The Impact of New Technologies on Social Interaction
- New technologies like email and instant messaging are changing the way we interact socially, leading to debates about the authenticity of these forms of communication.
- Critics argue that these technologies encourage isolation and hinder the formation of genuine friendships.
- Psychologist Sherry Turkle suggests that we have become accustomed to a new way of 'being alone together' with the rise of these powerful devices.
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More and more these days we are interacting socially through indirect contact using new technologies like email and instant messaging, or texting. Many psychologists, linguists, and sociologists have lined up to condemn this new kind of communication, primarily because, as the American philosopher and linguist Jerrold Katz once articulated it. “To type is not to be human, to be in cyberspace is not to be real; all is pretense and alienation, a poor substitute for the real thing." You can't get more emphatic than that! Skeptics of the new technologies also argue that they encourage isolation, making it difficult for us to form genuine friendships. As Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) psychologist Sherry Turkle wrote recently, “The little devices most of us carry around are so powerful that they change not only what we do, but also who we are We've become accustomed to a new way of ‘being alone together.
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私たちが、Ｅメールやインスタントメッセージ・インスタントテキスティングといった新しい技術を利用した非直接的な連絡手段を通じて相互に影響し合うということが、近ごろますます多くなってきました。 多くの心理学者、言語学者、それに社会学者は、この新しい意思疎通手段を非難し始めています。それは、アメリカの哲学者であり言語学者でもあるジェロイド・カッツ氏がかつてこのことについて断言したように、「文字を打つという行為は人間的ではないし、電脳空間に存在するということは現実に存在するというのとは違うし、これらすべては見せかけであって疎外でもあり、現実的な手段に対する不十分な代替手段でしかない」というのが、第一の理由としてあげられています。 いやはや、これ以上に強調された説明がありましょうか！新しい技術に対する懐疑論者は、さらに、それらが孤独を助長し、私たちが真の友情を構築することをむずかしくするとまで、論じています。 また同時に、マサチューセッツ工科大学の心理学者であるシェリー・タークル氏は、最近、「私たちの多くが持ち運んでいる小さな機器は、非常に強力であるので、それらが私たちが何をするかを変えてしまうばかりでなく、私たちが誰であるのかまでも変えてしまう。私たちは、だんだんと、"いっしょに孤独になる"という新しい様式に慣れ始めてしまっている」と書いています。
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[3] One particularly disturbing aspect of society’s crime problem is the psychopath. a person who appears to lack any conscience and does indeed seem to be “evil incarnate" (though new studies show that such seemingly innate badness is usually due to abuse and neglect at a very early age). Spotting psychopaths is difficult because they can be cleverly manipulative and skilled liars. But a new Cornell University study says that psychopathic criminals‘ speech patterns frequently give them away. For example, they use the past tense more often than “normal” criminals, as if trying to separate themselves from their crimes. They also use more filler syllables like “uh” and “um” to make themselves sound normal. And they use more subordinate conjunctions like "because" and “so that.” which. suggests one researcher, “that psychopaths are more likely to view the crime as a logical outcome something that had to be done.” The results of the study, the researchers say, should prove useful in both crime investigation and crime prevention helping to “spot” potential wrongdoers before they act.
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You may think that we make no drastic change to speech sounds we get through the ear. In truth, the brain controls the amount of information within reasonable limits. Two researchers recorded spontaneous conversation without the participants' knowledge. The tape recording was then cut up into recordings of individual words. These individual word recordings were played to people who were asked to identify what they heard. Surprisingly, played in isolation, only about half of the words were identifiable. Yet, when we are listening to continuous speech, we do not have the impression that we are guessing and filling in gaps. The speech sounds clear. If the tape recordings are cut up into larger and larger parts, then the comprehensibility of the speech increases. The normal Clarity of speech is an illusion. The brain imposes an interpretation upon the speech that it hears and constructs hypotheses about the general context and meaning, which enables the interpretation of much of the input. So, when two people claim that they heard a speaker say something slightly different, it may be that both are accurate. Each of them may have heard, in terms of a higher-level interpretation by the brain, a different sentence. The perception of speech may sometimes be a rather automatic process. We may not be aware that we are monitoring conversations in which we are not taking part. At a party you may be able to identify your own name in a conversation across the room despite apparent unawareness of the content of the rest of the conversation. In order to recognize that your name was spoken, the brain must have been monitoring the progress and speech pattern of the conversation which was taking place elsewhere, even though you did not notice yourself doing this. It appears that we can have the capacity to monitor more than one chain of speech at once, though it may not be possible for us to monitor both to the same degree, or for us to have full conscious awareness of the content of both. We are also able to attend selectively to one conversation, even if there are loud competing conversations in the background, by Extracting the relevant information from the complex signal of mixed speech. This is referred to as the cocktail party phenomenon.
