人々の心の状態が経済成長に影響を与える理由とは？

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  • 経済成長は福祉支出や労働市場規制などの従来の要素よりも、人々の心の状態により依存しているという専門家の意見が増えています。
  • 人々の心の状態は、ビジネスや仕事、リスクを取る態度などを広く含んでいます。
  • つまり、政府の政策よりも人々の心の状態の方がさらに重要な役割を果たしています。
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日本語訳を教えて下さい。

この英文の訳を教えてください。 A growing number of experts argue that economic growth may be more dependent on a state of mind rather than on the traditional factors,such as welfare spending and labor market regulation. While"state of mind"is an admittedly vague concept, it broadly includes attitudes of people towards business, work, and risk-taking. In other words, people's mentality plays probably an even more important role than the government policy. Edmund Phelps, a renowned American economist, discovered in 2006 that these attitude - as measured by international surveys - are much more powerful in explaining the differences in countries' actual economic performance than the date economists had looked at previously. Ｔhe implications of these findings are significant. If the population attaches little importance to entrepreneurshipb , the majority will be reluctant to start their own companies or engage in the innovative, yet risky business activities. So, the governments are taking notice and trying to implement a range of policy options to address this situation. Mark Fuller, who advises governments on economic policy, claims that one of the most effective ways to boost innovation and encourage people to take risks is to use education to improve the cultural value of going into business. The government of Denmark, for example, has ordered a revision of the curricula for primary and secondary school to focus more on creativity and entrepreneurship. Denmark also took steps to reform its bankruptcy law to lessen the shame associated with business failure. In France, critics have long complained that the current education system trains the young to be suspicious of business. The French Education Ministry has requested areview of textbooks, seeking to improve economic knowledge and attitudes towards business. It is too early to say whether this theory will affect the way we conduct business transactions in the future - published research on the subject is still quiete limited. What is certain, though , is that a nation's economic performance cannot be considered in isolation from the attitudes and preferences common among its citizens. Encouraging people to work hard is not simply a matter of dollars and cents- it is a much more complex process involving cultural norms, social rules, and educational values.

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回答No.2

経済成長は社会福祉への支出や労働市場の規制などの伝統的要因よりも心の状態に依存しているようであるとの議論が専門家のあいだで増えつつある。 「心の状態」というのは確かに曖昧な概念ではあるが、これは人々のビジネスや労働やリスク対応に対する意識などを広く含んでいるものである。 言い換えれば、人々の精神性は政府の政策よりも重要な役割を果たしているということである。 アメリカの経済学者エドムンド・フィリップスが２００６年に全世界的に行った調査によると、世界各国での実際の経済面の実績は、経済学者が予測したデータよりも、この態度のほうがより強く説明できていたのである。 この発見が示唆するものは明白である。人々が起業家精神にさほど関心を示さない場合、大多数は会社を興したりイノベーションに注力したりリスクの大きいビジネスに取り組む気分にもならないからである。 その結果政府・行政はそうした状況に対応するべく多くの政策を施すことになるのである。 政府に対して経済政策をアドバイスする立場にあるマーク・フラーは、リスクを取ってでもイノベーションを推進するよう国民を鼓舞するには、ビジネスに対する文化的価値を推進するための教育を強化するべきであると主張している。 一例を挙げると、デンマーク政府は、小中学校のカリキュラムを創造性や起業家精神の育成により焦点を置くように改正する指示を出した例などがある。 デンマークはさらに、ビジネスが失敗することはさほど恥ずかしいことではないと意識できるように破産法を改正もしている。 フランスでは、現在の教育制度は学生に対してビジネスに対してあまりに懐疑的な意識を植え付けすぎであるとの批判がある。 フランスでは、ビジネスに対する意識を改善するべく教科書の見直しを教育省が要求している。 こうした主題について発表されている研究結果はまだ限定的であるため、こうした理論が将来的にビジネスの流れに影響があるかどうかを語るのはいまだ性急であるが、確かに言えるのは、国家の経済活動は国民のなかにある意識や嗜好とは切り離して考えることはできないという事である。 人々を労働に向かわせるのは単なるキャッシュの問題ではない。そこには人々の文化の特徴、社会のルール、教育観などを含んだ、非常に複雑なプロセスを含んでいるのである。

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  • oignies
  • ベストアンサー率20% (673/3354)
回答No.1

丸投げするのでしたら、翻訳会社さんにどうぞ。安価でうけおってくれますよ。

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