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HSKテスト（世界で通用する中国語能力テスト）のことについて書かれている英文です。 The new HSK Test is a standardized international Chinese proficiency test, taking non-native speakers as its object, and directed at examining students’ capability in comprehensive language and communication ability. まず、適切な日本語訳をお願いいたします。 次に、Chinese proficiency test, taking non-native speakers as its object, の部分で、 takingがどんな役割（たとえば分詞構文、それとも名詞）をしているか。 （また、takeには色々な意味があるので、ここではどう使われているかもわかりません） itsは何を指しているか。 以上について教えてください。 よろしくお願いいたします。
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English education in japan is very bad, because which mainly focus on input way of studying such as listening and reading, on the other hand, we don't usually practice output such as writing and speaking. Even though, we have been studying English from middle school to college. TOEFL(test of English language proficiency for non-native English language speakers) score of Japan is at the worst level in Asia. On the other hand, Germany people can speak English very well because English education system in Germany is very good, which focus on more practical, so that people can speak English, they spend more time to speak and writing instead of listening and reading.
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以下の英文の日本語訳で悩んでいます。 Such instruments as the telescope and the microscope seem to be devised with this one end in view : to diminish distance, and to bring the object as close-up as possible. In my opinion, this serves only to lessen the charm of the object and to emphasize its ugliness―whatever ugliness it may have. 特にコロンとダッシュの前後なのですが、日本語としてうまく繋がるにはどのように考えればよいでしょうか。
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Fuels such as coal, oil, and gas are described an non-renewable, ( ) the reserves are finite and are not regenerated.Nuclear power also comes from a non=renewable fuel, uranium(although this is not a fossil fuel).Because of the harmful effects of carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides, and other pollutant emissions produced when fossil fuels burn, these fuels have a significant and harmful environmental impact.Nuclear power raises the problematic issues of the disposal of radioactive waste and the devastation that would result from a nuclear accident, however unlikely this may seem to the advocates of nuclear power. 1,( )に入る最も適切な語句を選んでください。 rather,although,because,nonetheless 2,英文にもっとも合う見出しを選んでください。 How non-renewable fuels affect the environment Nuclear power and environment-friendly fuels Nuclear power and its superiority over fossil fuel The dwindling reserves of non-renewable fuels 3,５行目の真ん中あたりのraisesをほかの語に置き換えても意味が変わらないものを選んでください ingests transcends encourages involves 3,the devastation that would result from a nuclear accident, however unlikely this may seem to the advocates of nuclear power.の和訳として最も適切なものを選んでください。 実際に原子力事故が起こった時、結果的に推進派がいなくなるほどの惨状になる可能性。 いかに起こり得ないように推進派には思えても、実際に原子力事故が起こった場合には引き起こされてしまう参上。 推進派は一見すると原子力事故はどれも似てないをいうが、実際に起これば結果として大惨事になるという共通点。 原子力事故が起きた結果、大惨事がもたらされるかもしれないが、こういった事故は推進派にとっては類似性がないように見えるものだ。 この質問に補足する
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With its maze of underground tunnels, dugouts and concrete emplacements, Guillemont was a veritable fortress and an unquestionably tough nut to crack, as evidenced by the earlier failures of the British attacks during the previous two months. The 3 September attack finally saw Guillemont fall to the British. Other targets during the wider attack, such as High Wood and the Schwaben Redoubt, remained however firmly in German hands. On the banks of the Somme the French succeeded in taking both villages of Clery and Omiecourt.
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The Chinese strategy should be interpreted in the light of its larger ‘going global’- strategy (Shambaugh, 2013) that crucially involves overseas investment in order to become the FDI-superpower that it is already regarding other economic indicators such as trade volume, FDI-inflows, and its spectacular growth-numbers in general. 上記英文の邦訳をお願い致します。 原典は，REVIEW OF INTERNATIONAL POLITICAL ECONOMY https://doi.org/10.1080/09692290.2019.1665084 です。
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Teachers who have less experience with non-native speakers may be less patient, especially if the ch ild becomes restless because he does not understand. Immigrant children from cultures that are more active and verbal are especially liable to be labeled as having "behavior problems" if they give the impression they are refusing to answer questions. On the other hand, Japnaese children who are not yet fluent in English and are thus quiet and unresponsive might be labeled slow learners. 英文翻訳 ネイティブでない話者を相手にする経験の乏しい教師は、忍耐も乏しいだろう。特にもしその子供がことばを理解しないという理由で落ち着きがなくなるならなおさらだ。もっと活動的でおしゃべりな文化から来た移民の子供たちは、もしも質問に答えることを拒んでいるという印象をもたれた場合は、しつけに問題があると烙印を押されがちである。その一方、英語にまだ流暢でないがゆえに、こうして沈黙し無反応となる日本の子供たちは、学習遅延者というレッテルを貼られるだろう。
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英文の和訳をお願いします。一部分がわからなくて・・・ Educational reformers，however，believe that standardized testing alone is limited and can only measure some od a student’s ability.They suggest that many students，though intelligent，are not always good at taking tests or at memorizaton.（This makes it harder for them to achieve passing grades，get into good schools，or get the right job.）In addition，factors such as how a person feels on the day of a test can also affect his or her score.Using only a multiple-choice style of test to evaluate students’abilities cannot always tell us what they have learned，or how they may do in the future. In a 1999 report，Paul Barton，the director or Educational Testing Sercvice’s Policy Information Center，suggested that standardized testing needs to change. Students should take fewer standardized tests.（The ones they do take，he says，should tell us what students really know，and how they can use that knowledge in real life. To use standardized tests or not to―the debate continues. Meanwhile，many students’futures are still decided based on their test results. しかしながら教育の改革者たちは標準化テストだけでは限界があり、学生の能力の一部分しか測れないと信じている。彼らは多くの学生たちに聡明であるが、テストを受けたり暗記することが得意じゃない学生もいると提示している。 （このため彼らは合格点に達して良い学校に入ったり、自分にふさわしい仕事を得るのが難しい。） また、テストの日に人がどのように感じるかの要因が、テストの成績に影響する 多肢選択式のテストの評価だけで学生の能力を評価すると、彼らが何を学んできたか、もしくはどのようなことを未来で出来るかが分からない。 1999年のレポートで教育テスト事業政策情報センター管理長ポール・バートンは標準テストは変わる必要があると提案している。学生は標準化テストをより少なく受けるべきだ。 （ここがわかりません・・・the onesは標準化テストを指すのでしょうか？） 標準化テストを使いべきか否か―そういった論争は続く。 まだ当分多くの学生の未来はテストの結果に基づいて決められる。 括弧内はより自信が無い訳や、分からない部分です。 この部分の和訳をお願いします。 また、全体の訳も自信が無いので修正すべきところがあれば指摘をお願いします。