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As seen by members of other nations, this emphasis on questioning and searching is bad for young people's "manners." Foreigners often feel a great lack of respect in our youth. It is true that many do become rude. Foreign visitors are often startled and frequently annoyed to find junior staff members daring to challenge older executives or argue points with them; they do not always like it when these young men or women make detailed but often revolutionary suggestions. One's own blueprints, reports, or analyses may be scrutinized in detail perhaps even challenged by a young person. This is not to be considered an insult or loss of face; nor is it an indication of "no confidence." Our whole approach to research is different. We try not to emphasize the personal. Your ideas are being looked at, not you yourself. To us the two are quite separate. This is the way our minds work. We are seeking facts; we are not challenging you as a person.
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空欄のA.B.C.Dは下の選択肢から選んでください。 Is there nothing that interests us all? Is there nothing that (A) everyone- no matter who they are or where they live in the world? Yes, there are questions that certainly should interests everyone. They are precisely the questions this course is about. What is the most important thing in life? If we ask someone living on the edge of starvation, the answer (B) . If we ask someone dying of cold, the answer is warmth. If we put the same question to someone who feels (C) and isolated, the answer will probably be the company of other people. But when these basic needs have been satisfied- will there still be something that everybody needs? Philosophers think so. They believe that man cannot live by (D) alone. Of course everyone needs food. And everyone needs love and care. But there is something else- apart from that- which everyone needs, and that is to figure out who we are and why we are here. (A) ( surprises, concerns, pleases , changes) (B) ( life, dream, food, house) (C) ( lonely, happy, sick, angry) (D).( meat,milk, rice, bread)
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of course,overparenting is far superior to no parenting at all,since parental neglect is known to be the root cause of a variety of emotional and behavioral problems iin children,even, most disturbingly,psychopathy, or so suggests robert hare in his 1993 book about the subject,without conscience. but helicopter-or over-parenting has its own consequences,not so extreme perhaps, but serious nevertheless. a study of university students by neil montgomety, a psychologist at keence state college in Ｎew hampshire,found that students with helicopter parents were more apt to be neurorotic than students with non-helicopter parents. they are less flexible and open to new ideas, as well as shier,more nervous, and more sensitive to criticism. about such students montgomery concludes,we have a person who is dependent,who is vulnerable,who is self-conscious,who is anxious,who is impulsive and undisciplined.not open to new actions or ideads. is that going to make a successfui college student and person? no,not exactly,it is really a sad story at the end of the day.
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of course,overparenting is far superior to no parenting at all,since parental neglect is known to be the root cause of a variety of emotional and behavioral problems iin children,even, most disturbingly,psychopathy, or so suggests robert hare in his 1993 book about the subject,without conscience. but helicopter-or over-parenting has its own consequences,not so extreme perhaps, but serious nevertheless. a study of university students by neil montgomety, a psychologist at keence state college in Ｎew hampshire,found that students with helicopter parents were more apt to be neurorotic than students with non-helicopter parents. they are less flexible and open to new ideas, as well as shier,more nervous, and more sensitive to criticism. about such students montgomery concludes,we have a person who is dependent,who is vulnerable,who is self-conscious,who is anxious,who is impulsive and undisciplined.not open to new actions or ideads. is that going to make a successfui college student and person? no,not exactly,it is really a sad story at the end of the day. 翻訳サイトでは無理でした お願いします
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以下の英文の日本語訳がわかりません。だれか教えてください。お願いします。 (1)What is something that people may not want to admit? (2)That we have the same body parts as animals. (3)That we need animals to survive. (4)That animals are smarter than us. (5)That we can be trained like animals.
