英語の質問：Grade10のPoint of Viewについての違いと文法
- 英語のGrade10で分からなかったところがあります。特にPoint of ViewでのOmniscientとLimited Omniscientの違いと、その具体例について教えてください。
- また、文法の質問もあります。なぜ、「What were you doing all last summer?」という文で、主語と述語が反対になっているのか、それぞれの表現が正しいのか教えてください。
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英語で２つ質問があります。教えて下さい（長いです）
現在、英語のGrade10で、分からなかったところがあります。分かる方、ぜひ教えてください！ 現在、Point Of Viewについて勉強しています。 OmniscientとLimited Omniscientの違いがよく分かりません。 下に両方のPoint of Viewを現した同じような内容の文章があります。どうして、その文章がOmniscientとLimited Omniscientを現すのか分かりません。 分かるように説明をお願いします！ まず、両方のOmniscientとLimited Omniscientについて。 Omniscientについて。 Third person Knowledge in unlimited (can peer inside the minds of characters -- express what they are thinking or feeling; can interpret their behavior) Limited Omniscientについて。 Third person Viewpoint of ONE character (tells what this character sees and hears, and thinks and feels -- shows no knowledge of what other characters see, hear, think or feel except for what this character knows or infers) Resembles real life conditions more closely than ominiscient Omniscient： Weary in every limb, the ant tugged over the snow a piece of corn he had stored up last summer. It would taste mighty good at dinner tonight. A grasshoppers, cold and hungry, looked on. Finally he could bear it no longer. "Please, friend ant, may I have a bite of corn?" "What were you doing all last summer?" asked the ant. He looked the grasshopper up and down. He knew its kind. "I sang from dawn till dark, "replied the grasshopper, happily unaware of what was coming next. "Well," said the ant, hardly bothering to conceal his contempt, "since you sang all summer, you can dance all winter." Limited omniscient: Weary in every limb, the ant tugged over the snow a piece of corn he had stored up last summer. It would taste mighty good at dinner tonight. It was then that he noticed the grasshopper, looking cold and pinched. "Please, friend ant, may I have a bite of corn?" asked the grass shopper. He looked the grasshopper up and down. "What were you doing all last summer?" asked the ant. He knew its kind. "I sang from dawn till dark, "replied the grasshopper, happily unaware of what was coming next. "Well," said the ant, hardly bothering to conceal his contempt, "since you sang all summer, you can dance all winter." それから、もう一つ、文法の質問があります。 A grasshoppers, cold and hungry, looked on. Finally he could bear it no longer. "Please, friend ant, may I have a bite of corn?" "What were you doing all last summer?" asked the ant. He looked the grasshopper up and down. He knew its kind. という文章で、２つ目の文の"What were you doing all last summer?"は、AntがGrasshopperに聞いた言葉だと思いますが、どうして、その後の言葉が asked the ant.なんでしょうか？ the ant askedではないのでしょうか？どちらも正解ですか？ asked the ant.となっていたので、AntがGrasshopperに尋ねたと思ったのにこんがらがってしまったもので・・・。 どうしても主語と述語が反対なんでしょうか？このように文章が書かれることもよくありますか？ 長い文章を読んでくれてありがとうございます。 片方だけでもいいです。分かった方は教えてください！お願いします！！！
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前者を「全知者」、後者を「限定全知者」としておきます。 全知者 （他の心の中を覗くことが出来る、すなわち何を考えているのか、何を感じているのか表現し、彼らの行動を解釈出来る）無限の知識。 限定全知者 一人の観点（その人の見、聞き、考え、感じることが分かる、すなわち他の人が見、聞き、考え、あるいは感じることは、その人物が知っていること、あるいは推定すること以外は分からない）全知者より実際の条件に近い。 全知者 体中疲れきって。アリが雪の上を前の年の冬貯蔵していたコーンを引きずっていた。今夜の晩飯にはこれは美味しいだろう。寒くて空腹なキリギリスが見守っていた。とうとう我慢が出来なくなって「友なるアリさん、コーンを少し分けてください」「この前の夏中あなたは何をしていたの？」とアリが聞いた。彼はキリギリスを頭から足まで見た、どんな者か分かった。 キリギリスは「夜明けから日暮れまで歌を歌っていた」と、次に何が来るかも知らずに幸せに答えた。 「ふん」軽蔑を隠そうともせずアリは言った。「夏中歌ったんだから、冬中踊るんだな」 限定全知者 体中疲れきって。アリが雪の上を前の年の冬貯蔵していたコーンを引きずっていた。今夜の晩飯にはこれは美味しいだろう。その時アリは寒そうで空腹そうなキリギリスに気付いた。「友なるアリさん、コーンを少し分けてください」とキリギリスは頼んだ。彼はキリギリスを頭から足まで見た。「この前の夏中あなたは何をしていたの？」とアリが聞いた。、どんな者か分かった。 キリギリスは「夜明けから日暮れまで歌を歌っていた」と、次に何が来るかも知らずに幸せに答えた。 「ふん」軽蔑を隠そうともせずアリは言った。「夏中歌ったんだから、冬中踊るんだな」 ＞＞どうしても主語と述語が反対なんでしょうか？このように文章が書かれることもよくありますか？ 普通です。下記の（５）です。 http://www.eibunpou.net/14/chapter35/35_1.html 上の訳でお分かりと思いますが、全知者とは「誰でも何でもお見通し」、限定全知者は「特定の人物のことなら何でも分かるがそれ以外は、特定の人物を通してのみ他が分かる人」という違いがあり、前者は考えにくいが、後者は実際にいるような気がする、と言うことだと思います。
