The Psychological Causes of Unhappiness: A Common Thread
- The psychological causes of unhappiness, it is clear, are many and various. But all have something in common. The typical unhappy man is one who, having been deprived in youth of some normal satisfaction, has come to value this one kind of satisfaction more than any other, and has therefore given to his life a one-sided direction, together with a quite undue emphasis upon the achievement as opposed to the activities connected with it.
- The typical unhappy man is someone who, in their youth, had a normal satisfaction taken away from them, leading them to prioritize that specific satisfaction over everything else. As a result, their life becomes one-sided, focusing excessively on achieving that satisfaction rather than the activities associated with it.
- The psychological causes of unhappiness are diverse, yet they share a common thread. An unhappy individual, typically deprived of a certain type of satisfaction in their youth, places a disproportionate value on that particular satisfaction. Consequently, their life becomes unbalanced, with an excessive emphasis on achievement rather than the associated activities.
- ベストアンサー
訳が難しいです。
バートランド・ラッセルの「The Conquest of Happiness」からの英文です。 【】がうまく訳せません。 どのように訳したらよいでしょうか？ The psychological causes of unhappiness, it is clear, are many and various. But all have something in common. 【 The typical unhappy man is one who, having been deprived in youth of some normal satisfaction, has come to value this one kind of satisfaction more than any other, and has therefore given to his life a one-sided direction, together with a quite undue emphasis upon the achievement as opposed to the activities connected with it. 】 典型的な不幸な人というのは、若いころに何か正常な満足を奪われていて、 この一つの種類の満足をその他の何かよりも、もっと高く評価するようになって、 そしてそれゆえに それに関係付けられた活動に相対するような達成に関して かなりの不当な強調をもって 彼の人生に一方だけの方向を与えた、という人である。 後半の訳がまとまりませんでした。 最後の"it"は「this one kind of satisfaction 」ですか？
- red_hood_girl
- お礼率100% (134/134)
- 英語
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質問者が選んだベストアンサー
訳をしておきます。 典型的な不幸な人とは，若い頃，ある基準となるような満足を奪われ，今手にしている種類の満足 を他のいかなる満足より高く評価するようになり， そのために，自らの人生に，偏った方向付けとともに， （その達成に）関連した諸々の活動に比べて達成したこと（そのもの）に過度の強調を 与えた人のことである。 give A to B において，A が， direction, together with emphasis と２つあって長くなっているので後に回っています。 A も B も人でなく「もの」的なので SVOO の形は使えません。 X, together with Y で「Y に加えて X」と前置詞的に戻ってくるのですが， X も Y も同等なので，前から「X とともに Y」としても変わりません。 direction も emphasis も give の目的語であることをおさえることです。 as opposed to ～の部分は「～と対照的に」であり， 前の achievement にかかる感じでもいいのですが， 達成までの過程は軽視し，結果的に達成したことを強調する， という流れになります。 日本語としては不自然ですが，そのまま「方向付けと強調を与える」としておきました。
その他の回答 (6)
- wind-sky-wind
- ベストアンサー率63% (6647/10387)
このように考えてみると， having been deprived in youth of some normal satisfaction という部分に縮約されていて， normal satisfaction を「正常な満足」とするとピンとこないかもしれません。 「基準となる満足」とか，「人並みの満足」とか，具体性のある感覚です。 すると，some normal satisfaction ＝ this one kind of satisfaction であり， それを求めることが生涯の (one-sided) direction であり， その達成が the achievement であり，それが it ですので， 結局は it と this one kind of satisfaction は同じものと言えなくもありません。 しかし，it が直接受けるものは the achievement であり， そういう満足を達成することです。
