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This study emphasized hemiplegia patients’ lower extremity function on the paretic side during the stance phase in their rehabilitation exercise and conducted a one-leg standing weight-bearing balance exercise 本研究は片麻痺患者の低い上肢機能麻痺側立脚相のリハビリテーション運動中に強調し、片足立ち荷重バランス演習を実施しました。 こんな感じの翻訳であってるでしょうか…
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本研究は、片麻痺患者のリハビリテーション運動で、立脚相における麻痺側の下肢機能の重要性を強調し、片足立ち荷重バランス練習を行った。 とも
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In the gait cycle, lack of coordination in muscle activities between the hip and the knee during weight loading on the lower extremity in the stance phase results in reduced vertical ground reaction force in hemiplegia patients with lower extremity dysfunction on the affected side． 歩行周期では、低い下肢不全麻痺側片麻痺患者における削減垂直床反力の体重の上下肢立脚相の読み込み中に筋活動股関節と膝の間の調整の欠如の結果します。 うまく訳せません… お願いします
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In gait, kinesiological asymmetry of the left and right lower extremity joints in the sagittal plane increases knee flexion of the paretic side during the stance phase, resulting in excessive hip flexion during the swing phase. 足取りでは、矢状面の左右の下肢関節の運動学的な非対称はスタンス段階の間、麻痺側のひざ屈曲を増やします。そして、揺れ段階の間、過度の腰屈曲に終わります 翻訳機にかけるとこんなかんじです… 医学論文の一部なのですが、お願いします。
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Effects of Standing on One Leg Exercise on Gait and Balance of Hemiplegia Patients という論文を印刷したいのですが、保護されているようで印刷出来ません。 何かいい方法は無いでしょうか。 https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jpts/24/7/24_571/_pdf
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This suggests that in patients with hemiplegia after stroke, muscle activities of the hip and the knee, maintained at appropriate angles, are necessary for weight loading on the lower extremities in order to enhance their gait and balance これは、脳卒中の後の半身不随患者において、腰とひざ（適切な角度に維持される）の筋肉活動が彼らの足取りとバランスを強化するために下肢の上で重さ積載のために必要なことを示唆します 翻訳機にかけるとこんなかんじです… 医学論文の一部なのですが、お願いします。
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Protocols for the exercise and control groups Men randomized to the exercise group entered a progressive resistance lower extremity weight training and aerobic conditioning program at the ZVAMC Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation Center . Weight training was conducted on a multipurpose weight machine (Marcy Gymnasinm Equipment Co . ) and aerobic conditioning was completed on stationary Air Dyne or cycle ergometers (Air Dyne & Ergo Metric Exercisor Models by Schwinn). Weight measurements were determined with a 23-kg load cell (Sensotec 31/143) and appropriate instrumentation (Sensotec HH). Exercise sessions were conducted 3 days a week for 12 wk totaling 36 sessions. Each session lasted between 45 and 75 min depending on the number of participants. All missed sessions were made up at a later date unless continuation was not possible because of medical or personal problems. Heart rates were continuously monitored by telemetry (Transkinetics TEM-4100)during the exercise sessions and estimated average heart rates were recorded during aerobic training. Each exercise session included : (1)a warm up of leisurely cycling for 3-5min , (2) aerobic exercise on either the Air Dyne or cycle ergometer, (3) strength training and (4) a warm down of cycling for 3-5 min. The aerobic exercise was performed for a duration of 20 min at a target heart rate of >70% of the exercise stress-tested maximal heart rate. The strength training was performed on the hip flexors, hip extensors, hip abductors, knee extensors and ankle plantar flexors. The hip muscle groups were exercised in succession with a standard weight and pulley system attached by a Velcro strap to the ankle with the subjects in a standing position. Four maneuvers were required for each extremity, totaling eight different hip exercise. To exercise the knee extensors, the subjects were required to lift the training weight from a sitting position with 90°of knee flexion to full knee extension using both knees simultaneously. The ankle plantar flexors were exercise with the subjects standing, holding the training weight with arms and back straight, and rising from the foot flat position to maximum, defined as the most weight a subject could lift through a full range of motion one time, was determined for each of the muscle groups before the first exercise session. At the first session, the weight load was set at 40 to 60% of the one repetition maximum so tha the subjects could complete 10 repetitions. Sequential load adjustments were made in subsequent