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質問

The German governor, Eduard Haber, knew his small force would eventually have to surrender but continued to hold out for several days hoping that the German East Asia Squadron would arrive to relieve them. Nevertheless, the show of Australian firepower was sufficient to start negotiations, forcing Haber to realise that his hopes were futile. The Germans subsequently made favourable terms with the Australians, surrendering the colony and ending the siege. Terms were signed on 17 September and all military resistance ceased, with the remaining 40 German soldiers and 110 natives surrendering on 21 September. Haber was allowed to return to Germany while German civilians could remain as long as they swore an oath of neutrality. Those who refused were transported to Australia from where they could freely travel back to Germany. With the government's surrender, nearly all of German New Guinea came under Australian control. The majority of the Germans living there were interned and later deported. Only a few isolated bands of German forces continued to resist after the fall of Toma. By 1915, the only remaining German resistance in the colony besides the occasional merchant raider was Leutnant Hermann Detzner and his band of 20 native police who evaded capture in the interior of New Guinea for the entire war. Following the capture of German possessions in the region, the AN&MEF provided occupation forces for the duration of the war.

The First Battle of the Aisne (French: 1re Bataille de l'Aisne) was the Allied follow-up offensive against the right wing of the German First Army (led by Alexander von Kluck) and the Second Army (led by Karl von Bülow) as they retreated after the First Battle of the Marne earlier in September 1914. The Advance to the Aisne (6 September – 1 October) consisted of the Battle of the Marne (7–10 September) and the Battle of the Aisne (12–15 September). When the Germans turned to face the pursuing Allies on 13 September, they held one of the most formidable positions on the Western Front. Between Compiègne and Berry-au-Bac, the Aisne River winds westward and is about 100 feet (30 m) wide, ranging from 12–15 feet (3.7–4.6 m) deep.Low-lying ground extends a 1-mile (1.6 km) on each side, rising abruptly to a line of steep cliffs 300–400 feet (91–122 m) high, then gently levelling to a plateau. The Germans settled on the higher northern side 2 miles (3.2 km) beyond the crest, behind a dense thicket that covered the front and slope.

The First Battle of the Aisne 第一次エーヌの戦い

回答No.1

Nakay702 · ベストアンサー

＞The German governor, Eduard Haber, knew his small force would eventually have to surrender but continued to hold out for several days hoping that the German East Asia Squadron would arrive to relieve them. Nevertheless, the show of Australian firepower was sufficient to start negotiations, forcing Haber to realise that his hopes were futile. The Germans subsequently made favourable terms with the Australians, surrendering the colony and ending the siege.
⇒ドイツの知事エドワルド・ハーベルは、彼の小さな部隊は結局降伏しなければならないことを知っていたが、ドイツ軍の東アジア艦隊が彼らを救援するために到着することを期待して数日間持ちこたえていた。それにもかかわらず、オーストラリア軍は砲火を誇示して、ハーベルに希望の空しさを認識せざるを得なくしたので、それは交渉を始めさせるのに十分であった。ドイツ軍はその後、植民地を放棄して包囲を終わらせ、オーストラリア軍と具合のよい条約を結んだ。

＞Terms were signed on 17 September and all military resistance ceased, with the remaining 40 German soldiers and 110 natives surrendering on 21 September. Haber was allowed to return to Germany while German civilians could remain as long as they swore an oath of neutrality. Those who refused were transported to Australia from where they could freely travel back to Germany. With the government's surrender, nearly all of German New Guinea came under Australian control.
⇒9月17日に条件が調印され、軍の抵抗はすべて消滅し、残りの40人のドイツ軍兵士と110人の先住民が9月21日に降伏した。ハーベルはドイツに帰ることを許されたが、ドイツの一般市民は、中立の宣誓を誓う限り残ることができた。拒否した人々はオーストラリアへ移送されたが、そこから自由にドイツへ戻ることができた。政府の降伏によって、ドイツ領ニューギニアのほぼ全体がオーストラリアの統制下に入った。

＞The majority of the Germans living there were interned and later deported. Only a few isolated bands of German forces continued to resist after the fall of Toma. By 1915, the only remaining German resistance in the colony besides the occasional merchant raider was Leutnant Hermann Detzner and his band of 20 native police who evaded capture in the interior of New Guinea for the entire war. Following the capture of German possessions in the region, the AN&MEF provided occupation forces for the duration of the war.
⇒そこに住んでいたドイツ人の大多数は、収容され、後で強制送還された。トーマ陥落後も、孤立したドイツ軍のほんの一部の徒党だけは抵抗し続けた。1915年までに、あまたま居合わせた商人の侵入者以外に植民地に残っていた唯一のドイツ軍抵抗隊は、ヘルマン・デツネル中尉とその配下の20人の土着民警官の一味で、戦争の間中ニューギニア内部で被捕獲を避けていた。この地域でのドイツの所有地攻略に続いて、AN＆MEFは戦争の間占領軍を提供した。

＞The First Battle of the Aisne (French: 1re Bataille de l'Aisne) was the Allied follow-up offensive against the right wing of the German First Army (led by Alexander von Kluck) and the Second Army (led by Karl von Bülow) as they retreated after the First Battle of the Marne earlier in September 1914. The Advance to the Aisne (6 September – 1 October) consisted of the Battle of the Marne (7–10 September) and the Battle of the Aisne (12–15 September).
⇒「第一次エーヌの戦い」（フランス語：1re Bataille de l'Aisne）は、（アレキサンデル・フォン・クルック統率の）ドイツ第1方面軍と、（カール・フォン・ビュロー統率の）第2方面軍との右翼隊に対する連合国軍の追撃であった。それは、時あたかも彼らが1914年9月初旬の「第一次マルヌの戦い」の後に退却した時期であった。「エーヌへの進軍」（9月6日－10月1日）は、「マルヌの戦い」（9月7日－10日）と「エーヌの戦い」（9月12日–15日）から成っていた。

＞When the Germans turned to face the pursuing Allies on 13 September, they held one of the most formidable positions on the Western Front. Between Compiègne and Berry-au-Bac, the Aisne River winds westward and is about 100 feet (30 m) wide, ranging from 12–15 feet (3.7–4.6 m) deep. Low-lying ground extends a 1-mile (1.6 km) on each side, rising abruptly to a line of steep cliffs 300–400 feet (91–122 m) high, then gently levelling to a plateau. The Germans settled on the higher northern side 2 miles (3.2 km) beyond the crest, behind a dense thicket that covered the front and slope.
⇒ドイツ軍が追跡する連合国軍に直面することになった9月13日、彼らは西部戦線で最も手ごわい陣地の1つを掌握した。エーヌ川はコンペーニュとベリー-オ-バクの間で西に曲がり、幅約100フィート（30 m）、深さ12～15フィート（3.7～4.6 m）の範囲にあった。両側の低地は1マイル（1.6キロ）に伸びていて、高さ300～400フィート（91～122 m）の急な断崖絶壁へ急上昇した後、穏やかな水平高原となっていた。ドイツ軍は、頂上と斜面を覆って密生する茂みの背後で頂上から2マイル（3.2キロ）北の高地に陣を構えた。

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