英語の入試問題での参加者の知識について

このQ&Aのポイント
  • 神戸大の英語の入試問題の冒頭部分で、参加者達に知られないで会話を記録することについて疑問があります。
  • without the participants' knowledgeという表現について、参加者達についての知識を持たないこととは違うのではないかと思います。
  • しかし、参加者達についての知識を持っていても持っていなくても会話を記録することには変わりがないのではないでしょうか。
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  • ベストアンサー

神戸大の英語の入試問題の冒頭部分です。

神戸大の英語の入試問題の冒頭部分です。 You may think that we make no drastic change to speech sounds we get through the ear. In truth the brain controls the amount of information within reasonable limits. Two researchers recorded spontaneous conversation without the participants' knowledge. ここで、without the participants'knowledgeの訳です。 「参加者達に知られないで」となっているようですが、 Train arrived at the station without delay.の場合は、delayするのは、主語のtrainですよね。同様に、knowledgeを持つのは、researcherではないのでしょうか。 「参加者達についてのついての知識を持たずに」とはならないのでしょうか。 ただ、内容的には、「参加者達に知られないで記録する」のは盗聴になるからよくないことでしょうし、 「参加者達についてのついての知識を持っても、持たなくても」会話を記録するのになにも違いはないから、変な文章のような気がしますが。 よろしくお願い致します。

  • 英語
  • 回答数4
  • ありがとう数15

質問者が選んだベストアンサー

  • ベストアンサー
  • tjhiroko
  • ベストアンサー率52% (2281/4352)
回答No.3

without someone's knowledge で「(人)に知られずに、(人)の知らない間に、(人)に知らせないまま」という意味になるようです。 http://eow.alc.co.jp/without+knowledge/UTF-8/?ref=sa "without the participants' knowledge" で検索しますと、調査に関連した文ばかりが目につきますね。調査の手法として存在するようです。 こちらの本の記述(190ページの終わりから191ページ頭にかけて)にそれについて詳しく書かれています。 http://books.google.co.jp/books?id=Ej3wstotgkQC&pg=PA191&lpg=PA191&dq=%22without+the+participants%27+knowledge%22&source=bl&ots=wdPyGN8wEk&sig=M_ZMtF8M9OXUs4DiqYjWkiOOTyI&hl=ja&ei=mIDrS8jAAsqLkAWcxvT4Bw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=9&ved=0CEAQ6AEwCA#v=onepage&q=%22without%20the%20participants%27%20knowledge%22&f=false >When full disclosure poses the risk of biased results, researchers sometimes use covert data collection or concealment (the collection of information without the participants' knowledge or consent) or deception (either withholding information from participants' or providing false information).

wakakusa01
質問者

お礼

tjhirokoさま 情報提供有り難うございます。 よくわかりました。

その他の回答 (3)

  • googoo1956
  • ベストアンサー率47% (623/1316)
回答No.4

>Two researchers recorded spontaneous conversation without the participants' knowledge.  「所有格+名詞」の関係を「主語+動詞」と理解するのか「動詞+目的語」と理解するのかを判断する基準は、まず「名詞」のもととなっている「動詞」が自動詞であるか他動詞であるかということです。 (1) We were surprised at John's appearance.   「私たちはジョンが現れたことに驚いた。」 (2) He was very keen about his children's education.   「彼は子供たちを教育することに熱心だった。」  (1)の「appearance」のもとの動詞である「appear」は自動詞ですから「主語+動詞」と、(2)の「education」のもとの動詞である「educate」は他動詞ですから「動詞+目的語」という関係があると考えることができます。  しかし、「knowledge」という名詞のもとの動詞である「know」は自動詞と他動詞の両方の意味(用法)がありますので、このような場合には文脈で判断することになります。  お尋ねの英文では「spontaneous」という言葉が手掛かりになります。「自然な会話」を録音するためには、話し手が録音していることを意識していないという状況が必要です。人間は、自分の声が録音されていると思っているとどうしても「よそ行きの話し方」になってしまうものです。  したがって「without the participants' knowledge」は「参加者たちが(録音されていることを)知らない状況で」と理解するべきでしょう。  「盗聴では?」とのご心配はもっともなものですが、知らない者(参加者)同士が研究施設のような場所で行う会話は他人に知られてこまるような内容ではないでしょうし、おそらく録音後に承諾を得るような配慮もされるのではないでしょうか。  ご参考になれば・・・。

wakakusa01
質問者

お礼

googoo1956さま 貴重な判断基準 「主語+動詞」と理解するのか「動詞+目的語」と理解するのか 有り難うございます。

回答No.2

the participants' knowledge で「参加者が知っていること」という意味です。 「参加者の知るところ」「参加者の知識となっている」という感じです。 このような実験を行う場合に、あらかじめ被験者に知らせていると、意識してしまって正しい実験結果が出ないからです。 盗聴云々に関しては確かにそうなのですが、被験者にあらかじめ「実験の際のあらゆるデータを自由に使うことを許可する」という念書を書かせた上で報酬を約束している。 あるいは、録音することは言ってあり、「何の目的で録音するのか」は知らせずに、普通に会話するように指示している。

  • bakansky
  • ベストアンサー率48% (3502/7245)
回答No.1

「参加者達についてのついての知識を持たずに」とはならないと思います。 knowledge =「知識」としてしまうと理解に誤りが生じるかもしれません。 knowledge は know =「知る」から派生した語であることを考えると、without one's knowledge に「~に知られることなく」と訳すのは自然に感じられます。 without my knowledge というのを考えてみると、「わたしの知らないうちに」という訳になると思います。「知る」という動詞の主体は「わたし」であるわけです。 without delay の場合には、その主体になるものの存在が表現されていないので、「遅滞なく」という訳をつけるわけです。

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