sessions to maintain a maximal fatigue level after completion of the 10 repetitions. The subjects rotated to three weight stations performing one set of 10 repetitions for each of the hip muscle groups and two sets of 10 repetitions for both the knee extensors and ankle plantar flexors. The order of weight training exercise varied depending on preference and station availability. Subjects assigned to the control group received usual care within the NHCU during the study period. When indicated , this care included maintenance physical therapy. No dietary limitations were imposed on either group. After completion of the study period, a subset of the control subjects in either group. After completion of the study period, a subset of the control subjects crossed over to the exercise group. Subjects in either group requiring hospitalization secondary to a medical illness were dropped from the study. よろしくお願いします
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They were divided randomly and equally into a conventional one leg standing balance exercise group (control group) and a device-using one leg standing balance exercise group (experimental group) 彼らは無作為に従来の片脚立位平衡運動グループ(対照群)と装置を使用する片脚立位平衡運動グループ(実験群)に分割されました。 と訳しては変ですか？ into a conventional one leg standing balance exercise group をどう訳していいかわかりません。
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The intervention was found to be acceptable and safe for the selected were missed because of exercise-in-duced musculoskeletal complaints, nor did any subjects drop out because of dissatisfaction with the program. Medical illness requiring hospitalization did cause two participants to withdraw, illustrating the role of intercurrent illness as a cause of deconditioning and progressive debilitation 34. The conclusion that the intervention was only partially effective is based on the evaluation of five types of outcome variables. Strength, endurance and gait improved significantly, but left the treated patients still considerably below age-matched healthy individuals in these respects. Aerobic work capacity and balance were not improved by the 12wk of exercise. The participants in the exercise program did increase their lower extremity muscle strength. The isotonic strength measurements increased symmetrically, whereas the isokinetic strength measure ments revealed left-side gains to be greater than those on the right. In addition to strength, both right and left lower extremity muscular endurance improved significantly. At the end of the exercise program, however, the average scores for strength and endurance were still only about 65% of age-matched normal values. すみません… お願いします
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The gains in muscle strength, stride length and gait velocity were greater in the left leg than in the right leg. All study participants were right side dominant. The most plausible explanation for the consistently greater nondominant side improvements is that the left lower extremity may have been subject to greater disuse atrophy than the right lower extremity. The finding of asymmetrical left lower extremity strength improvement in conjunction with left stride length and velocity improvement supports the work of Bassey et al 20. Correlating muscle strength to customary gait velocity. The percentage improvements in strength, tinetti mobility score, stride length and stride velocity were only 6,10,5 and 3% of the baseline values, respectively. These changes appeared to be small in relationship to the baseline deficiencies of 62% for strength, 71% for tinetti score, 56% for stride length and60% for gait velocity. Such changes are likely not trivial, however, because increases in gait speed of the magnitude produced by the present exercise program have proven to be predictors of eventual independent mobility in poorly mobile subjects 39. It is also possible that the type of exercise utilized in this particular study, but with greater intensity or longer duration, could magnify the gains. Finally, it needs to be emphasized that the inclusion/exclusion criteria for the study, in addition to the complexity of the protocol, resulted in an extremely small sample size. The small group of subjects may not have been representative of the entire ZVAMC NHCU population. These considerations limit the general izability of the study’s conclusions. 最後です。;; すみませんお願い致します…
