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The Zaian War was fought between France and the Zaian confederation of Berber tribes in Morocco between 1914 and 1921. Morocco had become a French protectorate in 1912 and the French army extended French influence eastwards through the Middle Atlas mountains towards French Algeria. The Zaians, led by Mouha ou Hammou Zayani quickly lost the towns of Taza and Khénifra but managed to inflict many casualties on the French, who responded by establishing groupes mobiles, combined arms formations that mixed regular and irregular infantry, cavalry and artillery. By 1914 the French had 80,000 troops in Morocco. Two thirds of the French troops were withdrawn from 1914–1915 for service in France and more than 600 French soldiers were killed at the Battle of El Herri on 13 November 1914. Lyautey the French governor, reorganised his forces and pursued a forward policy rather than passive defence. The French retained most of their territory despite intelligence and financial support provided by the Central Powers to the Zaian Confederation and raids which caused losses to the French when already short of manpower.

先勝国側の兵士が、どさくさ紛れに敗戦国の婦女子を凌辱（強姦）するのは、歴史上 昔から近代（あるいは現代）でもどこでも行われてきた事なのでしょうか? また、日本（日本人）が加害者となったこともあったのでしょうか？ 婦女子への凌辱を肯定する気は毛頭ありませんが、約70年前にロシア人が日本人の婦女子を凌辱したという記事に対し、ロシア人への憎悪を露にしている人が多くいたので気になった次第です もしその頃のロシア人の所業が事実であれば、遺憾には思いますが、ロシア人だけではなく他の時代や国でも数多く行われていたのであれば、ロシア人を取り分け批判するのも変な話だと思いました 他でも悪いことしているからといって、しても構わないとは思いません

タイトルや歌詞に数字が入った曲でお好きなものがあれば教えてください。 （洋邦、新旧、ジャンル、一切問いません） 因みに私はこんな感じの曲が好きです。 Al Kooper,One https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O23TZDgK1MY

Germany had established a protectorate over Kamerun by 1884 during the Scramble for Africa. In 1911, France ceded Neukamerun (New Cameroon), a large territory to the east of Kamerun, to Germany as a part of the Treaty of Fez, the settlement that ended the Agadir Crisis. In 1914, the German colony of Kamerun made up all of modern Cameroon as well as portions of Nigeria, Chad, Gabon, the Republic of the Congo and the Central African Republic. Kamerun was surrounded on all sides by Allied territory. British-held Nigeria was to the north-west. The Belgian Congo bordered the colony to the south-east and French Equatorial Africa lay in the east. The neutral colony of Spanish Guinea was bordered by German Kamerun on all sides but one, which faced the sea. In 1914, on the eve of World War I, Kamerun remained largely unexplored and unmapped by European invaders. In 1911–1912 the border with the French colonies of Gabon, Middle Congo, Ubangi-Shari and Chad was established and in 1913 the border between the colonies of Nigeria and Kamerun was defined. The German military forces stationed in the colony at the time consisted of around 1,855 Schutztruppen (protection troops). However, after the outbreak of war by mid-1915, the Germans were able to recruit an army of around 6,000. Allied forces on the other hand in the territories surrounding Kamerun were much larger. French Equatorial Africa alone could mobilize as many as 20,000 soldiers on the eve of war while British Nigeria to the west could raise an army of 7,550.

【アフリカが原産地の食材】アフリカで取れる食材って何がありますか？ グレープフルーツの原産地ってアフリカですか？ アフリカが原産地の日本で手に入る食材を教えてください。

Aware of the country's precarious geopolitical situation, a new military bill was signed by King Leopold II in 1909, initiating major military reforms. These put an end to the system of remplacement, in which wealthy conscripts could pay a replacement to take their place in the army, and introduced a more egalitarian form of military conscription based on age group. Beyond the acquisition of a few new Krupp artillery pieces, there was little attempt to modernise the army's equipment. Further reforms were launched after the Agadir Crisis in 1911 under the leadership of the Charles de Broqueville government. After several years of discussion, a major military reform bill was ratified by the parliament in 1913 by which the total possible strength of the army would be gradually increased from 180,000 to 350,000 men. Military spending also rose. This reform had only been partially implemented by the outbreak of war and Belgium's army was still considered to be weak by the German military leadership.

A German attack from south-eastern Belgium towards Mézières and a possible offensive from Lorraine towards Verdun, Nancy and St. Dié was anticipated; the plan was a development of Plan XVI and made more provision for the possibility of a German offensive through Belgium. The First, Second and Third armies were to concentrate between Épinal and Verdun opposite Alsace and Lorraine, the Fifth Army was to assemble from Montmédy to Sedan and Mézières and the Fourth Army was to be held back west of Verdun, ready to move east to attack the southern flank of a German invasion through Belgium or south against the northern flank of an attack through Lorraine. No formal provision was made for combined operations with the British Expeditionary Force (BEF) but joint arrangements had been made and during the Second Moroccan Crisis in 1911, the French had been told that six divisions could be expected to operate around Maubeuge.

