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In spite of thd oppression of the Habsbrug viceroys (”the two sicilies were vienna's East Indies...”), which followed two centuries of no less rucgpless exploitation by the spanish, in the first of the 18th century Naples was undoubtedly one of the most oivilised cities in Italy, with a class of gentlemen-scholors who cultivated studies in history and philosophy (as for example Vico or Giannone) and were fine practioners of music and art (Mevastasio, Pergolesi, Sanfelice, Vaccaro and Solimena being the most eminent names). 1文が長すぎてなにがなんだかよくわかりません。どなたか訳をお願いします。
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１。大骨 確かに長ったらしい文ですが、裸にすれば 何が何である、という第一文型です。 主語：Naples 動詞：was 飾り：undoubtedly 補語：one of the most oivilised cities in Italy ナポリは、イタリアにおける最も文化の進んだ町の一つであった。 ２。前飾り１：ハプスブルグ家の総督の圧政（ウィーン（＝ハプスブルグの巣窟）に取ってシチリアの二部分は（イギリスの）東インドみたいなものだった）にもかかわらず 前飾り２：スペインによる同じような搾取が2世紀も続いた後の（前飾り１） 大骨の時：18世紀前半に 後飾り１：歴史や哲学の研究を進めた有閑学者階級がいたので 後飾り１の例： Vico とか Giannone 後飾り２：音楽家や芸術家がいたので 後飾り２の例：一番有名なのは、Mevastasio, Pergolesi, Sanfelice, Vaccaro、 Solimena ３。以上の部分品をお好きなように並べてください。綴りの間違いもありますから辞典を見るときは気をつけてください。
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President Grant signed the park into existence on March 1,1872. The national park concept has endured for a century in spite of the pressures of resource exploitation and irrational demands for inappropriate use by the very people for whose benefit the national parks and monuments were set aside. 特に最初のsigned the park into existence と後半のby以降がうまく訳せません。 よろしくお願いします。
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NHKのサイトで次の文を見掛ました。 In the 18th and 19th centuries, origami techniques of this type were developed to a remarkable level of sophistication. 細かい質問ですが、InをBetweenにするとニュアンスが変わるのでしょうか？
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英文の和訳で困っています。 和訳を教えていただきたいです。 よろしくお願いします！！ In spite of these changes the forum remained the scene of the great festival of Apollo, the ludi apollinares, held each year on 6-13 July on the model of a similar festival in Rome, with bullfights, pantomimes and other entertainments. Most of the pre-Roman sanctuaries continued, but they must have been brought within the religious laws that governed the cults of the new colony. Probably at the same time the precinct was separated from the forum by piers of increasing thickness which masked the difference in alignment between forum and temple. In the new colony there were pontifices who administered Roman religious law, and augures who interpereted the omens sent by the gods.
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It is even more true in the sense that the domains became even more closely integrated in the overall administrative structure as time went on, and at the same time were able to consolidate their (albeit subordinate) position relative to the bakufu. Therefore, to talk of the ‘’Tokugawa system’’ or the ‘’Tokugawa bakufu’’ is useful when discussing the administrative structure and developments of the seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries, but after that these terms reflect progressively less of the actual state of affairs and, in particular, the distribution of power. 和訳 さらに時が経つにつれて、藩が全体的な行政機構の中に組み込まれていき、同時に幕府に対する相対的な地位を固めることが出来たという事実である。よって、１７世紀から１８世紀初めまでの行政機構およびその発展について議論する場合、「徳川体制」や「徳川幕府」を語ることは有用ではあるが、次第に状況、特に権力の分布という表現を使うものではなくなっていく。
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英文の和訳で困っています 和訳を教えていただきたいです よろしくお願いします！！ As in all Greek and Roman cities, the public building works of Pompeii were supervised, and in many cases funded, by wealthy individuals who advertised their generosity in dedicatory inscriptions. The survival of such inscriptions in at least two cases links new buildings with the colonists. The first was the ‘’covered theatre’’, the dedication of which names two leading colonists, C. Quinctius Valgus and M. Porcius, as founders. Built immediately to the east of the pre-existing large theatre, this is often called an ‘’odeion’’ and interpreted, like the Greek buildings of that name, as a concert-hall for musical performances and recitations; but it is highly unlikely that Roman ex-soldiers would have been much interested in promoting Greek culture in this way.
