7-year-old Boy's Seizure: A Journey to Find a Treatment
- Jerrod Hamilton, an active 7-year-old boy, started experiencing seizures shortly before his seventh birthday. The seizures included twitching in his right arm and episodes of blank staring. His parents took him to their pediatrician, Dr. Madeline Sierra, who ordered tests and referred them to a specialist in neurological disorders. The specialist, Dr. Benjamin Singh, diagnosed Jerrod with partial seizures and prescribed medication. However, the medication was not successful in treating Jerrod's disorder, leading to consideration of a more drastic treatment option involving the removal of the affected portion of his brain.
- Despite the seizures and their impact on Jerrod's daily life, there is no indication of a brain tumor. Dr. Sierra believes that Jerrod's seizures are a form of epilepsy, potentially treatable with the right approach. The rapid escalation of Jerrod's symptoms prompted the referral to Dr. Singh, a specialist in seizure disorders. The goal is to improve Jerrod's quality of life and control the seizure activity.
- Jerrod's parents were advised to keep a record of Jerrod's illness, including symptoms, tests, and information from doctors. This documentation will help them make informed decisions about Jerrod's treatment. Although the initial medication did not work, there is hope that a more drastic treatment involving the removal of the affected portion of Jerrod's brain could lead to a significantly better quality of life.
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以下の英文の翻訳お願いできませんか？ (1)Jerrod Hamilton is an active 7-year-old boy. Shortly before his seventh birthday, he had a small seizure. When he was out playing with his dad and his dog, his right arm twitched a ittle.In the following days, he had another couple of seizures. During those seizures, he stared blankly, and for a minute or two could not respond to his parents. (2)Jerrod's parents took him to their pediatrician, Dr.Madeline Sierra. "I'd like to order several tests including an EEG and MRI scan. These tests are painless and noninvasive.Starting today,I also suggest that you keep record of Jerrod's illness. Include his symptoms, tests, information from doctors, any treatments or therapies. Document everything. I will help you, but ultimately, you and Jerrod are the ones who will have to make the decisions." Jerrod's tests were done right away. (3)Jerrod's symptoms were escalating. He had daily seizures,and they included disorientation as well as uncontrollable repetitive movements on the right side of his body. He often felt tired and weak after the seizures. Dr. Serra said," There isnothing to indicate a brain tumor.I am more confident that we are dealing with a form of epilepsy, which is probably very treatable. However, given the rapid change in Jerrod's symptoms, I would like to refer you to a specialist in neurological disorders." (4)Dr.Sierra's referral sent Jerrod and his parents to Dr.Benjamin Singh,a neurologist who specialized in seizure disorders.He said, "Based on these tests and some other indications, I believe Jerrod's seizures are what we call' partial' seizures. This means that they only involve part of the brain. Let's start with a seizure medication." (5)Dr. Singh prescribed medication to help treat Jerrod's disorder. The first medication did not succeed. Doctors tried another. After some time and other combinations of medications, it became clear that this type of treatment would not work well. (6)As Jerrod's brain is starting to be damaged by the seizures, Dr. Singh went on to describe another type of more drastic treatment. "The upper part of the brain, the cerebrum is divided into two hemispheres. In Jerrod's case, his seizure activity is located primarily in the left hemisphere of his brain. Sometimes, we can control seizure activity by removing the portion of the brain which is suffering. It can lead to a signifcantly better quality of life for the patient. This may be our best option."
