Importance of System Design and its Application in Various Fields
- System design is crucial not only in computer systems but also in other areas like automobile design. This article explores the significance of system design and its application in different fields.
- A car designer, for instance, may aim to maximize the reliability of a car while keeping the cost under $10,000. The mean time between equipment failures is used to measure the car's performance, and the resource constraint is the budget. Real-life designs must balance multiple metrics and constraints.
- In addition to reliability, performance, and recyclability, system designs need to consider factors such as affordability and time constraints. Achieving optimization in these areas is a complex task that requires careful consideration and trade-offs.
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翻訳をお願いしたいです。コンピューター関係の書物の文章です。
翻訳をお願いしたいです。コンピューター関係の書物の文章です。 System design is important not only in computer systems, but also in other areas, such as automobile design. For example, a car designer might try to maximize the reliability of a car(measured in the mean time between equipment failures) that costs less than $10,000 to build. In this example, the mean time between failures measures performance, and the resource constraint is money. In real life, of course, designs must try to simultaneously optimize many, possibly conflicting metrics (such as reliability, performance, and recyclability) while satisfying many constraints (such as the price of the car and the time allowed for the design).
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システム・デザインはコンピューター・システムにとどまらず、他の分野、たとえば自動車のデザインにおいても重要なものである。 たとえば、製造コストが１万ドル以下の車の信頼性（故障が発生するまでの時間の平均値で評価される）を最大にしようと考える。 この例でいえば、故障までの時間の平均値がパフォーマンスで、金額がリソースということになる。 もちろん、実際には、信頼性、パフォーマンス、再利用のしやすさなど、多くの相反する要素を同時に満足させるようなデザインをしようとするのだが、車の価格やデザインの時間的制約という要素も同時に満たさなければならないのだ。
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- 翻訳をお願いしたいです。コンピューター関係の書物の文章です。
翻訳をお願いしたいです。コンピューター関係の書物の文章です。 In real life, of course, designs must try to simultaneously optimize many, possibly conflicting metrics (such as reliability, performance, and recyclability) while satisfying many constraints (such as the price of the car and the time allowed for the design).
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- 英語
- 翻訳をお願いしたいです。コンピューター関係の書物の文章です。
翻訳をお願いしたいです。コンピューター関係の書物の文章です。 A system designer must typically optimize one or more performance metrics given a set of resource constrains. A performance metric measures some aspect of a system's performance, such as throughput, response time, cost development time, or mean time between failures(we will define these metrics more formally in Section 6.2). A resource constraint is a limitation on a resource, such as time, bandwidth, or computing power, that the design must obey.
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- 卒論に使用するため、翻訳をお願いしたいです。コンピューター関係の書物の
卒論に使用するため、翻訳をお願いしたいです。コンピューター関係の書物の文章です。 Time can constrain a design in many ways. For example, a user may require a task to complete before a given time, or may want to limit the time taken for a packet to travel from a source to a destination. At a different level, there may be a time constraint on how long it can take to design and build a system (time-to-market). Or, we may want to maximize the mean time between failures. We now study some standard ways to measure the use of time in a system.
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- 翻訳をお願いしたいです。コンピューター関係の書物の文章です。
翻訳をお願いしたいです。コンピューター関係の書物の文章です。 If we could quantify and control every aspect of a system, then system design would be a relatively simple matter. Unfortunately there are several practical reasons why system design is both an art and a science. First, although we can quantitatively measure some aspects of system performance, such as throughput or response time, we cannot measure others, such as simplicity, scalability, modularity, and elegance. Yet a designer must make a series of trade- offs among these intangible quantities, appealing as much to good sense and personal choice as performance measurements. Second, rapid technological change can make constraint assumptions obsolete. A designer must not only meet the current set of design constraints, but also anticipate how future changes in technology might affect the design. The future is hard to predict, and a designer must appeal to instinct and intuition to make a design "future-proof." Third, market conditions may dictate that design requirements change when part of the design is already complete. Finally, international standards, which themselves change over time, may impose irksome and arbitrary constraints. These factors imply that, in real life, a designer is usually confronted with a complex, underspecified, multifactor optimization problem. In the face of these uncertainties, prescribing the one true path to system design is impossible.
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- 翻訳をお願いしたいです。コンピューター関係の書物の文章です。
翻訳をお願いしたいです。コンピューター関係の書物の文章です。 By explicitly identifying performance metrics and resource constraints, a system designer ensures that the design space is well defined, the solution is feasible, and the design is efficient. She can then trade unconstrained resources for constrained ones to maximize the design's utility at the least cost. Continuing with our example, a system designer might use the PC's surplus computational power to compress data as much as possible, to best exploit the limited capacity of the transmission link. A well-designed system maximizes achievable performance while still satisfying the resource constraints.
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- 翻訳をお願いしたいです。コンピューター関係の書物の文章です。
翻訳をお願いしたいです。コンピューター関係の書物の文章です。 We call a freely available resource an unconstrained resource, and a resource whose availability determines overall system performance a constrained resource. In this system, the link's bandwidth constrains the overall performance, as measured by the effective throughput of the link. This, therefore, is the constrained resource. In this example, the computer’s processing speed and money size are unconstrained resources.
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- 卒論に使用するため、翻訳をお願いしたいです。コンピューター関係の書物の
卒論に使用するため、翻訳をお願いしたいです。コンピューター関係の書物の文章です。 We call the mean time to complete a task its response time and the mean number of tasks that can be completed in a unit time the throughput. There is an important relationship between throughput and response time that we will use often in this book: the mean number of concurrent activities in a system, also called its degree of parallelism, is the product of the throughput and the response time.
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- 翻訳をお願いしたいです。コンピューター関係の書物の文章です。
翻訳をお願いしたいです。コンピューター関係の書物の文章です。 Standard force the design to conform to some widely agreed-upon requirements that may or may not be appropriate for that particular design. Though standards are essential to allow interoperability and can reduce costs by promoting competition, poorly designed standards severely restrict the design space. Worse yet, an underspecified standard may lead to faulty implementations that are not even interoperable. A good example of a bad standard is the Q.2931 standard for signaling in ATM networks. The standard is unnecessarily complex, and therefore hard to implement and hard to modify. Yet, to succeed in the marketplace, switch manufacturers have to obey it, thus slowing the rate at which ATM networks spread.
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- 翻訳をお願いしたいです。コンピューター関係の書物の文章です。
翻訳をお願いしたいです。コンピューター関係の書物の文章です。 Nevertheless, it is still, possible to identify some principles of good design that have withstood the test of time and are applicable in a variety of situations. In Section6.2, we will study some common resources, so that the reader can get some intuition in identifying them in real systems. We will then build up, in Section6.3, a set of tool to help us trade freely available (unconstrained) resources for scarce (constrained) ones. Properly applied, these tools allow us to match the design to the constraints at hand. Finally, in Section6.4, we will outline a methodology for performance analysis and tuning. This methodology helps pinpoint problems in a design and build a more efficient and robust system.
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- 翻訳をお願いしたいです。コンピューター関係の書物の文章です。
翻訳をお願いしたいです。コンピューター関係の書物の文章です。 A successful design cannot cost more than what the market can bear. This affects the choice of components used in building the system, the number of engineers assigned to the task, and the time available. Moreover, to achieve economies of scale, the design must be manufacturable at a reasonable cost. All these considerations affect the design.
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