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こんばんは。以下の英文について質問です。 They marched down the sloping lawns towards a smooth lawn on the opposite side of the grounds to the Forbidden Forest, whose trees were swaying darkly in the distance. down the sloping lawns: 傾斜した芝生を下に towards a smooth lawn on the opposite side of the grounds: グランドの反対側の平らな芝生のほうへ to the Forbidden Forest: 禁止された森林のほうへ このように３個副詞がありますが、一つ一つの意味は分かるのですが繋がるとよく分からなくなります。これはどう解釈すればよいのでしょうか？ お願いします。
- i_du_ru
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Hogwartsのマップ、森／芝生などの位置関係についての説明を見つけました。参考になるでしょうか。 http://www.hp-lexicon.org/images/maps/hogwarts_map.html http://www.hp-lexicon.org/hogwarts/castle/hogwarts_outside.html They marched down the sloping lawns towards a smooth lawn on the opposite side of the grounds to the Forbidden Forest, whose trees were swaying darkly in the distance. １．They marched down the sloping lawns towards a smooth lawn 訳）彼らは、傾斜した芝地を下り、平らな芝地へと歩いていった。 ２．on the opposite side of the grounds to the Forbidden Forest これは、smooth lawnの位置を説明しています。 ・opposite to：反対側の on the opposite side... to the Forbidden Forest：禁じられた森とは反対側に ・the grounds: the Hogwarts grounds、つまりHogwartsの敷地のこと。 要するに、森がHogwartsの敷地の右手の方に位置するとします。平らな芝地は森のちょうど反対側に位置します。 違う例を挙げてみます。 例）The post office is on the opposite side of the street to my house. 訳）郵便局は、通りを隔てて、私の家の向かい側です。 １と２を繋げて。うまい日本語で訳すのは難しいですが、これで理解はできるのではないでしょうか。 訳）彼らは、傾斜した芝地を下り、構内の、禁断の森とは反対側に位置する平らな芝地へと歩いていった。 ３．whose trees were swaying darkly in the distance. 訳）その禁断の森の木々は遠方で陰気に揺れていた。 whoseの前にコンマがありますから、独立した一つの文章として訳すことができます。 解説は以上です。 ストーリーの設定では、これから芝地で飛行練習をする、ということになっています。禁断の森の方に行ってはおかしいでしょう。随分な誤解です。
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TonyBさん 質問者の疑問に回答するのが、このサイトの主旨なので、回答者の質問に回答することは、まずいかもしれませんが。問いかけられたので、一応回答します。 ＃４の回答は＃３のTonyBさんの回答を見る前に書いたものなので、特にTonyBさんの回答について指摘したわけではありませんでした。 ＃５では、「庭園」という訳語そのものがまずいと指摘したわけではありません。groundsが何なのかを把握していない回答者がいらっしゃるように見えたので、確認のために書いたまでです。場合によっては、「庭園」という訳語の方が適切な場合もありえるでしょうね。でも、このストーリーは、魔法学校の話です。そういう予備知識があったので、私は「構内」「敷地」と訳しました。
- TonyB
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puddinさん。ご指摘感謝します。 そうですね、opposit … to～ですから、「～に対して反対側の」とすべきでした。当然といえば当然でした。これならa smooth lawnの不定冠詞の意味がよくわかりますね。 towards a smooth lawn （marchの方向）平坦な芝生の「とある」場所へ向かって（不定冠詞：どの場所とは特定していないが、広い芝地の中の「とある」一部がイメージされる） on the opposite side of the grounds to the Forbidden Forest （a smooth lawnにかかる）あの禁断の森（定冠詞＋固有名詞：誰もが知っているあの場所）に対してこの庭園（定冠詞：この庭園はわかっている、というか今いる場所そのもの）の反対側にある まとめて 「彼らは進んだ。この芝の坂道を下へと、平坦な芝生のとある場所へと向かって。そこはあの禁断の森に対してこの庭園の反対側にある。禁断の森の木々は、遠くで陰鬱に揺らいでいた。」 お詫びして訂正します。 ところでpuddinさん。groundsの複数形に注意して庭園と訳語を決めましたが、そんなに変ですか？城にしろ屋敷にしろ、建物がないところは森も池も芝生もガーデンも庭園だと思うのですが、与えられた文からは場所が特定できないので、敷地か庭園くらいしか適切な訳語が思いつきませんでした。
追加： groundというのは、sが付くと全く意味が異なります。 ヤフーの辞書を参考にしてください。 http://dic.yahoo.co.jp/bin/dsearch?p=ground&stype=0&dtype=1 7 《～s》（建物の周囲の）庭園，芝生，敷地，構内 ・ the ～s of the White House ホワイトハウスの庭園 ・ on college ～s 大学構内で. 要するに、groundsというのは、単に敷地の中の一部分にある運動場や庭ではなく、建物の周囲の敷地、全体のことです。 それを踏まえた上で考えると、「グラウンドの反対側」とか「庭園の反対側」などと訳すことには、しっくりきません。
