Comparisons and Analysis of Four Companies and Their Impact on Industrial Enterprise History
- Comparisons and analyses of four companies and their actions provide insight into the history of the industrial enterprise as an institution.
- Carefully defining terms and concepts is crucial for accurate comparisons and findings.
- The set of general propositions attempts to explain the emergence of the modern 'decentralized' structure.
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- #comparisonsandanalysis
- #historicalreality
- #conceptualprecision
- #decentralizedstructure
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英語の訳をお願いします・・。
簡単にでもいいので、冷やかし無しで和訳お願いします・・。 If useful comparisons are to be made among four companies and then fourscore more, and if decisions and actions in these firms are to indicate something about the history of the industrial enterprise as an institution, the terms and concepts used in these comparisons and analyses must be carefully and precisely defined. Otherwise comparisons and findings can be more misleading than instructive. The fillowing set of general or theoretical propositions attempts to provide some sort of conceptual precision. Without reference to historical reality, they try to explain in fairly clear-cut, over simplified terms how the modern, "decentralized" structure came into being.
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これは企業の統治に関する文章です。 企業群の内４社づつを選んで比較検討し、企業内の決断や行動は投資機関としての企業の歴史的な背景からくるのとすれば、この比較検討・分析で使われる条件や概念を注意深く定義しなくてはならない。 でないと、比較や発見したことは誤解を招く。・・・・・ 歴史的な事実に関連付けないと、単純化され議論される近代企業の「分散化」構造がいかに構築されたかを明確に説明できない。
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- WhatIsHappiness
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初めまして。 たまに間違えている単語が入っているようにも思いますが。。 何のreadingですかね。 大まかに言うと、 期間•概念と分析は注意深くかつ性格に意味付けられなければならない さもなければ比較と分析結果は教育的なものより誤解を招くかもしれない。 歴史的事実がなければ、簡潔化されたタームがどのくらい現代的なのか、公平なクリアカットで説明にトライし、 分割された構成がその存在から現れる。 難しい内容というか読みにくいですね。 私の力不足かもしれませんが、、 訳す必要はないと思います。笑
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- 英語の訳をお願いします・・。
経済英語なのですが、冷やかし無しでお願いします・・。簡単な感じでも大丈夫です・・。 At the same time, by carefully and explisitly comparing the separate chronoligical stories with one another and then with similar developments in other great industrial companies, these stories can become more than mere case studies in the meeting and solving of administrative problems resulting from growth. They can provide otherwise unobtainable information essential to the understanding of the history of one of the most significant of today's institutions. Such a comparative and institutional study of American business would seem to have some real advantages over the more traditional histories of individual firms or the more general surveys of the American business economy. Not only does it permit an analysis of significant decisions in far greater depth and detail than is possible even in a multivolume history of a single great company, but it also makes it possible to relate these detailed analyses more clearly and more precisely to broader historical developments. On the other hand, complex decisions, actions, and events are not taken out of context and presented as mere illustrations as they would have to be in a general history of American business or of the American economy. They are not used to illustrate generalizations; they are the date from which the generalizations are derived.
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The terminology often used in software engineering can be imprecise and misleading. Many software practitioners and researchers mistakenly think that to be meaningful, a measure must be useful, practical, worthwhile, or easy to collect. These characteristics are not part of meaningfulness. Indeed, such issues are difficult to address for any measure, whether it occurs in software or in some other scientific discipline. For example, carbon-dating techniques for measuring the age of fossils may not be practical or easy to do, but the measures are certainly valid and meaningful! Thus, meaningfulness should be viewed as only one attribute of a measure. 長いですが、どなたか訳してもらえないでしょうか？宜しくお願いします。
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- 英語の訳をお願いします・・。
経済英語なのですが、この段落だけ和訳をお願いできないでしょうか？ 少々長いので、簡単にでもいいのでお願いします。 急いでいるので冷やかし無しでお願いします・・。 The next few propositions deal with the content of administrative activities handled through the different types of posts or positions in the most complex administrative structures. The executives in a modern "decentralized" company carry out their administrative activities from four different types of positions (see Chart I). Each of these types within the enterprise has a different range of administrative activities. Normally, each is on a different level of authority. At the top is a general office. There, genelar executives and staff specialists coordinate, appraise, and plan goals and policies and allocate resources for a number of quasiautonomous, fairly self-contained divisions. in one large geographical area. Each division's central office, in turn, administers a number of departments. Each of these departments is responsible for the administration of a major function-manufacturing, selling, purchasing or producing of raw materials, engineering, research, finance, and the like. The departmental headquarters in its turn coordinates, appraises, and plans for a number of field units. At the lowest level, each field unit runs a plant or works, a branch or district sales office, a purchasing office, an engineering or research laboratory, an accounting or other financial office, and the like. The four types of administrative positions in a large multidivisional enterprise are thus: the field unit, the departmental headquarters, the division's central office, and the general office. These terms are used throughout this study to designate a specific set of administrative activities. They do not, it should be stressed, refer to an enterprise's office buildings or rooms. One office building could house executives responsible for any one of the positions or conceivably those responsible for all four. Conversely, the executives in any one of the posts could be housed in different rooms or buildings.
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冷やかし無しでお願いします・・。だいたいの訳で構わないのでお願いします・・・。 The story of how each of the four innovators met its changing administrative needs and problems which resulted from the expansion of its business has been told as though it were a chapter in the company's history. Each case study presents the events from the point of view of the busy men responsible for the destiny of their enterprise. Only by showing these executives as they handled what appeared to them to be unique problems and issues can the process of innovation and change be meaningfully presented. Only in this way can the trials of harassed executives faced with novel and extremely complex problems be clearly pictured, and the impact of specific personalities and of historical or accidental situations on over-all change be adequately presented. Moreover, if the chronological development of the story is kept intact and if it can be presented as it appeared to the actors in the story, the date should have more value to businessmen and scholars interested in the growth and goverment of the great industrial corporation than if they were selected and arranged to develop or illustrate one particular historian's theses.
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