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On 4 June 1918, Azerbaijan and the Ottoman Empire signed a treaty of friendship and cooperation, clause 4 of which held that the Ottoman Empire would provide military assistance to Azerbaijan, if such assistance was required for maintaining peace and security in the country. Prelude The Ottoman Islamic Army of the Caucasus was under the command of Nuri Pasha. It was formed in Ganja. It included the Ottoman 5th Caucasian and 15th divisions, and the Azerbaijani Muslim Corps under general Ali-Agha Shikhlinski. There were roughly 14,000 Ottoman troops with 500 cavalrymen and 40 pieces of artillery. 30% of the newly formed army consisted of Ottoman soldiers, the rest being Azerbaijani forces and volunteers from Dagestan. The Baku forces were commanded by the former Tsarist General Dokuchaev, with his Armenian Chief of Staff, Colonel Avetisov. Under their command were about 6,000 Centrocaspian Dictatorship troops of the Baku Army or Baku Battalions. The vast majority of the troops in this force were Armenians, though there were some Russians among them. Their artillery comprised some 40 field guns. Most of the Baku Soviet troops and practically all their officers were Armenians of Dashnak leanings, and often outright Dashnaks. One of the Red Army commanders was the notorious Amazasp, who had fought as a guerrilla leader against the Turks, and for whom any Muslim was an enemy simply because he was a Muslim. The British mission, Dunsterforce, was headed by Major-General Lionel Dunsterville, who had arrived to take command of the mission force in Baghdad on 18 January 1918. The first members of the force were already assembled. Dunsterville set out from Baghdad on 27 January 1918, with four NCOs and batmen in 41 Ford vans and cars. The British troops in battle under Dunsterville numbered roughly 1,000. They were supported by a field artillery battery, machine gun section, three armoured cars, and two airplanes. He was to proceed through Persia (began from Mesopotamian Campaign through Persian Campaign) to the port of Anzali. On 6 June 1918, Grigory Korganov, People's Commissar of Military and Naval Affairs of the Baku Soviet, issued an order to the Red Army to begin offensive operations against Ganja. Being unable to defend the independence of the country on their own, the government of Azerbaijan asked the Ottoman Empire for military support in accordance with clause 4 of the treaty between the two countries. The Baku Soviet troops looted and killed Muslims as they moved towards Ganja.
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It is true that local autonomy was an integral part of the Tokugawa system, in the sense that the han had existed from the first as semi-independent and functioning entities. It is even more true in the sense that the domains became even more closely integrated in the overall administrative structure as time went on, and at the same time were able to consolidate their (albeit subordinate) position relative to the bakufu. Therefore, to talk of the ‘’Tokugawa system’’ or the ‘’Tokugawa bakufu’’ is useful when discussing the administrative structure and developments of the seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries, but after that these terms reflect progressively less of the actual state of affairs and, in particular, the distribution of power. 和訳 藩が始めから半独立国家的に機能する物として存在していたという意味で、地方自治が徳川体制にとって必須であったことは事実である。 さらに、時が経つにつれ藩が（徳川の）総合的行政機構により緊密に組み込まれていき、同時に幕府に対し、おのが地位（服従ではあるものの）を強固なものに出来たという意味でも事実である。よって、17世紀と18世紀初めの行政機構とその発展について論議する場合、「徳川体制」もしくは「徳川幕府」を語ることは有意義ではあるものの、こうした表現は徐々にそれ以後の国家情勢、特に権力の分配について表すものではなくなっていく。