お礼
itに関するより詳しい解説ありがとうございました。 勉強になりました。
- wind-sky-wind
- ベストアンサー率63% (6647/10387)
some normal satisfaction を「ある基準となる満足」 this one kind of satisfaction を「今ある一つの種類の満足」 としたのですが，this one kind というのは，その奪われた基準となる満足を this ～「この～」と言っているように思います。 achievement というと，特に複数形で，可算的に「達成したもの，業績」的に とらえてしまうのですが，ここでは，「達成行為」であり， 若いころに失ってしまったある基準となる満足の達成を生涯の direction「方向付け」 としている。 達成までの経過は度外視して，とにかく，そういう若いころに失った満足を達成することを 目的として生きている人が不幸だ，ということでしょうか。 もっと前後を読まないといけないかもしれません。 ラッセルの文章は論理的で文法的には読みやすいのですが， その言わんとすることをつかむのは難しいと思います。
お礼
回答ありがとうございました。 解説の通り、this one kind というのは、 その奪われた基準となる満足のことを 言っていると思います。 achievementもそういう風に捉えていく、というのが わかりました。
- wind-sky-wind
- ベストアンサー率63% (6647/10387)
this one kind ～でもちろんつながっています。 この一つの種類の満足。 今時分が手にしている満足のことでしょうか。 value で SVOO や SVOC があるわけじゃなく （value A as B なら SVOC っぽいですが） value this / one kind と切れることなどありません。 it ＝ the achievement です。 今実際に達成して手にしているものだけをやけに強調して， それを手にするまでの努力とか経過というものを軽視する。 この「それ」ってもちろん，達成のことです。
お礼
回答ありがとうございました。 それ（を手にするまで）＝達成＝the achievementだとわかりました。
- d-y
- ベストアンサー率46% (1528/3312)
典型的な不幸な人というのは、若いころに何らかの正常な満足感を奪われていたために、ある一つの種類の満足感をその他の何よりも高く評価するようになり、そのため自分の人生に偏った指針を適用してしまっている、更には、物事を達成することを過度に重視し、物事を達成するまでの活動には目を向けないような、そういう人のことだ。 最後のitはachievement achievement ＝ 何かを達成し、結果を出すこと activities connected with it ＝ それにつながる活動 ＝結果を出すための過程
お礼
回答ありがとうございました。 訳とitの説明、とてもよくわかりました。
- princelilac
- ベストアンサー率24% (1607/6586)
The typical unhappy man is one who, 典型的な不幸な人というのは、 having been deprived in youth of some normal satisfaction, 若い時に正常な満足感を奪われたため has come to value this one kind of satisfaction このことを一種の満足感として評価するようになった more than any other, 他の何よりも and has therefore given to his life a one-sided direction, そのため、自分の人生を一方的な方向へと進めて行った together with a quite undue emphasis upon the achievement 達成に対して非常に過度な強調を伴って as opposed to the activities connected with it. それに関連する行為とは対照的に。 value THIS, connected with IT は normal satisfaction を指しています。 「普通の人が当たり前に満足していることに対して、異常なまでの執着があり、それをことさらに強調するのだが、達成するために、『さしたる行動を取るわけではない』。」という意味だと思います。『 』の部分は、明記されていません。最後の行で暗示的に書かれているだけです。
お礼
回答ありがとうございました。 内容の考察、参考になりました。
- marbleshit
- ベストアンサー率49% (5033/10253)
【 The typical unhappy man is one who, having been deprived in youth of some normal satisfaction, has come to value this one kind of satisfaction more than any other, and has therefore given to his life a one-sided direction, together with a quite undue emphasis upon the achievement as opposed to the activities connected with it. 】 よく見られる不幸な人間と言うのは、若い頃に正常な満足感を奪われ、このただ一種類の満足だけに価値を見出すようになる。その結果人生を一方通行にしてしまい、これに伴って実際の行動とは正反対に、その満足感の達成を異常なほど誇張するようになる。 ＞最後の"it"は「this one kind of satisfaction 」ですか？ はい。これはパラノイアの説明文ですね。
お礼
回答ありがとうございました。 パラノイア＝偏執病ですね。
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お礼
回答ありがとうございました。 訳と文法的な解説でこの英文の読み方がよくわかりました。