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House's views Wilson's former friend Edward Mandell House, present at the negotiations, wrote in his diary on 29 June 1919: I am leaving Paris, after eight fateful months, with conflicting emotions. Looking at the conference in retrospect, there is much to approve and yet much to regret. It is easy to say what should have been done, but more difficult to have found a way of doing it. To those who are saying that the treaty is bad and should never have been made and that it will involve Europe in infinite difficulties in its enforcement, I feel like admitting it. But I would also say in reply that empires cannot be shattered, and new states raised upon their ruins without disturbance. To create new boundaries is to create new troubles. The one follows the other. While I should have preferred a different peace, I doubt very much whether it could have been made, for the ingredients required for such a peace as I would have were lacking at Paris. China Many in China felt betrayed as the German territory in China was handed to Japan. Wellington Koo refused to sign the treaty and the Chinese delegation at the Paris Peace Conference was the only nation that did not sign the Treaty of Versailles at the signing ceremony. The sense of betrayal led to great demonstrations in China like the May 4th movement and the fall of the nascent Chinese Republic's government[when?] and poisoned relations with the West. There was immense dissatisfaction with Duan Qirui’s government, which had secretly negotiated with the Japanese in order to secure loans to fund their military campaigns again the south. On 29 April, the German delegation under the leadership of the Foreign Minister Ulrich Graf von Brockdorff-Rantzau arrived in Versailles. On 7 May, when faced with the conditions dictated by the victors, including the so-called "War Guilt Clause", von Brockdorff-Rantzau replied to Clemenceau, Wilson and Lloyd George: "We know the full brunt of hate that confronts us here. You demand from us to confess we were the only guilty party of war; such a confession in my mouth would be a lie." Because Germany was not allowed to take part in the negotiations, the German government issued a protest against what it considered to be unfair demands, and a "violation of honour",soon afterwards withdrawing from the proceedings of the peace conference. Germans of all political shades denounced the treaty—particularly the provision that blamed Germany for starting the war—as an insult to the nation's honor. They referred to the treaty as "the Diktat" since its terms were presented to Germany on a take-it-or-leave-it basis. Germany′s first democratically elected head of government, Philipp Scheidemann, resigned rather than sign the treaty. In a passionate speech before the National Assembly on 21 March 1919, he called the treaty a "murderous plan" and exclaimed, Which hand, trying to put us in chains like these, would not wither? The treaty is unacceptable.
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For millennia, humans have used plants and herbs as medicines. Ginger, for example, is used to relieve nausea, vomiting and other gastrointestinal symptoms; rhubarb is good for constipation; Saint John's wort eases depression and anxiety. While cultures around the world have greatly benefited from the pharmacological ingredients in these and other herbs for treating various disorders, the Chinese have been especially successful at developing their own traditional medical practices over several thousand year. Japan adapted these practices durig the 4th or 5th century and created its own unique herbal medical diagnosis and treatment system called Kampo. Kampo is the most commonly employed form of alternative medicine in Japan. According to a recent survey, about 75% of Japanese physicians have prescribed Kampo drugs as part of their treatment. This increasing interest in Kampo comes from a simple fact: Kampo drugs have been producing promising results in patients. In Kampo treatment, physicians see a disease condition as the manifestation of "imbalances" within the body. Symptoms of various illnesses are thought to result when the body's energy, known as qi, is out of balance. Kampo physicians examine a patient's eyes, tongue, abdomen and pulse. A Kampo diagnosis takes into account different body types and the symptom patterns of each patient, so patients with the same illness are not always prescribed the same Kampo formulas. This is in contrast to Western medicine, where the same drug is used for a specific disease affecting large numbers of people. In this respect, Kampo drugs can be called trailormade drugs. Kampo drugs are carefully balanced combinations of several herbs based on formulas found in ancient Chinese literature on medicine. This makes Kampo drugs quite different from Western drugs, which usually consist of a single ingredient in standard doses, and from folk remedies, where generally only one herb is used. Combined together, the ingredients in a Kampo drug restore the balance in the affected organ or metabolic system, harmonizing the disrupted qi while counteracting any potential side effects. With these unique characteristics, Kampo can be considered a viable alternative when Western drugs do not produce the desired effect.
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