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よい訳を教えてください。
以下の文章の訳を教えてください。and以下がよくわかりませんでした。 The "closed country" (sakoku) of the Tokugawa Period was anything but static, and the ferment and excitement that were evident in so much of that period were never more obvious than in the early eighteenth century when Baigan lived. よろしくお願いします！
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NO4です。貴兄のいう通りです。「～とは程遠い」と訳しておれば文章は成り立つ。 徳川時代の鎖国は静寂とは程遠いものであった。そして江戸時代の多くのものに見られた不安、動揺、興奮が、梅岩が生きた十八世紀初頭ほど顕著だったことはありません。 と繋がるべきでした。 失礼をしました。
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＃１です。補足です。 ＞＞「静止という状態以外のなにものでもありませんでした」は、「静止であった」の強調だと思われ、少々混乱しております。 混乱なさることはありません。抄訳は間違いです。
お礼
ありがとうございます。お礼が遅れてしまってすみません。
- oignies
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補足 anything but staticの部分は、なにであったにせよ、static意外のなにか、というのが直訳ですので、抄訳がまちがっているかとおもいます。 このstaticは静的と訳すか、平穏と訳すか微妙ですがそのあたりかとおもいます。興奮なのか熱狂なのかその辺の内容につしてはもっと前後関係だとか、石田梅岩だとかについてしらべてから確定したほうがよいとおもいます。
お礼
ありがとうございます。お礼が大変遅れてしまって申し訳ありません。
このstaticの捉え方と思う。 一般的に静寂・静止状態のような意味が知られているが、非難・批判という意味があるよです。 文章の後にもagainst what it thought were overly critical thinkers と言っているようにこの批判として使っているようです。 excitementもfermentの同意語として使っているために、普通の興奮ではなくどちらかと言えば混乱・動乱に近い言葉となる。 徳川時代の鎖国は非難の対象以外何者でもない、梅岩（1744年没）が活躍をした１８世紀初頭の50年間を除いた残りの時代｛1639-1854年（江戸幕府が日本人の海外交通を禁止し、外交・貿易を制限した年から徳川家康が日米和親条約締結までをいう）｝は、（鎖国によって生じた）混乱・動揺は決して明らかにされなかった。 と言う事だと思う。
お礼
ありがとうございます！ staticにそのような意味があるとは知りませんでした。勉強になりました。 ただ、No1.さんのお礼欄を見ていただけるとありがたいのですが、主催者による抄訳によると（これが正しいとするなら）、ここのstaticは静寂・静止状態のほうの意味のようです。
- oignies
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徳川時代の鎖国は、静態的とはほどとおく、この時代のほとんどについてあきらかな熱狂は、梅岩のいきた１８世紀にとりわけ顕著であった。 というようなことではないでしょうか。徳川時代は、戦争などはほとんどなかったので、ferment and excitementの意味は動乱というような意味ではないようなきがします。時代が熱気をおびていたかどうかという話ではないでしょうか。
お礼
とてもわかりやすい訳をありがとうございます！ No.1さんのお礼欄にも書いたのですが、主催者の抄訳らしいものが見つかり、そこに「不安、動揺、興奮」とありました。それが正しいとするなら、fermentは動乱でないにしろ、negativeな感情ではあるみたいです。
- marbleshit
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徳川幕府時代の『鎖国』とは、とても平穏無事どころではなく、 政治的な動乱・紛争が顕著であり、徳川時代を通じてこれほどまでに その気運が高じたのは、（石田）梅岩の生きた18世紀初頭以来のことであった。
お礼
ありがとうございます！ No.1さんのお礼欄に書いたコメントを見ていただけるとありがたいのですが、どう思われますか？
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徳川時代の「閉じられた国」（鎖国）は、静的どころか、バイガンが生きていた初期の１８世紀ほど、この時代を特徴づける、（静かに見える表面下で）醸し出される興奮が鮮明に認められる時代はなかった。
お礼
ありがとうございます！ 「静的どころか」ということは、anything but staticは、「静的ではなかった」ということですよね？ 自分でも「static（変化のない静かな時代）ではなかった」と理解していたのですが、質問文投稿後、自分なりにいろいろ検索しておりましたところ、この講演の主催者による抄訳と思われる日本語を発見し、そこに「徳川時代の鎖国は、要するに静止という状態以外のなにものでもありませんでした。そして江戸時代の多くのものに見られた不安、動揺、興奮が、梅岩が生きた十八世紀初頭ほど顕著だったことはありません。」とありました。 http://nippon.zaidan.info/seikabutsu/2000/00198/contents/033.htm 「静止という状態以外のなにものでもありませんでした」は、「静止であった」の強調だと思われ、少々混乱しております。
関連するQ&A
- 至急：短い文章の和訳お願いします！！
簡単な文章かとは思うのですが、上手い日本語に訳せません；； A time when women were particularly gorgeously dressed was the 18th century,and this period is strongly reflected in many of the clothes Vivienne has made.