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(1)In the experimental group, the exercise consisted of a one-leg standing weight- bearing balance exercise in which ± 5° changes could be made for dynamic changes, while maintaining a hip flexion angle of 5° and a knee flexion angle of 10° during the stance phase． 実験群において、運動は±5°変化がダイナミックな変化のためになされることができた1-足立ちながらのweight-を含んだバランス運動から成りました、その一方で、5°の腰屈曲角度とスタンス段階の間の10°のひざ屈曲角度を維持しました。 うまく訳せません… (2)anti-spasticity drugsとは (3)GAITRite Systemとは (4)When physical therapists treat abnormal gait, hip extension by coordinated movement of the gluteus maximus and the hamstrings and knee extension by coordinated movement of the vasti and the soleus are very important exercises 理学療法士が異常歩行を治療するとき、大臀筋と膝窩筋の調整動きによる腰拡張とvastiとひらめ筋の調整変化によるひざ拡張は非常に重要なエクササイズです。 とありますが、vastiが分かりません。 (1)～(4)分かる方助けて下さい。
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Testing procedures All study participants completed manual muscle and Tinetti mobility testing , isokinetic strength testing of the quadriceps and hamstring muscle groups , exercise stress testing and gait and balance testing bath at the beginning and gait and balance testing bath at the beginning and end of the 12-wk study period. These measurements were made by blinded examiners at baseline and 7 to 10 days after completion of either the exercise or control protocols. Positioning of the subjects for manual muscle testing of the various lower extremity muscle groups and the zero to five muscle strength grading system were based on the positions and grades established by Kendall and MCreary.27 Modifications in muscle testing were made as necessary following the procedures recommended by Daniels and Worthingham.28 Leg length discrepancies and significant joint motion limitations were recorded at this time. Clinical gait and balance were measured with a modified version of Tinetti’s instrument.29 This mobility test involves a series of simple tasks including sitting, standing up from and sitting down in a cair, standing and tandem standing both with eyes open and closed , turning in a circle, turning head from side to side , standing on one leg , reaching and bending to pick up an object, withstanding a nudge on the sternum while standing and walking short distances with or without the aid of an assistive device. Observations of gait were made for gait intiation, step length and height, step symmetry, step continuity and gait path. Each task was scored on a zero to one or zero to two scale . Isokinetic muscle strength testing was performed at 60°per second to obtain concentric isokinetic strength measurements for knee flexion and extension, measurements for knee flexion and extension, utilizing the Cybex II isokinetic dynamometer (Lumex, Inc. Bayshore, NY) and single-channel chart recorder. Adjustments for age were determined by estimating a 1% decline in strength per year after age 40.30 Measurements of endurance were recorded by tabulating the number of repetitions completed at 180°per second before strength declined to <50% of peak torque. Testing procedures All study participants completed manual muscle and Tinetti mobility testing , isokinetic strength testing of the quadriceps and hamstring muscle groups , exercise stress testing and gait and balance testing bath at the beginning and gait and balance testing bath at the beginning and end of the 12-wk study period. These measurements were made by blinded examiners at baseline and 7 to 10 days after completion of either the exercise or control protocols. Positioning of the subjects for manual muscle testing of the various lower extremity muscle groups and the zero to five muscle strength grading system were based on the positions and grades established by Kendall and MCreary.27 Modifications in muscle testing were made as necessary following the procedures recommended by Daniels and Worthingham.28 Leg length discrepancies and significant joint motion limitations were recorded at this time. Clinical gait and balance were measured with a modified version of Tinetti’s instrument.29 This mobility test involves a series of simple tasks including sitting, standing up from and sitting down in a cair, standing and tandem standing both with eyes open and closed , turning in a circle, turning head from side to side , standing on one leg , reaching and bending to pick up an object, withstanding a nudge on the sternum while standing and walking short distances with or without the aid of an assistive device. Observations of gait were made for gait intiation, step length and height, step symmetry, step continuity and gait path. Each task was scored on a zero to one or zero to two scale . よろしくお願いします
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