Who Are the Most Valued Advisers? Research Reveals Surprising Results
- A popular stereotype suggests that the elderly, with their accumulated experience, are the most valued advisers. However, research has shown that the middle-aged population, specifically those aged 5 to 55, are actually considered the most highly valued advisers. Even the elderly prefer the advice of the middle-aged.
- Who would you consider the most valued advisers? Many people might assume that the elderly, with their accumulated experience, hold the key to wisdom. However, surprising research findings reveal that it is actually the middle-aged population, specifically those aged 5 to 55, who are considered the most highly valued advisers. This means that even the elderly prefer the advice of those in the middle-aged range.
- Contrary to the popular stereotype, research has shown that the most highly valued advisers are not the elderly with their accumulated experience, but rather the middle-aged population aged 5 to 55. Even the elderly themselves prefer the advice of those in the middle-aged range. These findings challenge commonly held beliefs about wisdom and expertise.
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The mature years According to a popular stereotype, the accumulated experience of the elderly makes them wise and valued advisers. However, research has shown that in fact the most highly valued adviser is the middle-aged person in the range from5 to 55 years of age. Even the old prefer the advice of the middle-aged. お願いします。
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成熟した年 大衆の既成概念によると、高齢者の蓄えられた経験は、彼らを賢明で貴重なアドバイザーにします。 しかし、研究は、実際、最も高く評価されるアドバイザーは、5歳から55歳の範囲の中年の人であることを、示しました。 老人でさえ、中年のアドバイスを好みます。 ☆ 英文通りに訳しましたが、「5歳から55歳」と言う部分の「5歳」は若すぎる様に思うのですが・・・？
関連するQ&A
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One stereotype is that of the elder statesman, the repository of tribal lore and accumulated wisdom at whose feet the young sit for counsel and instruction. Another stereotype has the elders enjoying the leisure made possible by a comfortable retirement pension, pursing long-postponed but loved avocations-reading great literature, or writing it, painting, building, gardening, traveling. A third stereotype refers to the serenity of old age; the elderly contemplate a life well spent and face the inevitability of their own death with equanimity. お願いします。
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Men undergo no critical stage like menopause, and may remain fertile throughout middle and old age. Physiological changes occur, however, and affect sexual functioning. Sexual activity usually drops in frequency in middle and old age, but it still occurs even in old age, in spite of the stereotype of old age as sexless (except for "dirty old men"). お願いします。
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Nevertheless, middle age is not free of crises. Physiological and psychological crises occur, and must be met in a satisfactory way if stagnation is to be avoided. We begin with a physiological crisis that confronts middle-aged woman, the menopause. お願いします。
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According to another stereotype, a major crisis occurs in middle age, the “mid-life crisis.” However, psychologists have not been able to agree when it occurs, some arguing for the 20s, some for the 60s, and others for every age in between. Furthermore, they disagree about the nature of this crisis. One might suspect, then, that the concept lacks a firm basis of facts. Supporting this suspicion, a recent study showed that middle age is actually the best period of adulthood. Feelings of alienation, powerlessness, meaninglessness, and disengagement were most prevalent in young adulthood and least prevalent in middle age. The elderly group in the study was intermediate. お願いします。
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Perhaps the most disturbing thing about the empty nest, however, is that it is a sign that youth has gone. This sign, together with the evidence confronted in the mirror and the menopause, which occurs at about the same time as the empty nest, make the loss of youth impossible to deny. Given the worship of youthfulness in our society, especially youthfulness in woman, the effect is a real crisis. Of little comfort to the present generation, the declining birth rate and increasing longevity have combined to increase the average age of Americans to 29 years. If the trends continue, our ideal may also mature. お願いします。
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Physical and mental dependency are dealt with in different ways, depending on the resources available. If income is sufficient, the old person may continue to live “independently” in his or her own home. Often, however, monetary resources are too low, and the old person moves in with relatives, usually one of his or her children. If this resource is unavailable, because no child is willing or able to take in the aged and ailing parent, then the only recourse is institutionalization. Only a very small proportion of the aged population is institutionalized, however, amounting in 1970 to about 4 percent of white men, 6 percent of white women, and 3 percent of black men and women. お願いします。
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The menopause The word menopause is derived from the Greek menos, mouth, and paueis, to cause to cease. It refers to an abrupt period of time in which physiological changes in women result in natural termination of menstruation and the menstrual cycle. During the menopause, women sometimes experience “hot flashes”, and many women report that period is unpleasant. It signals the end of fertility, but it is not viewed by middle-aged women as a heavy crisis; only 4 percent checked “the menopause” in a question on the worst thing about middle age, and most women who are postmenopausal feel positively about it (Troll, 1975). お願いします。
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Note that in the twenty-nine centuries between 1000 B.C. and 1900, life expectancy increased by almost thirty years, and in the seventy years between 1900 and it increased almost another twenty-four years. These striking increases are misleading, however, because the averages reflect to a very large extent reductions in infant mortality. The figures we have been discussing-the ones in the first row of the second section-are life expectancies at birth. The second row of this table shows the life expectancies at the age of sixty-five years. It can be seen that in 1970, the average sixty-five-year-old could expect to live about fifteen more years, to the age of about eighty-nine years longer than the average life expectancy of the newborn infant. That is, when you were born you could expect to live seventy-one years, and as you grew older and survived longer, you could expect to live longer. (See P＆L Close-up, Life Expectancy: How Long Is long?) お願いします。
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Loss of spouse During the early years of life, loss of souse is certainly not a normally encountered crisis. After adolescence, however, it becomes increasingly common with increasing age. During the early years of adulthood, divorce cause loss of a spouse much more often than death does. Incidentally, the crisis of losing a spouse is more likely to have a gradual onset in the early adult years than a sudden onset, because during these years divorce-the more usual cause of losing a spouse-is likely to result from a gradual buildup of tensions, while death-the less common cause of losing a spouse-is likely to have a sudden onset. The most common cause of death in early adulthood, as in adolescence, is accident. お願いします。
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Young adulthood In Chapter 6 we defined early adulthood as extending from maturity to about the age of 45 years. Other developmentalists have defined it as extending from 18 to 35 years of age (Havighurst, 1973), 20 to 40 (Erikson, 1963), and 25 to 45 or 50 (Buhler, 1962). There is nevertheless good agreement about the major life crises or developmental tasks of general age period. お願いします。
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ありがとうございました。 大変助かりました。