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It is even more true in the sense that the domains became even more closely integrated in the overall administrative structure as time went on, and at the same time were able to consolidate their (albeit subordinate) position relative to the bakufu. Therefore, to talk of the ‘’Tokugawa system’’ or the ‘’Tokugawa bakufu’’ is useful when discussing the administrative structure and developments of the seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries, but after that these terms reflect progressively less of the actual state of affairs and, in particular, the distribution of power. 和訳 さらに時が経つにつれて、藩が全体的な行政機構の中に組み込まれていき、同時に幕府に対する相対的な地位を固めることが出来たという事実である。よって、１７世紀から１８世紀初めまでの行政機構およびその発展について議論する場合、「徳川体制」や「徳川幕府」を語ることは有用ではあるが、次第に状況、特に権力の分布という表現を使うものではなくなっていく。
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日本語に訳して下さい。お願い致します。(>_<) Christianity added the further idea that this universe had been created perhaps 6,000 years ago by God, in the course of five days. In sixteenth ── and seventeenth ── century Europe, the Ptolemaic story began to break down. Copernicus gave some powerful reasons for thinking that the earth revolved around the Sun, and the heretical monk Giordano Bruno argued that stars were suns and that the universe was probably infinite in extent. In the seventeenth century, scientists such as Newton and Galileo explored many of the implications of these ideas, while retaining as much as they could of the biblical creation story.
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日本語訳を教えてください(>_<)お願いします。 During the eighteenth century, the Ptolemaic view of the universe finally collapsed. In its place, there emerged a new picture of a universe operating according to strict, rational, and impersonal laws that could, in principle, be discovered by science. God may have created it, perhaps in time; perhaps, in some sense, out of time. But then he left it to run almost entirely according to its own logic and rules. Newton assumed that both time and space were absolutes, providing the ultimate frames of reference for the universe. It was widely accepted that both might be infinite, and thus the universe had neither a definable edge nor a time of origin. In this way, God was moved further and further away from the story of origins.
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Under the papacies of Calixtus II, Honorius II, Eugenius III and Innocent II smaller scale crusading continued around the Crusader States in the early 12th century. There were campaigns by Fulk V of Anjou between 1120 and 1129, the Venetians in 1122–24, Conrad III of Germany in 1124 and the Knights Templar were established. The period saw the innovation of granting indulgences to those who opposed papal enemies that marked the beginning of politically motivated crusades. The loss of Aleppo in 1128 and Edessa (Urfa) in 1144 to Imad ad-Din Zengi, governor of Mosul led to preaching for what subsequently became known as the Second Crusade. King Louis VII and Conrad III led armies from France and Germany to Jerusalem and also Damascus without winning any major victories. Bernard of Clairvaux, who had encouraged the Second Crusade in his preaching, was upset with the violence and slaughter directed towards the Jewish population of the Rhineland.
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お願いします!!続き Althongh they were made by hand and not machine,the fired bricks used used for building in the cities came in just one size and shape:a rectangle about 11 inches long and 5 1/2 inches wide(28 cm by 14 cm).These fired bricks were so strong that some of them have been recycled and are being reused in modern buildings.Bricks weren't the only things that were the same size－walls and doorways throughout the Indus Valkey are about the same size and design.Even wells were lined with the same styles of wedge-shaped bricks.And every city had a drainage system for carrying away rainwater and sewage from toilets and bathing areas. Who decided to make one-size-fits-all bricks?Who said that street had to run north/south and east/west?Today' cities are full of differences－the size,style,orientation,and building materials of any ten buildings are almost never the same.So why were the ancient Indus cities so similar? Maybe because one person－or one small group of people－was making all the decisions.Maybe a strong gouernment or strong religious leaders told everyone what to do.But there is no sign of large palaces or temples－the buildings of powerful governments and religious leaders.Perhaps the people of the Indus Vally had religious or historical beliefs that taught them that they should build everything in the same way.No one knows for sure. The cities of the Indus Valley were very well organized.They were divided into walled neighborhoods,with each neighborhood specializing in one kind of work.Potters lived in one area,and coppersmiths lived in another.People probably lived with their extended families－children,parents,cousins,aunts and uncles,and grandparents－all doing the same kind of work.