- TonyB
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物語文ですから、それっぽい雰囲気で、前から前から読んで行きましょう。冠詞に注意。 They marched ／down the sloping lawns 彼らは進んだ。／（marchの方向）この芝の坂道を下へと（定冠詞：今いるところからはっきり見える） towards a smooth lawn （marchの方向）平坦な芝生のある方へ向かって（不定冠詞：はっきりと見えない。後に説明が続いてくれないとどこだかわからない） on the opposite side of the grounds （a smooth lawnにかかる）この庭園の反対側にある（定冠詞：この庭園の存在はわかっている） to the Forbidden Forest, （a smooth lawnまたはthe groundsにかかる）あの禁断の森へと続く（定冠詞＋固有名詞：誰もが知っているあの場所） , whose trees were swaying darkly in the distance. （whoseは関係代名詞の所有格だがカンマで切れているので、文を切って語順どおりに読む）禁断の森の木々は、遠くで陰鬱に揺らいでいた。 まとめて、少し意訳してみると、 「彼らは進んだ。この芝の坂道を下へと、平坦な芝生のある方へ向かって。それはこの庭園の反対側にありあの禁断の森へと続く道であった。禁断の森の木々は、遠くで陰鬱に揺らいでいた。」
お礼
こんばんは。回答ありがとうございます。 「a」とか「the」の説明ありがとうございました。
- onLineHonyaku
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They marched down the sloping lawns --- 彼らは芝生の斜面の方に towards a smooth lawn on the opposite side of the grounds to the Forbidden Forest, ---- 立ち入り禁止の森のあるグラウンドとは反対方向の平坦な芝生の方へ、 whose trees were swaying darkly in the distance --- 薄暗くゆらゆらと木が揺れている（立ち入り禁止の森） 「彼らは芝生の斜面を下り、グラウンドとは反対側の平坦な芝生のほうに向かって、薄暗くゆらゆらと揺れている木のある森へと歩いていった。」
お礼
こんばんは。回答ありがとうございました。 「立ち入り禁止のあるグランド」というのはいまいち意味がよくわかりませんでした。 なお、groundsは「敷地全体」という意味だそうです。
- flyaway
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They marched down the sloping lawnsは、 They marched down:彼らは（下へ）歩いた the sloping lawns: 傾斜した芝生を と区切ったほうが正しいです。 「彼らは傾斜した芝生を下り、グランドの反対側の平らな芝生のほうへ向かって禁止された森林まで歩いた。」って感じです。
お礼
こんばんは。回答ありがとうございました。 They marched down the sloping lawns towards a smooth lawn 副詞が連続でくると、主語はそれを順番に実行する （～を下り、～のほうへ向かって）ということがわかりました。 なお、toはまでと訳さないほうがよいみたいです。禁止された森林と向かい合ってるってイメージみたいです。(「face to face」の「to」と同じ？)
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I live in the house ( ) . (a) opposite to the street (b) on the opposite side of the street (c) to the opposite side from the street (d) on the street of the opposite CDのだめなところ教えてください。 The party was , ( ) , a signal success . 1 as a whole 2 on the hole 3 a whole lot 4 in a whole skin 1ではだめですか？
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The new positions menaced the German defences at Péronne and the defences further south, which with the capture of Irles by the Fifth Army on 10 March, forced the Germans commence their retirement towards the Siegfriedstellung two weeks early. The Royal Flying Corps undertook a considerable tactical reorganisation after the battle of the Somme, according to the principles incorporated in documents published between November 1916 and April 1917. During the winter on the Somme 1916–1917, the new organisation proved effective. On the few days of good flying weather, much air fighting took place, as German aircraft began to patrol the front line; of 27 British aircraft shot down in December 1916, 17 aeroplanes were lost on the British side of the front line. German aircraft were most active on the Arras front to the north of the Somme, where Jasta 11 was based.