・初対面の男性に、レストランで食事を奢った ・相手の男性の服が汚れているからと、服を貸した ・相手の男性が暇そうにしていると、本を貸した ・相手の男性が、自分の金を奪う為に銃で撃たれたにもかかわらず、最後は相手の男性に有り金全てと時計を渡した ・相手の男性に撃たれた事を、死ぬまで誰にも言わなかった

A German attack from south-eastern Belgium towards Mézières and a possible offensive from Lorraine towards Verdun, Nancy and St. Dié was anticipated; the plan was an evolution from Plan XVI and made more provision for the possibility of a German offensive from the north through Belgium. The First, Second and Third armies were to concentrate between Épinal and Verdun opposite Alsace and Lorraine, the Fifth Army was to assemble from Montmédy to Sedan and Mézières and the Fourth Army was to be held back west of Verdun, ready to move east to attack the southern flank of a German invasion through Belgium or southwards against the northern flank of an attack through Lorraine. No formal provision was made for combined operations with the British Expeditionary Force (BEF) but joint arrangements had been made and in 1911 during the Second Moroccan Crisis, the French had been told that six British divisions could be expected to operate around Maubeuge.

Under Plan XVII, the French peacetime army was to form five field armies of c. 2,000,000 men, with groups of Reserve divisions attached to each army and a group of reserve divisions on the flanks. The armies were to concentrate opposite the German frontier around Épinal, Nancy and Verdun–Mezières, with an army in reserve around Ste. Ménéhould and Commercy. Since 1871, railway building had given the French General staff sixteen lines to the German frontier against thirteen available to the German army and the French could wait until German intentions were clear. The French deployment was intended to be ready for a German offensive in Lorraine or through Belgium. It was anticipated that the Germans would use reserve troops but also expected that a large German army would be mobilised on the border with Russia, leaving the western army with sufficient troops only to advance through Belgium, south of the Meuse and the Sambre rivers. French intelligence had obtained a 1905 map exercise of the German general staff, in which German troops had gone no further north than Namur and assumed that plans to besiege Belgian forts were a defensive measure against the Belgian army. A German attack from south-eastern Belgium towards Mézières and a possible offensive from Lorraine towards Verdun, Nancy and St. Dié was anticipated; the plan was a development of Plan XVI and made more provision for the possibility of a German offensive through Belgium. The First, Second and Third armies were to concentrate between Épinal and Verdun opposite Alsace and Lorraine, the Fifth Army was to assemble from Montmédy to Sedan and Mézières and the Fourth Army was to be held back west of Verdun, ready to move east to attack the southern flank of a German invasion through Belgium or south against the northern flank of an attack through Lorraine. No formal provision was made for combined operations with the British Expeditionary Force (BEF) but joint arrangements had been made and during the Second Moroccan Crisis in 1911, the French had been told that six divisions could be expected to operate around Maubeuge.

タイトルや歌詞に「月、日、星」のいずれかに関する言葉が入った曲でお好きなものがあれば教えてください。 （新旧、洋邦、ジャンル、一切問いません） 因みに私はこんな感じの曲が好きです。 Booker Little 4 & Max Roach - 1958 - 06 Moonlight Becomes You https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DXxEptKOqRI bob marley - sun is shining https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QQQpkll5aoA Jimi Hendrix The Star Spangled Banner https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TKAwPA14Ni4

７月中に放送された「世界の村で発見!こんなところに日本人」で、次週予告の中でせいじが「やめたやめた！あいつget away言いやがったで！」とスーツケースを放り投げてご立腹だったのですが、それから毎週番組見ていてもそのシーンが出てきません。 もう放送されたんですかね？

名画の舞台なんてそれこそ無数にありますが、その昔 「 網走番外地 」 という映画が有りまして御存知高倉健の代表作、その残り香を嗅ぎたくて北海道に飛んだ事があります。 ところが高峰秀子さん主演 「 二十四の瞳 」 の舞台 小豆島、 「 幸福の黄色いハンカチ 」 の夕張 そして 八甲田山 なんてところにいまだ行けてない。 一方海外に目を転じると例えば香港、 「 慕情 」の舞台となりジェニファー・ジョーンズとウィリアム・ホールデンが逢瀬を重ねたヴィクトリア・ピーク、或いは 「 燃えよドラゴン 」 世代だと アバディーン 辺りかも知れませんが・・。 台湾だとどうだろ、若き日のトニー・レオンが出演した 「 悲情城市 」 は、作品的には今一の印象でしたが、その舞台 九份は 「 千と千尋の神隠 」 との相乗効果で今や台湾を代表する観光スポットの一つでもあります。 さて個人的に思い出深いのが、バンコクからバスとソンテウを乗継ぎわざわざ３時間近く掛けて出向いた 「 戦場に掛ける橋 」 タイのカンチャナブリ、 同じく「 エマニエル夫人 」 ワット・サイ水上マーケット辺りでしょうか。 これが欧米ですと２９年ほど前に訪れた NY エンパイア・ステート・ビル、２ドルで買ったキーホルダーをいまだに使ってたりしますが、後年その屋上で 「 めぐり逢えたら 」 のトム・ハンクスとメグ・ライアンが出会う事となります。 正直海外での強行軍はもうしんどいのですが、ただ一つ心残りなのが、 「 ゴッド・ファーザー 」 ドン・コルレオーネのルーツであるシシリー島がまだ未踏である事。 それにしても何年か前最後のイタリア旅行の際、その限られた滞在時間でローマを拠点にフィレンツェ・ピサを含むトスカーナに行こうと主張する嫁さんと、絶対にシシリー島に行きたい私で揉めまして最終的に私が折れた、考えたらそっちも 「 トスカーナの休日 」 というダイアン・レイン主演の舞台でありました、面白くはありませんでしたが・・。 さて国内外を問わず皆様が行ってみたい名画の舞台、或いは既に訪れて印象深かった場所があれば、その感慨と共にお教え下さい。