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The 6th Army attacked with the XIV, VII, XIII and XIX corps, intending to break through the Allied defences from Arras to La Bassée and Armentières. German infantry advanced in rushes of men in skirmish lines, covered by machine-gun fire. To the south of the 18th Brigade, a battalion of the 16th Brigade had dug in east of Radinghem while the other three dug a reserve line from Bois Blancs to Le Quesne, La Houssoie and Rue du Bois, half way to Bois Grenier. A German attack by the 51st Infantry Brigade at 1:00 p.m. was repulsed but the battalion fell back to the eastern edge of the village, when the German attack further north at Ennetières succeeded. The main German attack was towards a salient at Ennetières held by the 18th Brigade, in disconnected positions held by advanced guards, ready for a resumption of the British advance. The brigade held a front of about 3 mi (4.8 km) with three battalions and was attacked on the right flank where the villages of Ennetières and La Vallée merged. The German attack was repulsed by small-arms fire and little ground was gained by the Germans, who were attacking across open country with little cover. Another attack was made on Ennetières at 1:00 p.m. and repulsed but on the extreme right of the brigade, five platoons were spread across 1,500 yd (1,400 m) to the junction with the 16th Brigade. The platoons had good observation to their fronts but were not in view of each other and in a drizzle of rain, the Germans attacked again at 3:00 p.m. The German attack was repulsed with reinforcements and German artillery began a bombardment of the Brigade positions from the north-east until dark, then sent about three battalions of the 52nd Infantry Brigade of the 25th Reserve Division forward in the dark, to rush the British positions. The German attack broke through and two companies of Reserve Infantry Regiment 125 entered Ennetières from the west; four companies of Reserve Infantry Regiment 122 and a battalion of Reserve Infantry Regiment 125 broke in from the south and the British platoons were surrounded and captured. Another attack from the east, led to the British infantry east of the village retiring to the west side of the village, where they were surprised and captured by German troops advancing from La Vallée, which had fallen after 6:00 p.m. and who had been thought to be British reinforcements; some of the surrounded troops fought on until 5:15 a.m. next morning. The German infantry did not exploit the success and British troops on the northern flank were able to withdraw to a line 1 mi (1.6 km) west of Prémesques, between La Vallée and Chateau d'Hancardry.
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英文の和訳で困っています 和訳を教えていただきたいです よろしくお願いします！！ The detailed evolution of Pompeii’s public landscape in the Roman period is full of uncertainties. There are question-marks over the dates of several buildings; it is difficult to decide, indeed, whether some of them date to the period after the foundation of the colony or go back to Samnite times. Where the dates of buildings are known, it is often unclear what preceded them: the dearth of excavations beneath the levels of 79 prevents us, in most cases, from judging whether they were constructed on ‘’virgin’’ sites, whether they replaced domestic or commercial buildings, or whether they were substitutes for previous public edifices. The following account will, therefore, be hedged with many ‘’ifs’’, ’’buts’ ’and’ ’maybes’’. By the time of the Social War the development of the street-system was complete apart from minor adjustments, and most of the city-blocks were built up. The forum, towards the southwest corner of the city, was the hub of civic and commercial actively, and, though much of its east side seems still to have been occupied by shops and workshops rather than the public buildings which existed later, there were certainly public buildings to the south and west.
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The Battle of Kostiuchnówka was a World War I battle that took place July 4–6, 1916, near the village of Kostiuchnówka (Kostyukhnivka) and the Styr River in the Volhynia region of modern Ukraine, then part of the Russian Empire. It was a major clash between the Russian Army and the Polish Legions (part of the Austro-Hungarian Army) during the opening phase of the Brusilov Offensive. Polish forces, numbering 5,500–7,300, faced Russian forces numbering over half of the 46th Corps of 26,000. The Polish forces were eventually forced to retreat, but delayed the Russians long enough for the other Austro-Hungarian units in the area to retreat in an organized manner. Polish casualties were approximately 2,000 fatalities and wounded. The battle is considered one of the largest and most vicious of those involving the Polish Legions in World War I.
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