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こんにちは。 Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix [UK, adult版]p.321上の方の文に関してです。 ハリーとロンがクイディッチの練習のために競技場に向かっている場面を書いている文です。 As they approached the Quidditch pitch, Harry glanced over to his right to where the trees of the Forbidden Forest were swaying darkly. この文で"to where"とあるのですが、なぜ単に"where"ではなく"to where"が使われているのでしょうか？ 調べてみると、「where」には代名詞としての使い方もあるのでいいかと思うのですが、"to where"と"where"の使い分けがわかりません。 どんな時、代名詞として使って、どんな時、副詞として使うのでしょうか？ 教えてください。 よろしくお願いします。
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Also a railway line was constructed to ease the delivery of ammo. The Russian 12th army was divided into three groups before it attacked. The main task force was Babīte group which consisted of 48 battalions and 208 cannon. On the opposite side were 19 German battalions from the 6th Landwehr-Brigade. The core of the Babīte group was the VI Siberian corps. which included both Latvian Rifleman brigades.After the failure of the 1916 campaigns in Romania the Commander of the Russian Empire's 12th Army received an order to attack on the Riga front.
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Joffre issued instructions on 18 August but held back the Third and Fourth armies because air and cavalry reconnaissance found few German troops opposite the two armies, only a large force moving north-west 40–50 kilometres (25–31 mi) away. On 19 August the Fourth army of General Fernand de Langle de Cary was ordered to occupy the bridges over the Semois but not to advance into Belgium until the German offensive began. A premature attack would advance into a trap rather than give time for the Germans to empty Luxembourg of troops before the French advanced. On 20 August the German armies in the south attacked the French First and Second armies and next day the Third and Fourth armies began their offensive. The Fourth Army crossed the Semois and advanced towards Neufchâteau and the Third Army of General Pierre Ruffey attacked towards Arlon, as a right flank guard for the Fourth army. South of Verdun, the Third army was renamed Army of Lorraine and was to watch for a German offensive from Metz, which left the remainder of the Third Army free to concentrate on the offensive into Belgium. The French armies invaded Belgium with nine infantry corps but ten German corps and six reserve brigades of the 4th and 5th armies lay between Metz and the north of Luxembourg. The German 4th Army under Albrecht, Duke of Württemberg, and 5th Army of Crown Prince Wilhelm had moved slower than the 1st, 2nd and 3rd armies and the French offensive towards them was reported on 21 August. The French armies had few maps and were unaware of the size of the German force opposite, as the Third Army brushed aside small German detachments. On 22 August in the Third army area, the V Corps attacked dug-in German troops at Longwy at 5:00 a.m. in thick fog and heavy rain, with no artillery support.