中絶禁止な国おしえてください

北アフリカ出身のアメリカ人は人種でいえば何に属すのでしょうか？コーカシアンになるのでしょうか？肌の色が違うだけで顔立ちは白人のような顔をしています。北アフリカ出身の人は北米では黒人とは呼ばれないのでしょう？

アラビア語圏で行けるツアーはどこの国があるでしょうか?

The Battle of the Hills (French: Bataille des Monts) also known as the Battle of the Hills of Champagne and the Third Battle of Champagne, was a battle of the First World War that was fought from April–May 1917. The offensive was intended to be an auxiliary to that of the Groupe d'armées du Nord (GAN) along the Chemin des Dames, in the Second Battle of the Aisne. General Anthoine, commander of the Fourth Army had originally planned a supporting attack but this was rejected by Nivelle, who required a more ambitious effort. Anthoine replaced his draft plan, with a proposal for a frontal attack by two corps on an 11-kilometre (6.8 mi) front, intended to break through the German defences on the first day and commence exploitation the following day. The battle took place east of Reims, between Prunay and Aubérive, in the province of Champagne, along the Moronvilliers Hills. On the left of XII Corps east of the Suippes, the 24th Division established a flank guard, by attacking through Bois des Abattis towards Germains and Baden-Baden trenches. On the left flank of the division, the part of Aubérive east of the river was rapidly captured. On the west bank of the Suippes, battalions of the 75th Territorial Regiment attached to the Moroccan Division, made appreciable progress round the main part of Aubérive.

The Moroccan Division was repulsed on its extreme right but the Régiment de marche de la Légion étrangère (RMLE) gained a foothold in the fortifications at Le Golfe. To the north-east of Mont Haut, the advance reached a depth of 1.5 miles (2.4 km) and next day the advance was pressed beyond Mont Haut. Further west, the 34th Division took Mont Cornillet and Mont Blond and the 16th Division was repulsed at Bois de la Grille. The French spent 18 April consolidating but the 45th Division pushed up to the southern edge of Mont Haut. The "Monts" were held against a German counter-attack on 19 April, between Nauroy and Moronvilliers, by the 5th Division and 6th Division as Eingreif divisions, supported by the 23rd Division plus one regiment. Next day, the 33rd Division captured Le Téton and the capture of Aubérive was completed by the 24th Division and the Territorial battalions. On 20 April, French troops got onto the summit of Le Casque and on 22 April, the eastern and lower summit of Mont Haut was secured by the 45th Division. The Fourth Army attacks took 3,550 prisoners and 27 guns. German counter-attacks on 27 May had temporary success, before French counter-attacks recaptured ground around Mont Haut; lack of troops had forced the Germans into piecemeal attacks, instead of a simultaneous attack all along the front.

マグレブ人の友人がいるのですが、現地で大学に通い、フランスの法律を勉強しています。また、アルバイトもしているようです。彼は、政治的腐敗や学費の不正搾取などに嫌気がさして、最近、ヨーロッパや日本及びその他の国への移民をしたいと言い出しました。結構、大都市に住んでいるようですが、私の他に、相談できる人がいないと訴えてきます。連絡方法はフェイスブックのメッセージを使って英語と、時々フランス語でしています。彼は、現地語、アラビア語、英語とフランス語が出来るようです。大学卒業までには、まだ、結構かかると言っています。難民認定は、難しいようです。このトランプ政権発足後、移民の状況は他の国でも、不安定になっていると感じています。私は、ネット上で、移民に関して調べ始めましたが、限りがあるように思っています。お聞きしたいのは、私に出来る事と出来ない事、何から始めたらよいのかという事。もし参考になるサイトがあれば、御教示頂きたい事、移民の実務に詳しい方やお話を聞かせて下さる方々とどうにか、連絡をとることができないかと、いうことです。東京のイスラムコミュニティの方々に、連絡を取ってみる予定ではいます。私、個人だけでは、どうしたらよいか、わからないので、どうにか、お助け頂ければ幸いに存じます。もし、経済的な負担が、必要になってくるようであれば、彼と相談する事になっています。

海外に行って日本食を食べるのはナンセンスでしょうか?それとも、海外に行った時こそ日本食でしょうか?皆さん、どう思われます?ここでは、和食も含めての日本食としましょう。