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質問

Dispersed in front of the line were divisional sharpshooter (Scharfschützen) machine-gun nests called the Stützpunkt-Linie. Much of the Kampffeld north of the Ypres–Roulers railway, had fallen on 31 July.The Albrecht Stellung (second line) roughly corresponded to the British black line (second objective) of 31 July, much of which had been captured, except on the Gheluvelt plateau. The line marked the front of the main battle zone (Grosskampffeld), which was about 2,500 yd (2,300 m) deep, behind which was the Wilhelm Stellung (third line) and most of the field artillery of the front divisions. In pillboxes of the Wilhelm Stellung were the reserve battalions of the front-line regiments. The leading regiment of an Eingreif division was to advance into the zone of the front division, with its other two regiments moving forward in close support, from support and reserve assembly areas, further back in the Flandern Stellung. Eingreif divisions were accommodated 9,800–12,000 yd (9,000–11,000 m) behind the front line and at the beginning of an attack, began their advance to assembly areas in the rückwärtige Kampffeld behind Flandern I Stellung, ready to intervene in the Grosskampffeld, for den sofortigen Gegenstoss (the instant-immediate counter-thrust).
In an appreciation of 2 August, Group Ypres correctly identified the Wilhelm Stellung as the British objective on 31 July and predicted more attacks on the Gheluvelt plateau and further north towards Langemarck. In the Group Ypres area, only the 3rd and 79th Reserve divisions remained battle worthy, the other four having suffered c. 10,000 casualties. On 4 August, a Group Wijtschate assessment concluded that the British attack needed to make progress, by forcing back the 52nd Division on the Gheluvelt plateau, where the defensive scheme had the front regiment of each division backed by the other two regiments in support and in reserve behind the front line. Crown Prince Rupprecht expressed concern on 5 August, that the weather conditions were rapidly exhausting the German infantry.

回答No.1

Nakay702 · ベストアンサー

＞Dispersed in front of the line were divisional sharpshooter (Scharfschützen) machine-gun nests called the Stützpunkt-Linie. Much of the Kampffeld north of the Ypres–Roulers railway, had fallen on 31 July.
The Albrecht Stellung (second line) roughly corresponded to the British black line (second objective) of 31 July, much of which had been captured, except on the Gheluvelt plateau.
⇒「基地戦線」(Stutzpunkt-Linie)と呼ばれる、師団所属の狙撃兵の機関銃巣が戦線の前方に拡散していた。イープル－ルーラー鉄道北の野戦場の多くが、7月31日に陥落した。
大雑把に見て、アルブレヒト陣地（第2戦線）は、英国軍の7月31日攻撃での黒線部（第2標的）に対応するが、その多くは、ゲルヴェルト高原を除いて、攻略された。

＞The line marked the front of the main battle zone (Grosskampffeld), which was about 2,500 yd (2,300 m) deep, behind which was the Wilhelm Stellung (third line) and most of the field artillery of the front divisions. In pillboxes of the Wilhelm Stellung were the reserve battalions of the front-line regiments. The leading regiment of an Eingreif division was to advance into the zone of the front division, with its other two regiments moving forward in close support, from support and reserve assembly areas, further back in the Flandern Stellung.
⇒戦線によって、主要戦闘地帯の前線が画された。すなわち、それは奥行き約2,500ヤード（2,300m）で、その背後にウィルヘルム陣地（第3戦線）、および師団前線の野戦砲兵隊（だまり）のほとんどがあった。ウィルヘルム陣地のピルボックスには、前線連隊の数個予備大隊（だまり）があった。アイングリーフ師団の先導連隊は、フランドル陣地のずっと後方の集会地域における支援隊や予備隊からの掩護と密着して、前方へ移動する他の2個連隊とともに、前線師団の地帯に進軍することにしていた。

＞Eingreif divisions were accommodated 9,800–12,000 yd (9,000–11,000 m) behind the front line and at the beginning of an attack, began their advance to assembly areas in the rückwärtige Kampffeld behind Flandern I Stellung, ready to intervene in the Grosskampffeld, for den sofortigen Gegenstoss (the instant-immediate counter-thrust).
⇒アイングリーフ師団は、前線の後方9,800－12,000ヤード（9,000－11,000 m)地点に宿営して、攻撃の最初にフランドル第I陣地の後ろの「後方野戦場」(ruckwartige Kampffeld)
における集会地域に進軍し始めて、速成の猛反撃のために大野戦場(Grosskampffeld)に介入する準備を整えた。

＞In an appreciation of 2 August, Group Ypres correctly identified the Wilhelm Stellung as the British objective on 31 July and predicted more attacks on the Gheluvelt plateau and further north towards Langemarck. In the Group Ypres area, only the 3rd and 79th Reserve divisions remained battle worthy, the other four having suffered c. 10,000 casualties.
⇒グループ・イープルは8月2日の評価理解において、ウィルヘルム陣地を英国軍の7月31日の標的として正しく認定し、ゲルヴェルト高原およびさらに北へ向ってランゲマルクに一層多くの攻撃があるものと予測した。グループ・イープル地域では、第3、第79予備師団だけは戦闘能力を残したが、他の4個師団は約10,000人の死傷者数を被った。

＞On 4 August, a Group Wijtschate assessment concluded that the British attack needed to make progress, by forcing back the 52nd Division on the Gheluvelt plateau, where the defensive scheme had the front regiment of each division backed by the other two regiments in support and in reserve behind the front line. Crown Prince Rupprecht expressed concern on 5 August, that the weather conditions were rapidly exhausting the German infantry.
⇒8月4日、グループ・ヴィッツシャテの状況評価で、英国軍はゲルヴェルト高地の第52師団を押し戻すことによって前進攻撃を要求するものと結論された。その高地の防御計画としては、前線に各師団の連隊が構え、それを他の2個連隊が支援したり、前線背後に予備隊として控えたりしていた。ルプレヒト皇太子は、8月5日に、気象条件によってドイツ軍の歩兵連隊が急速に疲弊しつつある、という危惧の念を表明した。

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