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The teacher looked at his IQ scores and talked him about achievement,about doing what he was capable of doing, that he could become anything he wanted to become. 上記のThe teacherからcapable of doingまでを訳者は「知能検査の結果をみて、その割りに成績はよくないが、彼には能力があると言った」と訳しています。 about doinga what he was capable of doingが能力があるという意味なのでしょうか。 その辺が私には良く理解できませんので教えてください。
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よくわからないので、よろしくお願いします。 When I was a very small boy I was made to learn by heart certain of the fables of La Fontaine, and the moral of each was carefully explained to me. Among those I learnt was The Ant and the Grasshopper, which is devised to bring home to the young the useful lesson that in an imperfect world industry is rewarded and giddiness punished. In this admirable fable (I apologize for telling something which everyone is politely, but inexactly, supposed to know) the ant spends a laborious summer gathering its winter store, which the grasshopper sits on a blade of grass singing to the sun. Winter comes and the ant is comfortably provided for, but the grasshopper has an empty larder : he goes to the ant and begs for a little food. Then the ant gives him her classic answer : 'What were you doing in the summer time?' 'Saving your presence, I sang, I sang all days, all night.' 'You sang. Why, then go and dance.' I could not help thinking of this fable when the other day I saw George Ramsay lunching by himself in a restaurant. I never saw anyone wear an expression of such deep gloom. He was staring into space. He looked as though the burden of the whole world sat on his shoulder. I was sorry for him : I suspected at once that his unfortunate brother had been causing trouble again. I went up to him and held out my hand. 'How are you?' I asked. 'I am not in hilarious spirits,' he answered. 'Is it Tom again?' He sighed. 'Yes, it is Tom again.' 'Why don't you chuck him?You've done everything in the world for him. You must know by now that he's quite useless.' I suppose every family has a black sheep. Tom had been a sore trial to his for twenty years. He had begun life decently enough: he went into business, married, had two children. The Ramsays were perfectly respectable people and there was every reason to suppose that Tom Ramsay would have a useful and honourable career. But one day, without warning, he announced that he didn't like work and that he wasn't suited for marriage. He wanted to enjoy himself. He would listen to no expostulations. He left his wife and his office. He had a little money and he spent two happy years in the various capitals of Europe. Rumours of his doings reached his relations from time to time and they were profoundly shocked. He certainly had a very good time. They shook their heads and asked what would happen when his money was spent. They soon found out: he borrowed. He was charming and unscrupulous. I have never met anyone to whom it was more difficult to refuse a loan. He made a steady income from his friends and he made friends easily. But he always said that the money you spent on necessities was boring; the money that was amusing to spend was the money you spent on luxuries. For this he depended on his brother George. He did not waste his charm on him. George was a serious man and insensible to such enticements. George was respectable. Once or twice he fell to Tom's promises of amendment and gave him considerable sums in order that he might make a fresh start. On these Tom bought a motor-car and some very nice jewellery. But when circumstances forced George to realize that his brother would never settle down and he washed his hands of him, Tom, without a qualm, began to blackmail him. It was not very nice for a respectable lawyer to find his brother shaking cocktails behind the bar of his favourite restaurant or to see him waiting on the boxseat of a taxi outside his club. Tom said that to serve in a bar or to drive a taxi was a perfectly decent occupation, but if George could oblige him with a couple of hundred pounds he didn't mind for the honour of the family giving it up. George paid.
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