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When they had advanced across the Sinai Desert, the Turkish force had constructed strong defensive positions. That they now made use of as they withdrew back east towards the Egyptian-Palestinian border.On 7 August the New Zealand Mounted Rifles Brigade leading the divisions pursuit of the Turkish force, located their rearguard at Oghratina. Attempting to turn their left flank, they found the opposition to strong for them and withdrew. Early the next day reconnaissance patrols found the rearguard had pulled out during the night. The patrols continued their reconnaissance and located the Turkish force again, establish on the high ground to the east of Bir ed Abd.
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They had to attack the main force of the Montenegrin army, gathered around Mount Lovcen, and a second attack was planned from Trebinje towards the east. In the east and north, the VIII. Armeekorps under command of Hermann Kövess von Kövessháza was to bind the Montenegrin troops there present.The VIII. Armeekorps, which pursued the withdrawing Montenegrin Expeditionary army, had two tasks. On the one hand to slow down the Montenegrin troops; for this the 62nd and 53rd Infantry Divisions were used. On the other hand, it had to pass the Montenegrin right wing and converge with the XIX. Korps on Podgorica.
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Facing the major Russian offensive, the II Brigade of the Polish Legions was deployed out of Kostiuchnówka, at Gruziatyn and Hołzula. The I Brigade held the lines advancing down the Polish Hill, Kostiuchnówka village; the III Brigade, positioned to its left, held the lines near the Optowa village; the Piłsudski's Redoubt was the most advanced Polish position, just about 50 metres (164 ft) facing head on the most advanced Russian redoubt, called the "Eagle's Nest". Further down the Polish Hill the Hungarian 128th Honvédség Brigade took positions opposite the Polish right flank, the Hungarian 11th Cavalry Division opposite the left flank. Two Polish fall-back lines were drawn beyond the first line of defense: one drawn through the Polish Forest and the Engineer's Forest, and the second one through the villages of Nowe Kukle, Nowy Jastków, the camp of Legionowo and Nowa Rarańcza. The Polish Legions at Kostiuchnówka numbered from 5,500[1] to 7,300 (6,500 infantry and 800 cavalry), with forty-nine machine guns, fifteen mortars and twenty-six artillery units. The Russian forces, composed of the most part of the 46th Corps (primarily the 110th and 77nd Infantry Division[clarification needed]), numbered 23,000 infantry, 3,000 cavalry and were backed up by a larger artillery force consisting of 120 units.
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On 5 August, Joffre ordered an offensive by the VII Corps, on the right flank of the First Army, to begin on 7 August towards Mulhouse. The capture of the 2nd Army order of battle on 7 August, convinced Joffre that the strength of the German forces on the flanks had left the centre weak and vulnerable to an offensive towards Neufchâteau and Arlon. On 8 August, Joffre issued General Instruction No. 1, containing his strategic intent, which was to destroy the German army rather than capture ground. The offensive into Alsace and that by the First and Second armies into Lorraine, would pin down German forces and attract reinforcements, as the main offensive further north drove in the German centre and outflanked the German forces in Belgium from the south. Joffre expected that the attack into the German centre would meet little resistance. The First and Second armies would advance south of the German fortified area from Metz–Thionville, with the Fourth Reserve Group guarding the northern flank near Hirson, to watch the Chimay Gap and deflect a German attack from the north or east. The strategy assumed that the main German force would be deployed around Luxembourg and from Metz–Thionville, with smaller forces in Belgium. On 9 August, an intelligence report had one German active corps near Freiburg close to the Swiss border, three near Strasbourg, four in Luxembourg to the north of Thionville and six from Liège in Belgium, towards the north end of Luxembourg, which left five corps un-located. The French general staff inferred that they were between Metz-Thionville and Luxembourg, ready to advance towards Sedan or Mézières.
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こんばんは。回答ありがとうございます！ 地図まで示していただき感激です。よく理解することができました。 なお、何の本なのか分かってしまうとはビックリです。