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The original Allied estimate of casualties on the Somme, made at the Chantilly Conference on 15 November 1916, was 485,000 British and French casualties and 630,000 German. A German officer wrote, Somme. The whole history of the world cannot contain a more ghastly word. — Friedrich Steinbrecher In 1931, Wendt published a comparison of German and British-French casualties which showed an average of 30 percent more Allied casualties to German losses on the Somme. In the first 1916 volume of the British Official History (1932), J. E. Edmonds wrote that comparisons of casualties were inexact, because of different methods of calculation by the belligerents but that British casualties were 419,654, from total British casualties in France in the period of 498,054, French Somme casualties were 194,451 and German casualties were c. 445,322, to which should be added 27 percent for woundings, which would have been counted as casualties using British criteria; Anglo-French casualties on the Somme were over 600,000 and German casualties were under 600,000.
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至急こちらをお願いします。続き Does that mean that there were no women potters in later times? Probably not.In many regions of South Asia,even though men may throw pottery using the wheel,the women and young girls do most of the clay preparation and fime decoration work. Not every community lived near riverbed clay deposits,of course,so not every village had its own potter.But they may have had some other precious resource.Young people who lived near the sea,for example,became skilled divers and shell workers.Shell was used to make small tools and ornaments,especially bangles. People who lived in the Baluchistan Mountains to the west or the Aravalli hills to the east of Indus Valley learned how to work the copper in their soil.At first they collected bits of copper that were already in metal form and pounded them into beads or small pins and knives.They also developed techniques for getting copper from copper ore.Metal workers used wood charcoal to make very hot fires that could melt the metal out of the rock.To make the charcoal,people had to cut down forests.Over thousands of years,the copper-producing areas became deforested. Like shell bangles,stone beads were very common in South Asia,where they were symbols of wealth and power.The earliest bead makers drilled stone beads of soft limestone and soapstone in the highlands of Baluchistan and the deserts of Rajasthan.There were also deposits of chert,a hard stone that is easy to split into sharp-edged tonls,and jasper,a kind of quartz,suitable for making drill bits.Later bead makers shaped and drilled other types of stones,such as green serpentine from Baluchistan and blue lapis lazuli from Afghanistan.
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Tokugawa rulers certainly did not break any new ground in the way they achieved power. Nor were they unusual in the steps they took to shift the source of power from the battlefield to the palace, the castle, and the council chamber, and in general to convert a position of mere might into one more decently clothed in ideas of right. But while there may have been plenty of precedents for these policies of stabilization and legitimization, what was extraordinary was the resounding success with which the Tokugawa pursued them. The Tokugawa bakufu or government set up its headquarters in Edo on the Kanto plain, in time creating a metropolis out of what had been a fishing village surrounded by marshland. It lasted for over two hindered and fifty years, until 1868. For most of this long period, Japan lived at peace both with the outside world and within her own frontiers. 日本語訳 徳川家も決してその例に漏れることはなく、彼らは己の権力を戦場から次第に宮殿や城、朝廷に及ぼしていき、武力を正義という大義名分へと置き換えた。しかし、これらの安定化・法制化政策の前例はたくさん存在したかもしれないが、特筆すべきは徳川政権がこれらの政策を遂行した際に目覚ましい成功を収めたことだった。徳川幕府、即ち政府は本拠を関東平野の江戸に置き、やがて湿地帯に囲まれた漁村であった場所から首都を創りだした。その体制は1868年まで250年以上にも渡って続いたのである。その長い期間のほとんどにおいて、日本は諸外国に対しても自らの未開の地に対しても平和的な関係にあった。
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以下の英文について、日本語訳する際に、下記の点を迷っています。 (1)1文目のsince以下は理由ととる方が自然な気がしますが、主節より後に来ているので時を表しているのでしょうか。 (2)2文目のthatは代名詞のthatとして、"what was read was worthless"を指している、ということでよいでしょうか。 In the past, the period between dinner and bed was great time for reading, since there were no such things as radio or television. Generally what read was worthless, but in spite of that it helped to breed the reading habit.
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お礼
こちらこそお礼が遅くなってしまって大変失礼しました。ありがとうございました。