassing the town. The British, under General Charles Melliss, sent the 7th Hariana Lancers and later the 104th Wellesley's Rifles to attack the Arabs, but those attacks were failures. Melliss then attacked with the 2nd Dorsets and the 24th Punjabis, backed by artillery fire, and they routed the Arab irregulars, capturing 400 and dispersing the rest. The Arab irregular forces would not take part in the rest of the battle. Sulaimann Askari had his Ottoman regular troops fall back on Barjisiyeh Wood.

The Battle of Shaiba 　シャイバの戦い

回答No.1

Nakay702 · ベストアンサー

＞The wounded German sailors were taken to Valparaíso, Chile, for treatment, where one later died of wounds received during the action. The 315 of Dresden's crew who remained were interned by Chile until the end of the war, when those who did not wish to remain in Chile were repatriated to Germany. One of the crew—Lieutenant Wilhelm Canaris, the future admiral and head of Abwehr—escaped internment in August 1915 and made it back to Germany, where he returned to active duty in the Imperial Navy.
⇒負傷したドイツ軍の船員は治療のためにチリのバルパライソに搬送されたが、その後、戦闘中に受けた傷で死亡した。残ったドレスデンの乗組員315人のうち、チリに留まることを望まない人は（チリに）抑留されていたが、戦争の終わりにドイツへ送還された。乗組員の一人 ―ウィルヘルム・カナリス中尉、後のアブヴェール提督― は、1915年8月に抑留を逃れてドイツに戻り、帝国海軍の現役に復帰した。

＞The Battle of Shaiba (12–14 April 1915) was a battle of World War I fought between British and Ottoman forces; the later trying to retake the city of Basra from the British. By capturing Basra, the British had taken an important communications and industrial centre. The British had consolidated their hold on the city and brought in reinforcements. The Ottomans gathered their forces and launched a counteroffensive to retake the city and push the British out of Mesopotamia.
⇒「シャイバの戦い」（1915年4月12－14日）は、第一次世界大戦中のオスマン軍と英国軍との戦いで、オスマンが英国からバスラ市を奪取しようとして起こした戦いであった。英国軍がバスラを攻略したとき、それによって軍は重要な通信と産業の中心地を占領することになったのである。英国軍は都市の支配力を強化し、援軍を次ぎ込んだ。（しかし）オスマン軍は部隊を集めて反撃を開始し、街を奪回し、英国軍をメソポタミアから追い出した。

＞The Ottoman commander Süleyman Askeri had about 4,000 regular soldiers, including the Istanbul Fire Brigade Regiment* and a large number of irregular Arabs and Kurds, numbering maybe 14,000, for a total of 18,000 personnel. He chose to attack the British positions around Shaiba, southwest of Basra. Travel between Basra and Shaiba was difficult because seasonal floods had turned the area into a lake, and movement went via boat.
⇒オスマン軍司令官スレイマン・アスケリは、イスタンブール砲兵旅団連隊*は、約4,000人の正規兵におそらく14,000人という多数の不規則なアラブ人やクルド人を含めて、合計18,000人の員数を数えた。彼はバスラの南西、シャイバ周辺の英国軍陣地を攻撃することを選んだ。バスラとシャイバの間の移動は困難であったが、それというのも、季節的な洪水がその地域を湖に変えてしまったので、船で移動したからである。
＊Brigade Regiment（旅団連隊）：通常、旅団には２個以上の連隊が付属するが、この場合の旅団は１個連隊しか含まない、つまり、名称は旅団だが、内容は連隊にすぎないものをいう。

＞The British garrison at Shaiba consisted of about 7,000 men in a fortified camp including a trench and barbed wire. At 5 AM on the 12th, the Ottoman troops started with a bombardment. That evening starting at dusk they tried to crawl through gaps in the British barbed wire, but were repulsed. By morning of the 13th the Ottoman troops had withdrawn to their positions at Barjisiyeh Wood. Later the next day it was apparent that some Ottomans and Arab irregulars were trying to slip around Shaiba, and maybe get to Basra by bypassing the town.
⇒シャイバの英国守備隊は、塹壕と有刺鉄線を含む要塞化された野営地にいる約7,000人の兵士で構成されていた。12日の午前5時に、オスマン軍が砲撃を開始した。その日の夕方から、彼らは英国の有刺鉄線の隙間をもぐり込もうとしたが、撃退された。13日の朝までに、オスマン軍はバルジシエ・ウッドの陣地に撤退した。翌日、オスマン帝国とアラブの非正規軍がシャイバをすり抜けようと、町を迂回してバスラにたどり着いたことが明らかになった。

＞The British, under General Charles Melliss, sent the 7th Hariana Lancers and later the 104th Wellesley's Rifles to attack the Arabs, but those attacks were failures. Melliss then attacked with the 2nd Dorsets and the 24th Punjabis, backed by artillery fire, and they routed the Arab irregulars, capturing 400 and dispersing the rest. The Arab irregular forces would not take part in the rest of the battle. Sulaimann Askari had his Ottoman regular troops fall back on Barjisiyeh Wood.
⇒英国軍はチャールズ・メリス将軍のもとで、（まず）第7ハリアナ槍騎兵隊を、後から第104ウェールズリーのライフル隊を送り込んでアラブ軍を攻撃したが、これらの攻撃は失敗であった。その後、メリスは第2ドーセット隊と第24パンジャブ隊とをもって攻撃し、大砲の砲火に支えられながら、彼らはアラブの非正規軍を背走させ、400人を捕縛し、残りを分散させた。アラブの非正規部隊は（その後の）残りの戦闘には参加しなかった。スレイマン・アスカリ隊は、オスマン帝国の正規軍をバルジジーエ・ウッドに後退させた。

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