- kero1522
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（1）ジェロッドハミルトンは、活発な7歳の男の子です。七歳の誕生日を迎える少し前に、彼は軽い発作を起こしました。彼が、彼の父親と彼の犬と外で遊んでいたとき、彼の右腕が、少し痙攣しました。その後数日で、彼は、さらに何回か発作を起こしました。それらの発作の間、彼は視線がうつろになり、1、2分、彼の両親に返事をすることができませんでした。 （2）ジェロッドの両親は、彼らの小児科医、マデリン・シエラ医師のもとに彼を連れて行きました。 「EEGとMRIスキャンを含むいくつかの検査を行いたいと思います。これらのテストは、傷みもありませんし非侵襲的（生体内の恒常性を乱す事象がない）です。私はまた、今日から、ジェロッドの病気の記録を付けておくことをお勧めします。彼の症状、検査、医師からの情報、治療や治療法、全ての書類を含めて下さい。私は、あなた方のお役に立ちたいと思いますが、最終的には、あなたとジェロッドが、意思決定をしなければなりません。」ジェロッドの検査は、すぐに行われました。 （3）ジェロッドの症状は、悪化しました。彼は、毎日、発作を起こしました。発作には、見当識障害だけでなく、彼の身体の右側に制御不能の反復的動作が含まれていました。彼は、しばしば、発作の後、疲れと脱力感を感じました。シエラ医師は、「脳腫瘍を示唆するものは何もありません」と述べました。私たちは、一種のてんかんを治療していると考える方がよいです、これは、おそらく治療可能です。しかし、ジェロッドの症状の急激な変化を考えると、私は、あなた方に神経疾患の専門家を紹介したいと思います。」 （4）シエラ医師の紹介で、ジェロッドと彼の両親は、発作性疾患を専門にするベンジャミン・シン医師を訪ねました、彼は、言いました「これらの検査と他のいくつかの徴候に基づいて、私は、ジェロッドの発作は、我々が 『部分』発作と呼んでいるものであるとおもいます。これは、発作が、脳の一部に関連していることを意味します。けいれん薬から始めてみましょう。」 （5）シン医師は、ジェロッドの障害を治療するための薬を処方しました。最初の薬は、成功しませんでした。医師は、別の薬を試してみました。しばらく、他の薬剤の組み合わせを試みた後、この種の治療が、効果を発揮しないことが明らかになりました。 （6）ジェロッドの脳が、発作によって損傷を受け始めるにつれて、シン医師は、さらにより極端な治療法を説明する様になりました。「脳の上部、つまり、大脳は、2つの半球に分かれています。ジェロッドの場合には、彼の発作活動は、主に彼の脳の左半球に位置しています。時には、我々は、病んでいる脳の一部分を除去することにより、発作活動を制御することができます。それは、患者の生活の質の向上に大いにつなげることができます。これが、我々の最良の選択肢かもしれません。」
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- 英文について教えてください。
Moreover-taking the word "tragedy" in its most ordinary modern sense-it is Gretchen who suffers the tragedy, which Faust takes in his stride. We never see him hunted by the furies, like Orestes: no sooner has Part Two begun than spirits "remove the burning arrows of remorse, and cleanse his mind of memories." And though he dies blind like Oedipus, (1)【he does not blind himself with clasps plucked in a passion from the corpse of his beloved, resolved to live in infamy and night.】 Rather, he loses his sight when he is a hundred years old, just before he dies in a moment of elation. Faust's sufferings are incidental. He is not a tragic hero like Orestes, who is called upon to kill his mother, or like Oedipus, who owes it to his city to find out who killed his predecessor and who thus discovers that he killed his father and is wedded to his mother. In Faust, tragedy engulfs not the hero but representatives of unheroic, non-outstanding, suffering humanity: Gretchen, Philemon and Baucis, Gretchen's mother. The death of Philemon and Baucis in the fifth act of Part Two involves no tragic conflict in Faust's mind: he has given different instructions; their death is a hideous surprise to him; but again he takes it in his stride.(2)【 It is another episode, no more.】(3)【 In retrospect we realize, if it was not clear to us all along, that Gretchen's tragedy, too, was a mere episode.】 The drama is epic, the effect cumulative. 『Goethe's Faust by Walter Kaufmann』 上記の英文の(1)【】、(2)【】、(3)【】の部分について質問です。 (1)【he does not blind himself with clasps plucked in a passion from the corpse of his beloved, resolved to live in infamy and night.】 ＊clasps pluckedとはどういう意味にとればよいのでしょうか？ ＊全体はどういう訳になりますか？ (2)【 It is another episode, no more.】 ＊これはどういうことを言っているのでしょうか？ another episodeとは？ (3)【 In retrospect we realize, if it was not clear to us all along, that Gretchen's tragedy, too, was a mere episode.】 ＊文の構造がよくわかりません。 if節があって、帰結はGretchen's tragedy, too, was a mere episodeだと思うのですが、Gretchen's tragedyの前にthatがついているのがわかりません。 ＊また、it was not clear to us all alongのitは何をさしているのでしょうか？ よろしくお願いいたします。
