Somme Battle: A Ghastly Word in World History

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  • The battle of the Somme during World War I resulted in a devastating number of casualties.
  • The original estimate was 485,000 British and French casualties and 630,000 German casualties.
  • A comparison showed that Allied casualties were on average 30 percent higher than German losses.
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日本語訳をお願いいたします。

The original Allied estimate of casualties on the Somme, made at the Chantilly Conference on 15 November 1916, was 485,000 British and French casualties and 630,000 German. A German officer wrote, Somme. The whole history of the world cannot contain a more ghastly word. — Friedrich Steinbrecher In 1931, Wendt published a comparison of German and British-French casualties which showed an average of 30 percent more Allied casualties to German losses on the Somme. In the first 1916 volume of the British Official History (1932), J. E. Edmonds wrote that comparisons of casualties were inexact, because of different methods of calculation by the belligerents but that British casualties were 419,654, from total British casualties in France in the period of 498,054, French Somme casualties were 194,451 and German casualties were c. 445,322, to which should be added 27 percent for woundings, which would have been counted as casualties using British criteria; Anglo-French casualties on the Somme were over 600,000 and German casualties were under 600,000.

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＞The original Allied estimate of casualties on the Somme, made at the Chantilly Conference on 15 November 1916, was 485,000 British and French casualties and 630,000 German. A German officer wrote, Somme. The whole history of the world cannot contain a more ghastly word. — Friedrich Steinbrecher ⇒1916年11月15日に、最初期からの連合国がシャンティイ会議で、ソンムの犠牲者を英国人とフランス人で485,000人、ドイツ人で630,000人と推定した。あるドイツ軍の将校が書いた、ソンム（戦）。世界の歴史が全部（集まっても）、これよりよりひどい語を含むことはできない。 — フリードリヒ・スタインブレカー ＞In 1931, Wendt published a comparison of German and British-French casualties which showed an average of 30 percent more Allied casualties to German losses on the Somme. ⇒1931年に、ヴェントは、ソンム戦におけるドイツ軍と英仏軍の犠牲者の比較を発表したが、それによれば連合国の平均犠牲者はドイツ軍の損失より30％多いことが示された。 ＞In the first 1916 volume of the British Official History (1932), J. E. Edmonds wrote that comparisons of casualties were inexact, because of different methods of calculation by the belligerents but that British casualties were 419,654, from total British casualties in France in the period of 498,054, French Somme casualties were 194,451 and German casualties were c. 445,322, to which should be added 27 percent for woundings, which would have been counted as casualties using British criteria; Anglo-French casualties on the Somme were over 600,000 and German casualties were under 600,000. ⇒「英国公報の歴史編（1932年）」の1916年初頭巻に、J. E.エドモンズは犠牲者の比較が不正確であると書いたが、それは交戦国によって計算方法が異なるからである。英国の犠牲者は419,654人で、その英国の全犠牲者に対応する時期のフランスでは498,054人であった。フランスのソンム犠牲者は194,451人で、ドイツの犠牲者は約445,322人であったが、英国の基準を使って数えると、それに負傷者として27％が加えられなければならない。（概数で）ソンムでの英仏犠牲者は600,000人以上で、そして、ドイツの犠牲者は600,000人未満であった。

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  • 日本語訳をお願いします。

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    Sheffield wrote that the losses were "appalling", with 419,000 British casualties, c. 204,000 French and perhaps 600,000 German casualties. In a commentary on the debate about Somme casualties, Philpott used Miles's figures of 419,654 British casualties and the French official figures of 154,446 Sixth Army losses and 48,131 Tenth Army casualties. German losses were described as "disputed", ranging from 400,000–680,000. Churchill's claims were a "snapshot" of July 1916 and not representative of the rest of the battle. Philpott called the "blood test" a crude measure compared to manpower reserves, industrial capacity, farm productivity and financial resources and that intangible factors were more influential on the course of the war.

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