British Artillery and German Troops Clash in the Battle of Ypres

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  • British artillery fires preparatory bombardment
  • German troops counter-attack and recapture Glencorse Wood
  • Appalling weather and defeats lead to slump in British infantry morale
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British artillery fired a preparatory bombardment from Polygon Wood to Langemarck but the German guns concentrated on the Gheluvelt Plateau. The British artillery was hampered by low cloud and rain, which made air observation extremely difficult and shells were wasted on empty gun emplacements. The British 25th Division, 18th Division and the German 54th Division took over by 4 August but the German 52nd Reserve Division was not relieved; both sides was exhausted by 10 August. The 18th Division attacked on the right and some troops quickly reached their objectives but German artillery isolated the infantry around Inverness Copse and Glencorse Wood. German troops counter-attacked several times and by nightfall the copse and all but the north-west corner of Glencorse Wood had been recaptured. The 25th Division on the left flank advanced quickly and reached its objectives by 5:30 a.m., rushing the Germans in Westhoek but snipers and attacks by German aircraft caused an increasing number of casualties. The Germans counter-attacked into the night as the British artillery bombarded German troops in their assembly positions. The appalling weather and costly defeats began a slump in British infantry morale; lack of replacements concerned the German commanders. Plan of attack Ypres area, 1917 The attack was planned as an advance in stages, to keep the infantry well under the protection of the field artillery. II Corps was to reach the green line of 31 July, an advance of about 1,480–1,640 yd (1,350–1,500 m) and form a defensive flank from Stirling Castle to Black Watch Corner. The deeper objective was compensated for by reducing battalion frontages from 383–246 yd (350–225 m) and leap-frogging supporting battalions through an intermediate line, to take the final objective. On the 56th Division front, the final objective was about 550 yd (500 m) into Polygon Wood. On the right, the 53rd brigade was to advance from Stirling Castle, through Inverness Copse to Black Watch Corner, at the south western corner of Polygon Wood, to form a defensive flank to the south.

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>British artillery fired a preparatory bombardment from Polygon Wood to Langemarck but the German guns concentrated on the Gheluvelt Plateau. The British artillery was hampered by low cloud and rain, which made air observation extremely difficult and shells were wasted on empty gun emplacements. The British 25th Division, 18th Division and the German 54th Division took over by 4 August but the German 52nd Reserve Division was not relieved; both sides was exhausted by 10 August. The 18th Division attacked on the right and some troops quickly reached their objectives but German artillery isolated the infantry around Inverness Copse and Glencorse Wood. ⇒英国軍砲兵隊はポリゴンウッドからランゲマルクに向けて予備砲撃に点火したけれども、ドイツ軍の銃砲はゲルヴェルト高原に集中していた。英国軍の砲撃は低い雲と雨により妨げられて、空中観察が極めて難しくなり、砲弾が空砲のように空費された。英国軍第25師団、第18師団、およびドイツ軍第54師団は、8月4日までに引き継ぎをしたけれども、ドイツ軍第52予備師団には救援がなかった。両軍とも8月10日までに疲弊しきった。第18師団が右側面を攻撃して、素早く標的に到達した軍隊もあったが、ドイツ軍砲兵隊はインヴァーネス雑木林やグレンコース・ウッドの周辺に歩兵隊を孤立させた。 >German troops counter-attacked several times and by nightfall the copse and all but the north-west corner of Glencorse Wood had been recaptured. The 25th Division on the left flank advanced quickly and reached its objectives by 5:30 a.m., rushing the Germans in Westhoek but snipers and attacks by German aircraft caused an increasing number of casualties. The Germans counter-attacked into the night as the British artillery bombarded German troops in their assembly positions. The appalling weather and costly defeats began a slump in British infantry morale; lack of replacements concerned the German commanders. ⇒ドイツ軍隊が数回反撃して、夕方までには雑木林をはじめグレンコース・ウッド北西の一角を除いてすべてが取り返された。左側面の第25師団は迅速に進軍し、午前5時30分までに標的に到達してドイツ軍をウェストホークに押し込めたけれども、ドイツ軍航空隊の狙撃と爆撃によって死傷者数の増加が引き起こされた。英国軍の砲兵隊がドイツ軍の集会陣地を砲撃したので、ドイツ軍は夜になってから反撃した。恐ろしい天候と高くついた敗北のために、英国軍歩兵隊の士気が落ち込み始めた。ドイツ軍の司令官らは、交替要員の不足を懸念し憔悴していた。 >Plan of attack Ypres area, 1917 The attack was planned as an advance in stages, to keep the infantry well under the protection of the field artillery. II Corps was to reach the green line of 31 July, an advance of about 1,480–1,640 yd (1,350–1,500 m) and form a defensive flank from Stirling Castle to Black Watch Corner. The deeper objective was compensated for by reducing battalion frontages from 383–246 yd (350–225 m) and leap-frogging supporting battalions through an intermediate line, to take the final objective*. On the 56th Division front, the final objective was about 550 yd (500 m) into Polygon Wood. On the right, the 53rd brigade was to advance from Stirling Castle, through Inverness Copse to Black Watch Corner, at the south western corner of Polygon Wood, to form a defensive flank to the south. ⇒攻撃計画 イープル地域、1917年 攻撃は、歩兵隊を野戦砲の保護のもとに留めておくために、段階が進んでから実行するものとして計画された。第II軍団は、約1,480-1,640ヤード(1,350-1,500 m)進軍して7月31日の緑線部戦線に到達し、スターリング・キャッスルから英国軍ハイランド連隊の地域までにわたる防御側面隊を編成することになっていた。より深い標的は、大隊の前線間口を383-246ヤード(350-225m)より減らし、中間線を通って支援大隊をウマ飛びする形で最終標的を奪取することによって、補償された*。第56師団の前線では、最終標的はポリゴンウッドまで約550ヤード(500m)のところであった。その右翼では、第53旅団がスターリング・キャッスルからインヴァーネス雑木林を通ってポリゴンウッド南西の英国軍ハイランド連隊の地域まで進軍し、南面に対する防御側面隊を編成することになっていた。 *この部分、あまり自信ありません。誤訳の節はどうぞ悪しからず。

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