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Dr. Frank Guenther is a cognitive neuroscientist who studies speech production, speech perception, and sensory-motor control. He and his team helped a completely paralyzed but conscious patient communicate with the use of brain sensors. First, the researchers watched the patient’s brain activity by using functional MRI (fMRI) as he tried to say certain vowels. Next, they implanted an electrode into the part of the man’s brain that deals with speech production. The electrode can sense brain activity very quickly and transmit it instantaneously to a machine that can show which vowels the patient is thinking about. After more vowels and consonants are added to the list of understood letters, it is hoped that the patient will be able to communicate whole words to the researchers. Other projects have used electrodes to allow a paralyzed person to move a robotic arm, but this is the first project to have a specifically designed brain-computer interface for speech. A future patient may have additional electrodes implanted so that more information can be transmitted from the speech-production area of the brain to the researchers, leading to deeper communication. よろしくお願いします＾＾；
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- 英文和訳です
An electrode implanted into the brain of a man who is unable to move or communicate has enabled him to use a speech synthesizer to produce vowel sounds as he thinks them. The work could one day help similar patients to produce whole sentences using signals from their brains, say the researchers. Frank Guenther of Boston University in Massachusetts and his colleagues worked with a patient who has locked-in syndrome, a condition in which patients are almost completely paralysed ― often able to move only their eyelids ― but still fully conscious. Guenther and his team first had to determine whether the man’s brain could produce the same speech signals as a healthy person’s. So they scanned his brain using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) while he attempted to say certain vowels. Once the researchers were happy that the signal were the same, they implanted an electrode ― designed by neuroscientist Philip Kennedy of the firm Neural Signals in Duluth, Georgia ― into the speech-production areas of the man’s brain. The electrode will remain there for the foreseeable future. The electrode is different to others used for brain-computer interfaces, most of which are fixed to the skull rather than within a specific part of the brain. This means that the electrodes can move around, making it difficult to record from the same neurons every time or to leave the electrode in place for more than a few months at a time. The electrode used by Guenther’s team is impregnated with neurotrophic factors, which encourage neurons to grow into and around the electrode, anchoring it in place and allowing it to be recorded from for a much longer time. 長文でスミマセンがよろしくお願いします＾＾；
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A lonely, old fisherman sets out daily in his small boat to fish in the Gulf Stream off Cuba. He has gone 84 days without catching anything. Around noon, his fishing line is tugged in his hand. The weight of the fish is incredible. The huge fish dives deep, and pulls the boat further and further from land. The old fisherman begins to talk to the fish he cannot see. " I really like you. I respect you. " The fish keeps swimming deep in the water. On the second day since hooking the fish, the old fisherman eats his fill of raw tuna. Suddenly, in front of the boat, the fish surfaces. It has a long, pointed upper jaw...it's a gigantic marlin. " This fish is my friend. But I must kill it. " The old man's happiness is to kill the fish that has become as close as a brother to him. On the third day, the sun rises. The old man is practically dizzy with exhaustion. With his remaining strength, he harpoons the fish, which seems to weigh more than 1500 pounds. He ropes the dead fish to the side of his small boat, and begins his trip home. Sharks attack his fish all along the route home. At last, he manages to get back to port that night. Nothing remains of the gigantic marlin but the skeleton and tail. So runs the story of Ernest Hemingway's (1899-1961) classic tale, The Old Man and The Sea.
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