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以下の英文を日本語に訳し、さらに英語で返事をしないといけないのですが意味がよく理解できません。 どなたか教えてください。 By the way do you know that in the capital city of Japan they do a kind of experiment with a mouse (which they excise some genes) so that the mouse it not afraid or scared anymore of cats. Which this the scientists want and proved that the fear of the mouse is inborn or naturaly. And that when you just "removed" that gene it will not try to escape. So what do you think about it?is it not incredible. I mean if they can do this also with us human beings then they can "remove" all the fear that we have on certainly or particulary things. 私が分かる範囲では、 「By the way do you know that in the capital city of Japan they do a kind of experiment with a mouse (which they excise some genes) so that the mouse it not afraid or scared anymore of cats.」 ・・・ところであなたは日本の首都を知っていますか。彼らはexperimentの一種でねずみと一緒です。そしてそのねずみは猫のそんなに怖い物ではなかった。 「Which this the scientists want and proved that the fear of the mouse is inborn or naturaly.」 ・・・どの科学者はそれが欲しく、供給したかったのか....? 「And that when you just "removed" that gene it will not try to escape.」 ・・・...? 「So what do you think about it?is it not incredible.」 ・・・あなたはこれについてどう思いますか？ 「I mean if they can do this also with us human beings then they can "remove" all the fear that we have on certainly or particulary things.」 ・・・もし彼らがこれをまた人間の初めとしてできたのなら...? よろしくお願いいたします。
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"With historically low levels of new building and net migration (while not at strong levels) likely to be more supportive of Auckland housing demand than other parts of the country, we suspect demographic pressures are slowly beginning to surface. This is also shown by increases in average rents, which at $434 per week is also a new record high." Borkin said that given the housing market's properties as a good "leading indicator" in NZ, and the Auckland region being "the consumer juggernaut" that it is, this may signal the beginnings of an improvement in the consumer spending backdrop. "We think it is too early to make a call on this yet given that household behaviour remains one of caution and deleveraging, but we are watching closely." Borkin said that evidence was gradually beginning to mount "that a more robust recovery is around the corner and this will eventually warrant tighter monetary conditions. We continue to feel this is more an early 2012 story".
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The best way of approaching philosophy is to ask a few philosophical question: How was the world created?Is there any will or meaning behind what happens? Is there a life after death?How can we answer these questions?And most important,how ought we to live?People have been asking questions throughout the ages.We know of no culture which has not concerned itself with what man is and where the world came from. Basically there are not many philosophical questions to ask.We have already asked some of the most important ones.But history presents us with many different answers to each question.So it is easier to ask philosophical questions than to answer them. Today as well each individual has to discover his own answer to these same questions.You cannot find out whether there is a God or whether there is life after death by looking in an encyclopedia.Nor does the encyclopedia tell us how we ought to live.However,reading what other people have believed can help us formulate our own view of life. Philosopheres’ search for the truth resembles a detective story.Some think Andersen was the murderer,others think it was Nielsen or Jensen.The police are sometimes able to solve a real crime.But it is equally possible that they never get to the bottom of it,although there is a solution somewhere.So even if it is difficult to answer a question,there may be one―and only one―right answer.Either there is a kind of existence after death―or there is not. A lot of age-old enigmas have now been explained by science.What the dark side of the moon looks like was once shrouded in mystery.It was not the kind of thing that could be solved by discussion;it was left to the imagination of the individual.But today we know exactly what the dark side of the moon looks like,and no one can `believe` any longer in the Man in the Moon,or that the moon is made of green cheese. A Greek philosopher who lived more than two thousand years ago believed that philosophy had its origin in man’s sense of wonder.Man thought it was so astonishing to be alive that philosophical questions arose of their own accord.
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