The Hindenburg Line: A Formidable German Defensive Position in World War I

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  • The Hindenburg Line, also known as the Siegfriedstellung or Siegfried Position, was a German defensive position built during World War I.
  • Constructed from Arras to Laffaux on the Western Front, near Soissons on the Aisne, the Hindenburg Line was a response to the failures of the German offensive at the Battle of Verdun and the defensive battle forced upon them during the Battle of the Somme.
  • It was intended to make a retirement from the Somme front possible and counter anticipated Anglo-French attacks in 1917.
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The Hindenburg Line (Siegfriedstellung or Siegfried Position) was a German defensive position of World War I, built during the winter of 1916–1917 on the Western Front, from Arras to Laffaux, near Soissons on the Aisne. In 1916, the German offensive at the Battle of Verdun had been a costly failure. The Anglo-French offensive at the Battle of the Somme had forced a defensive battle on the Germans, leaving the western armies (Westheer) exhausted. On the Eastern Front, the Brusilov Offensive had inflicted huge losses on the Austro-Hungarian armies in Russia and forced the Germans to take over more of the front. The declaration of war by Romania had placed additional strain on the German army and war economy. Construction of the Hindenburg Line in France was begun by the Germans in September 1916, to make a retirement from the Somme front possible, to counter an anticipated increase in the power of Anglo-French attacks in 1917.

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＞The Hindenburg Line (Siegfriedstellung or Siegfried Position) was a German defensive position of World War I, built during the winter of 1916–1917 on the Western Front, from Arras to Laffaux, near Soissons on the Aisne. In 1916, the German offensive at the Battle of Verdun had been a costly failure. ⇒ヒンデンブルク戦線（ジークフリート陣地）は、第一次世界大戦におけるドイツ軍の防御陣地で、エーン、ソワソン近くの西部戦線で、アラスからラフォーにかけて1916–1917年冬の間に造られた。1916年の、ドイツ軍による攻撃「ヴェルダンの戦い」は、手痛い失敗であった。 ＞The Anglo-French offensive at the Battle of the Somme had forced a defensive battle on the Germans, leaving the western armies (Westheer) exhausted. On the Eastern Front, the Brusilov Offensive had inflicted huge losses on the Austro-Hungarian armies in Russia and forced the Germans to take over more of the front. ⇒「ソンムの戦い」での英仏軍攻撃によってドイツ軍は防御の戦いを強いられ、西部戦線方面軍（Westheer）は疲弊困憊の状態に陥っていた。東部戦線では、ブルシーロフ攻撃がロシアで巨額の損失をオーストリア－ハンガリー軍に課して、ドイツ軍に前線の大部分を引き渡すよう強制した。 ＞The declaration of war by Romania had placed additional strain on the German army and war economy. Construction of the Hindenburg Line in France was begun by the Germans in September 1916, to make a retirement from the Somme front possible, to counter an anticipated increase in the power of Anglo-French attacks in 1917. ⇒ルーマニア軍の宣戦布告によって、さらなる緊張がドイツ軍と戦争経済にのしかかった。フランス領内でのヒンデンブルク戦線の建設は、可能な限りソンム前線から退去して、1917年に予想される英仏攻撃の軍勢増加に対処するため、1916年9月にドイツ軍の手で始められた。

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